Circulatory Laine01

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A CLOSER LOOK TO OUR HEART


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INTRODUCTION

The heart is a spectacular muscularorgan that beats every second, of everyday. It is positioned behind the ribcageand between the lungs. It tilts slightly tothe left. It also supplies your body withwhat it needs to live, fresh oxygenated

blood.


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Blood that is rich in oxygen appearsred.

Blood that is poor in oxygen appearsblue.


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Arteries are tough, elastic tubes that carryblood away from the heart.

Veins carry the blood to the heart.

The circulatory system is made up of thevessels and the muscles that help and

control the flow of the blood. This processis called circulation.


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THE HEART

The heart is the most vital organ in the circulatorysystem. Four main sections:

>right and left ventricle>right and left atrium

The heart acts like a pump that forces the blood throughan interconnecting system of vessels which eventuallyreturn to the heart.

You notice the heart in the picture above has two differentcolours: red and blue. The red is oxygen enriched bloodfrom the lungs and theblue is oxygen deficient blood

which has returned from the body. The heart is the pump that keeps this transport system

moving.


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FACTS To see how big your heart is, make a fist. Your heart beats about 60-100 times per

minute. In one year your heart beats more than

30,000,000 times. In an average lifetime a heart will beat over

2,000,000,000 times. Our heart never stops for rest or repair.

The heart weighs about 10 ounces, about asmuch as one of your sneakers. It is located in the middle of your chest tilted

slightly to the left.


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THE BLOOD

The blood is the transport system by whichoxygen and nutrients reach the body's cells,and waste materials are carried away.

Blood is that sticky, red fluid that circulates

throughout our bodies in veins and arteries. Red bloodcells carry oxygen from the lungs to

all the cells of the body.

White bloodcells are like soldiers protecting

the body. Bloodthatis richinoxygenappears red.

Bloodthatis poorinoxygenappears blue.


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COMPONENTS OF BLOOD


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Plasma, which makes up 50 65% of thetotal volume of blood, is a straw-coloredliquid containing water (90%) and solids(10%).

The non-plasma, or cellular, portion of

blood is composed of red blood cells, whiteblood cells, and platelets.

From lefttoright:Redblood cell(erythrocyte);

Platelet(thrombocyte);White blood cell(leukocyte).


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BLOOD VESSELS

Blood leaves the left side of the heart andtravels through arteries, which gradually

divide into capillaries. In the capillaries,food and oxygen are released to the bodycells, and carbon dioxide and other wasteproducts are returned to the bloodstream.


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The blood vessels are a network ofinterconnecting veins and arteries and theirsub categories.

They provide the pathway in which bloodtravels.

The categories from largest to smallest and

back to largest are as follows: Aorta- TheAORTAis the largest artery in

the body. Located out of the top of the leftventricle of the heart.

Arteries- The

ARTERIESare blood vesselswhich carry blood away from the heart.

Usually the blood in arteries is deoxygenatedexcept for in the pulmonary trunk.


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VEINS AND ARTERIES

Arteries are tough, elastic tubes that carryblood away from the heart.

As the arteries move away from the heart,

they divide into smaller vessels. The largest arteries are about as thick as a

thumb.

The smallest arteries are thinner than hair.

These thinner arteries are called arterioles. Arteries carry bright red blood. The color

comes from the oxygen that it carries.


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Veins carry the blood to the heart.

The smallest veins, also called venules, arevery thin. They join larger veins that openinto the heart.

The veins carry dark red blood that doesn'thave much oxygen.

Veins have thin walls. They don't need tobe as strong as the arteries because as

blood is returned to the heart, it is underless pressure.


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PATH OF CIRCULATION B

lood leaves the left side of the heart and travelsthrough arteries which gradually divide intocapillaries. The blood then travels in veins backto the right side of the heart, where it is pumpeddirectly to the lungs. In the lungs, carbon dioxideis exchanged for oxygen, and this renewed bloodflows back to the left side of the heart, and the

whole process begins again.

The major parts of the circulatory system are the

heart, arteries and veins. The heart pumps bloodto the arteries. The arteries take the oxygenatedblood to the muscles. The veins take blood backto the heart, which then releases carbon dioxidein the lungs


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BloodCIRCULATES--

circles--all aroundyour body in aboutone or two minutes.

Inside the heart arefour hollowchambers. Eachchamber is a little

pump. The pumpingpushes blood allaround your body.


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The circulatory system islike a water systembecause the pipes are likethe veins and arteriesand the water plant is

like the heart.


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XYRA LALAINE GUIYAB GERONIMO

Circulatory Laine01

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