1 Physics Department Electricity and Magnetism Laboratory CIRCULAR MOTION 1. Aim The aim of this experiment is to study uniform circular motion and uniformly accelerated circular motion. The motion equation for a rotating rigid body will be studied, and a moment of inertia will be calculated. 2. Overview Circular motion is a curved motion where the path (or trajectory) is a circumference, e.g. the motion of any point on a rotating disk or wheel. On a first approximation, the motion of the Moon around Earth and that of an electron around a proton in a hydrogen atom are circular motions. Due to the Earth's rotation, all bodies on its surface are on circular motion around the axis of rotation of the Earth. 2.1 Uniform circular motion equations. In circular motion with constant speed, the velocity vector, , v is tangential to the circumference (as velocity is always tangential to the path). Distance covered, s, is always measured along the path, which in this case is an arc of circumference. Equations are similar to those of uniform rectilinear motion (constant velocity), but instead of distance covered s there is the angle swept out , and instead of linear velocity , v angular velocity, , (angle swept out per time unit). See Figure 1. R v [1] 0 dt d [2] t 0 [3] R is the distance from the body to the axis of rotation. In this motion, the velocity vector v has a constant modulus but variable direction and sense. This implies that there is acceleration: normal acceleration R v a N 2 directed towards the axis of rotation.
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CIRCULAR MOTION · 2016-05-17 · CIRCULAR MOTION 1. Aim The aim of this experiment is to study uniform circular motion and uniformly accelerated circular motion. The motion equation
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1
Physics Department
Electricity and Magnetism Laboratory
CIRCULAR MOTION
1. Aim
The aim of this experiment is to study uniform circular motion and uniformly accelerated
circular motion. The motion equation for a rotating rigid body will be studied, and a moment of
inertia will be calculated.
2. Overview
Circular motion is a curved motion where the path (or trajectory) is a circumference, e.g.
the motion of any point on a rotating disk or wheel. On a first approximation, the motion of the
Moon around Earth and that of an electron around a proton in a hydrogen atom are circular
motions. Due to the Earth's rotation, all bodies on its surface are on circular motion around the
axis of rotation of the Earth.
2.1 Uniform circular motion equations.
In circular motion with constant speed, the velocity vector, ,v is tangential to the
circumference (as velocity is always tangential to the path). Distance covered, s, is always
measured along the path, which in this case is an arc of circumference.
Equations are similar to those of uniform rectilinear motion (constant velocity), but instead of
distance covered s there is the angle swept out , and instead of linear velocity ,v angular
velocity, , (angle swept out per time unit). See Figure 1.
Rv [1]
0
dt
d [2]
t 0 [3]
R is the distance from the body to the axis of rotation.
In this motion, the velocity vector v has a constant modulus but variable direction and
sense. This implies that there is acceleration: normal acceleration