© ABB Ireland 2007 Circuit Breaker Selection – Impact on disconnecting Times & Short Circuit Fault Rating Presenter: Sergio CARRARA
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2007
Circuit Breaker Selection – Impact on disconnecting Times &
Short Circuit Fault Rating
Presenter:Sergio CARRARA
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7Selectivity� What selectivity means :
Only the downstream CB opens,
SELECTIVITY
When an OVERLOAD or a SHORT-CIRCUIT occurs.
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7Selectivity� What Selectivity means :
the other loads can be suppliedOnly the downstream CB opens,SELECTIVITY
When an OVERLOAD or a SHORT-CIRCUIT occur.
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7Selectivity� What Selectivity means :
When an OVERLOAD or a SHORT-CIRCUIT occur.
NO SELECTIVITYAlso the main CB opens,
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7Selectivity� What Selectivity means :
When an OVERLOAD or a SHORT-CIRCUIT occur.
ALL THE LOADS GO OUT OF SERVICE
NO SELECTIVITYAlso the main CB opens,
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7SelectivityLack of coordination- The main problems� Difficult to understand what is happened and where
� Difficult to detect the zone affected by the problem� Difficult to solve the problem
� No service’s continuity� Production stopped/ damaged� Machines can be damaged� It can be dangerous for people
Lack of coordination ���� Small problem can become BIG PROBLEM
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7Selectivity techniques
Traditional solutions
� Current selectivity
� Time selectivity
� Energy selectivity
Advanced solutions
� Zone selectivity ZSI
� Zone selectivity EFDP
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7Selectivity techniquesCurrent selectivity� Breaker combinations without
energy selectivity values in the coordination tables
� Breaker without high Icw
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
1E -2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4sCurrent selectivity
A
B
Is
AI>
Cable
BI>
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7Selectivity techniques
Time selectivity
� Breakers with high Icw
� Breakers with electronic trip unit
0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA
1E -2s
1s
1E4s
Time Selectivity
1E3s
100s
10s
0.1s
A
B
AI>
BI>
Is
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7Selectivity techniques
Energy based selectivity
� Breakers with limiting characteristics
� Breaker combinations with energy selectivity values in the coordination tables (415V)
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
1E -2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4sEnergy selectivity
A
B
Is
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7Selectivity techniques
� Problems and Limits of traditional selectivity techniques� Current selectivity
LOW Selectivity Value near 10 times In ( from 1 to 8 kA)
Need to have high Impedance between the two breakers
� Time selectivity
Needed high value of Icw
High time to extinguish the fault
Difficult to coordinate LV with MV protections
Difficult to protect Low voltage Generators
� Energy selectivity
Increase the size of the upstream breaker
Only by coordination tables
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7Selectivity techniques
Current and Energy selectivity EFDP Zone Selectivity
Zone Selectivity Time selectivity
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7
A
B
C
Zone Selectivity
How works Zone selectivity
C sees the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN
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7
A
B
C
Zone Selectivity� How works Zone selectivity
B see the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN
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7
A
B
C
Zone Selectivity� How works Zone selectivity
A see the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN
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7Zone selectivity ZSI
Type of devices
� Breakers with high Icw values
� Breakers with high performance trip units
AI>
BI>
0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA
1E -2s
1s
1E4s
Time Selectivity
1E3s
100s
10s
0.1s
A
B
Is
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7
Is
0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA
1E -2s
1s
1E4s
Zone selectivity ZSI
1E3s
100s
10s
0.1s
A
B
Zone selectivity ZSI
Type of devices
� Breakers with high Icw values
� Breakers with high performance trip units
AI>
BI>
Interlock S and G function (or for D function)
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7Zone selectivity ZSI
� Allows good coordination with MV protections
� reducing the stress on components
� reducing the voltage dips duration
� Allows to protect Generators
Main advantages
MORE
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
Type of devices
� Breakers with limiting characteristics
Interlock S, G and EF function
EF function protects the plant and the CB itself for high currents
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
Type of devices
� Breakers without Energy selectivity value
Current selectivity
0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA
1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
IsIs = Magnetic
threshold
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
Type of devices
� Breakers with Energy selectivity value
Energy selectivity
0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA
1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
IsIs = According
Tables
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA
1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100sEFDP
Is
Type of devices
� Tmax Breakers with PR223EF
Is = Breakingcapacity
Reducingtripping time
Increasingselectivity value
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
� Reducing size of upstream breakers preserving selectivity at 415V
Main advantages
� Total selectivity for voltage level up to 1000V
� Total selectivity between breakers with same size
MORE
MORE
� Breakers choice only according rated current and breaking capacity
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7TOTAL SELECTIVITY
T5S 630 T4S 320 T2S 160
T5N 630
T7S 630
Ik=50kA
Ik=35kA
T4N 320 T2N 160
ABB Traditional Solution
E1N 800 PR122/P In800Icw= 50kAIcu=50kA
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7TOTAL SELECTIVITY ON OM VIHAR LINE 3B
T5L 630 T4L 320
E1N 800 PR122/P In800Icw= 50kAIcu=50kA
T2S 160
T5L 630
T5L 630
Ik=50kA
Ik=35kA
T4L 320 T2N 160
ABB NEW EFDP SOLUTION
T6 L 800 PR223EFIcu=50kA
PR223EFPR223EF PR223EFPR223EF
PR223EF
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7PR223EF
An advanced solution for demanding requirements
Main features:� LSIG protections� EF protection (24 V Vaux needed)� Interlocking signal -Up to1km - monitored� Dialogue functions via Modbus protocol� Voltage metering (by means of VM210)� Parameters setting via PR010/T unit or
supervision system
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7PR223EF
A simple front panel� no setting dip-switches� one pushbutton to select remote or local setting� alarm and state signalling via 8 leds� test connectors for PR010/T and TT1 units
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7PR223EF
Trip thresholds Trip curvesI1 = 0,18 ... 1 x In (step 0,01 x In) T1 = 0,5 … 36 s (step 0,5 s)
(I²t=constant) I2 = 0,60 ... 10 x In (step 0,1 x In) T2 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)
(t=constant) I2 = 0,60 ... 10 x In (step 0,1 x In) T2 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)
I3 = 1,5 ... 12 x In (step 0,1 x In) instantaneous
I4 = 0,20 ... 1 x In (step 0,01 x In) T4 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)
Protection functions
FRAME SIZE [A]
POWER SUPPLY
EF
INTERLOCK S
G
VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT
With Vaux
With Vaux
With Vaux
By means of VM210 device
MAIN FEATURES250, 320, 400, 630, 800
24 Vcc (Vaux) - 0,1 x In (Self-supply)
PR223EF: the new electronic release for MCCBs
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7
MaintenanceTotal number of operations
Total number of trips
Number of manual operations
Number of distinct trips for each protection function
Recording of last trip data
Operating mechanismsCircuit-breaker opening/closing (with motor operator)
Alarm reset
Circuit-breaker reset (with motor operator)
Setting protection device curves and thresholds
Programming contact opening/closing
PR223EF
PR223EF: an advanced release with dialogue functions
ProtocolModbus RTU standard
EIA RS485
19200 bps
Data availableState of circuit-breaker: open-closed-tripped
Mode: local, remote
Protection parameters set
Measurement functions
AlarmsAlarms for protection: EF, L, S, I, G
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7Zone Selectivity
NEW PR223EF available on Tmax:
� T4L 250/320
� T5L 400/630
� T6L 630/800
� T7L 800/1600 (PR332)
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7PR223EF
Accessories – VM210 Voltage device
Allows voltage measurement functions up to 1000V
Measurement functionsPhase currents, neutral, earth [A]
Phase voltage (Y and Delta system) [V]
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7MAIN INSTALLATIONS� BIRKA PARADISE LINE
Delivered on 8 November 2004
Selectivity “Retrofit” January 2006 Main ParticularsLength 177.00 m
width 28.00 m
Tonnage GT 33,000
Passengers 1,800
Passenger cabins 738
Crew cabins 200
Machinery 23,400 kW
Speed 21 kn
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7MAIN INSTALLATIONS
� BIRKA PARADISE LINE� 690V 50kA
� 40 PR223EF installed
Distributionboards
MCC
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MAIN INSTALLATIONS (for internal use only)
� FREEDOM OF THE SEAS
The world´s largest and most innovative cruise ship
delivered on 24 April 2006
Main ParticularsLength 339 mWidth 38.6 mTonnage GT 158,000Passengers 3600Speed ca. 22 knotsMachinery 75,600 kW
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7MAIN INSTALLATIONS� TALLINK III
Delivered on 18 April 2006Main ParticularsLength 212 m
width 29.00 m
Tonnage GT 48,300
Passengers 2,800
Crew cabins 200
Machinery 26,240 kW
Speed 24.5 kn
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7MAIN INSTALLATIONS� New Treviso District Palace
On development
LV Distribution:
1000 Volt
Open ring network
Breakers with same sizeon the ring
U
500 m
LINE A I>
-QF18 I>
-QF19 I>
-QF20 I>
-QF21 I>
-QF23
-QF6 I>
-WC9
-QF12 I>
-QF13 I>
-QF14 I>
-WC4
-QF8 I>
-QF10 I>
-QF11 I>
I> I>
LINE B
150kW
500 m
260kW
250kW
235 m
500 m
-QF5
500 m
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7NEW APPLICATIONS� OPEN RING NETWORK - SW 210
I>
I>
I>
UpDown
UpDown Up
Down
Supply
I>
I>
I>Up
Down I>Up
DownI>
UpDown I>
A B C D FE
UpDown
I>Up
Down
E
Supply
I>Switchboard Switchboard Switchboard
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7
FEED
NEW APPLICATIONS� OPEN RING NETWORK �
SW 210
FEED
Fault
Interlock MODBUS + MOE-E
MODBUS
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7NEW OTHER APPLICATIONS
� Banks
� Data centers
� Airports
� Oil & gas
� Platforms on the sea
� Hospitals
� Heavy industries
� Mines…
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7
1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4s
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
Curva Tempo-Corrente
1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4s
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
Curva Tempo-Corrente
E3 2500
Zone selectivity ZS� Generator protection
Vn = 400 V �
E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI
Ik = 16.7 kA
T4N 250 PR223EF
E1B 800 PR122/P
E1B 800 PR122/P
E1B 800 PR122/P
WC
�� �� �� � � �� �
� �� �� � � � �� �
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1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4s
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
Curva Tempo-Corrente
E1 800
T4 250 PR223 In 250
E3 2500
Zone selectivity ZS
Vn = 400 V �
E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI
Ik = 16.7 kA
T4N 250 PR223EF
E1B 800 PR122/P
E1B 800 PR122/P
E1B 800 PR122/P
WC
�� �� �� � � �� �
� �� �� � � � �� �
� Generator protection
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1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4s
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
Curva Tempo-Corrente
E1 800
T4 250 PR223 In 250
E3 2500
1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4s
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
Curva Tempo-Corrente
E1 800
T4 250 PR222 In 250
E3 2500��
Zone selectivity ZS
Vn = 400 V �
E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI
Ik = 16.7 kA
T4N 250 PR223EF
E1B 800 PR122/P
E1B 800 PR122/P
E1B 800 PR122/P
WC
�� �� �� � � �� �
� �� �� � � � �� �
� Generator protection
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1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4s
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
Curva Tempo-Corrente
E1 800
T4 250 PR223 In 250
E3 2500
1E-2s
0.1s
1s
10s
100s
1E3s
1E4s
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
Curva Tempo-Corrente
E1 800
T4 250 PR222 In 250
E3 2500��
Zone selectivity ZS
Vn = 400 V �
E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI
Ik = 16.7 kA
T4N 250 PR223EF
E1B 800 PR122/P
E1B 800 PR122/P
E1B 800 PR122/P
WC
�� �� �� � � �� �
� �� �� � � � �� �
� Generator protection
BACK Return
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
� Selectivity between same-size breakers
T5 630
T4 250
T4 250
T4 250
T4 250
BACKReturn
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
� Size Reducing at 415V
Is = 10kA
T4 320
T1 160
T4 320
T1 160
Is = Total (36kA)
T5 400
T1 160
T1 160
T5 400
Is = Total (36kA)
T4L 320+
PR223EF
T4 320 +PR223EF
Trip Delay ON
T1 160
T1 160
BACK
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
� Size Reducing at 415V
Is = 25kA
T4 320
T2 160
T4 320
T2 160
Is = Total (85kA)
T5 400
T2 160
T2 160
T5 400
Is = 75kA
T4L 320+
PR223EF
T4 320 +PR223EF
Trip Delay ON
T2 160
T2 160
BACK
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7Zone selectivity EFDP
� Size Reducing at 415V
Is = 50kA
T5 630
T4 250
T5 400
T4 250
Is = Total (100kA)
T6 630
T4 250
T6 630
T4 250
Is = Total (120kA)
T5 400 +PR223EF
T4 250+PR223EF
T5 630+
PR223EF
T4 250 + PR223EF
BACK