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Chromatin Profiling Reveals Regulatory Network Shifts and a 2
Protective Role for HNF4A during Colitis 3
4 5
Sanjay Chahar1, Vishal Gandhi1, Shiyan Yu2, Kinjal Desai5, Richard Cowper-Sal·lari6, 6 Yona Kim1, Ansu O. Perekatt1, Namit Kumar1, Joshua K. Thackray1, Anthony Musolf1, 7 Nikhil Kumar1, A. Hoffman1, Douglas Londono1, Berta N. Vazquez1, Lourdes Serrano1, 8 Hyunjin Shin4, Mathieu Lupien6,7,8, Nan Gao2,3, Michael P. Verzi1,3,# 9
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1Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey and the Department of Genetics, Rutgers, the State 12 University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ; 2Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers, the State 13 University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ; 3Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey - Member 14 4Department of Translational Medicine, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Cambridge, 15 MA; 5Department of Genetics, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth Medical School, 16 Lebanon, NH, USA; 6The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre – University Health Network, 17 Toronto, ON, Canada; 7Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, 18 Canada; 8Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada 19 20 21 22 23 Short title: HNF4A protects against active inflammation 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Abstract, introduction, Results, Discussion, and figure legends = 29,842 characters; 4,948 words 32 Materials and Methods = 14,507 characters; 2,626 words 33 34 35 36 #Correspondence to: 37 Dr. Michael P. Verzi 38 145 Bevier Rd. 39 LSB 127 40 Piscataway, NJ 41 08854 42 732-445-1027 x40030 43 [email protected] 44 45 46 47
Chromatin Profiling Reveals Regulatory Network Shifts and a 49
Protective Role for HNF4A during Colitis 50 51 ABSTRACT 52 53 Transcriptional regulatory mechanisms likely contribute to the etiology of Inflammatory 54
Bowel Disease (IBD), as genetic variants associated with the disease are 55
disproportionately found at regulatory elements. However, the transcription factors 56
regulating colonic inflammation are unclear. To identify these transcription factors, we 57
mapped epigenomic changes in the colonic epithelium upon inflammation. Epigenetic 58
marks at transcriptional regulatory elements responded dynamically to inflammation and 59
indicated a shift in epithelial transcriptional factor networks. Active enhancer chromatin 60
structure at regulatory regions bound by the transcription factor HNF4A was reduced 61
during colitis. In agreement, upon an inflammatory stimulus HNF4A was down-regulated 62
and showed a reduced ability to bind chromatin. Genetic variants that confer a 63
predisposition to IBD map to HNF4A binding sites in the human colon cell line, CaCo2, 64
suggesting impaired HNF4A binding could underlie genetic susceptibility to IBD. 65
Despite reduced HNF4A binding during inflammation, a temporal knockout model 66
revealed HNF4A still actively protects against inflammatory phenotypes and promotes 67
immune regulatory gene expression in the inflamed colonic epithelium. These findings 68
highlight the potential for HNF4A agonists as IBD therapeutics. 69
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