chp5

Chapter 5System Software

Multiple Choice

1. Software that allows your computer to interact with the user, applications, and hardware is calleda) application softwareb) word processorc) system softwared) database softwareAnswer: CDifficulty level: EasyPage: 122Response: System software is used to accomplish these tasks.

2. Programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an interface between users

and the computer, and run applications are calleda) utilitiesb) operating systemsc) device driversd) language translatorsAnswer: BDifficulty level: MediumPage: 122Response: Operating systems are responsible for accomplishing these tasks.

3. Specialized programs that allow particular input or output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system are calleda) operating systemsb) utilitiesc) device driversd) language translatorsAnswer: CDifficulty level: MediumPage: 122Response: Device drivers are required to allow input and output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system.

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4. Also known as a service program, this type of program performs specific tasks related to managing computer resources.a) utilityb) operating systemc) language translatord) device driverAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 122Response: Utility programs perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources.

5. In order for a computer to understand a program, it must be converted into

machine language by a(n)__________.a) operating systemb) utilityc) device driverd) language translatorAnswer: DDifficulty level: HardPage: 122Response: Language translators convert programming instructions into a language that computers understand and process.

6. Which of the following is not a function of the operating system?a) manage resourcesb) Internet accessc) provide a user interfaced) load and run applicationsAnswer: BDifficulty level: MediumPage: 123Response: Operating systems do not provide Internet access.

7. The items that a computer can use in its functioning are collectively called itsa) resourcesb) stuffc) capitald) propertiesAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 123

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Response: Resources are programs that coordinate all of the computer’s resources.

8. Programs that coordinate all of the computer’s resources including memory, processing, storage, and devices such as printers are collectively referred to asa) language translatorsb) resourcesc) applicationsd) interfacesAnswer: BDifficulty level: MediumPage: 123Response: Resources are programs that collectively perform these tasks.

9. __________ refers to a computer’s ability to run more than one application at the same time.a) serial computingb) operating systemc) parallel computingd) multitaskingAnswer: DDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: Multitasking is the ability to switch between applications stored in memory.

10. “GUI” stands fora) Gnutella Universal Interfaceb) Graphic Uninstall/Installc) Graphical User Interfaced) General Utility InterfaceAnswer: CDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: GUI stands for graphical user interface.

11. Starting or restarting a computer is called a) booting the systemb) firing the systemc) tasking the systemd) restoring the systemAnswer: A

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Difficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: Starting or restarting a computer is called booting the system.

12. This type of boot occurs when the computer is already on, and you restart it without turning off the power.a) generic bootb) live bootc) warm bootd) cold bootAnswer: CDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: This type of boot is called a warm boot.

13. In a computer system, data and programs are stored asa) filesb) recordsc) archivesd) annalsAnswer: ADifficulty level: EasyPage: 124Response: Files are used to store data and programs.

14. In a computer system, related files are generally stored in the same

a) trackb) tablec) folderd) walletAnswer: CDifficulty level: EasyPage: 124Response: Related files are stored within a folder.

15. An embedded operating system would most likely be found in aa) desktop computerb) serverc) Web sited) PDAAnswer: DDifficulty level: Easy

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Page: 124Response: An embedded operating system would most likely be found in a PDA.

16. Which of the following is an operating system that would most likely be found on a handheld computer?a) Windows XPb) Windows NTc) Windows 2000d) Windows CEAnswer: DDifficulty level: EasyPage: 124Response: Windows CE would be the operating system found on a handheld computer.

17. To connect several computers together, one generally needs to be running a(n) __________ operating system.a) networkb) Internetc) stand-aloned) embeddedAnswer: ADifficulty level: EasyPage: 125Response: NOS are used to control and coordinate computers that are networked or lined together.

18. Popular network operating systems include all of the following excepta) NetWareb) Windows NT Serverc) Windows XP Serverd) Microsoft DOSAnswer: D Difficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Microsoft DOS is not a network operating system.

19. Windows and Macintosh are generally considered to be __________ operating

systems.a) network b) stand-alonec) embedded

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d) DOSAnswer: BDifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Windows and Macintosh are both considered as stand-alone operating systems.

20. Operating systems that are owned and licensed by a corporation are calleda) proprietary operating systemsb) server operating systemsc) client operating systemsd) stand-alone operating systemsAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Proprietary operating systems are owned and licensed by a corporation.

21. The objective of these operating systems is to encourage individuals to use, improve, and modify the programs.a) proprietary b) freewarec) sharewared) non-proprietaryAnswer: DDifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: This is the objective of non-proprietary operating systems.

22. This operating system is an example of an open source program.a) Linuxb) Windows XPc) Macintoshd) UNIXAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Linux is an open source operating system.

23. The most popular microcomputer operating system in use today isa) Microsoft Windowsb) Linuxc) UNIX

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d) MacintoshAnswer: ADifficulty level: EasyPage: 125Response: Microsoft Windows is the most popular microcomputer operating system in use today.

24. The latest version of Microsoft’s popular operating system is called a) Windows MEb) Windows 2000 Professionalc) Windows XPd) Windows NT WorkstationAnswer: CDifficulty level: EasyPage: 126Response: Microsoft’s latest version is Windows XP.

25. The first operating system developed that used GUI’s was bya) Microsoftb) Linuxc) Macintoshd) Bell labsAnswer: CDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: Macintosh developed the first operating system that used GUI’s.

26. The latest version of the Macintosh operating system isa) Mac OS IXb) Mac OS IXXc) Mac OS Vd) Mac OS XAnswer: DDifficulty level: EasyPage: 127Response: The latest version of the Macintosh operating system is Mac OS X.

27. Apple computers use which operating system?a) Windowsb) Be O/Sc) Linuxd) Macintosh

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Answer: DDifficulty level: EasyPage: 127Response: Apple computers use the Macintosh operating system.

28. The Macintosh tool for organizing files is calleda) Dockb) Sherlockc) Aquad) SandboxAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: The Macintosh tool for organizing files is called a dock.

29. If you were trying to locate a lost file on your Macintosh, which application would you use?a) Dockb) Sherlockc) Aquad) DiskCheckAnswer: BDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: Sherlock is a Mac OS X program used for searching.

30. This operating system was originally designed to run on minicomputers used in a network environment.a) Linuxb) UNIXc) Windowsd) Mac OS Answer: BDifficulty level: HardPage: 127Response: UNIX was originally designed to run on minicomputers in network environments.

31. Which of the following is the latest “flavor” of the UNIX operating system?a) Penguixb) Manimalc) Torvalix

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d) LinuxAnswer: D Difficulty level: HardPage: 127Response: Linux is the latest “flavor” of the UNIX operating system.

32. Which of the following is an example of non-proprietary software?

a) Windowsb) Macintoshc) Linuxd) MS Office 2000Answer: CDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: Linux is non-proprietary software.

33. This open source software is free and available from many sources.a) Windowsb) Macintoshc) Linuxd) NetWareAnswer: CDifficulty level: EasyPage: 127Response: Linux is available for free and from many sources.

34. Which of the following is NOT one of the alternatives to the Windows operating system? a) UNIXb) Macintoshc) NetWared) LinuxAnswer: C Difficulty level: EasyPage: 127Response: Linux is the most popular and powerful alternative to the Windows operating system. Mac OS is considered to be one of the most innovative operating systems. UNIX is used by powerful microcomputers and by servers on the Web.

35. What is the name of a utility that protects your computer against downloading malicious code?

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a) file compression programb) antivirus programc) backup programd) troubleshooting programAnswer: BDifficulty level: MediumPage: 128Response: Antivirus programs guard your computer system against viruses or other damaging programs.

36. To safely remove a program from your computer, you might want to use what

type of utility?a) backup programb) file compression programc) troubleshooting programd) uninstall programAnswer: DDifficulty level: EasyPage: 128Response: Uninstall programs allow you to safely and completely remove unneeded programs and related files.

37. Which of the following is a type of utility used to reduce the size of files to

increase the amount of available disk space?a) file compression programb) troubleshooting programc) antivirus programd) uninstall programAnswer: ADifficulty level: EasyPage: 128Response: File compression programs reduce the size of files so they require less storage space.

38. A utility that makes copies of files in case the originals are lost or destroyed is called a(n)a) troubleshooting programb) uninstall programc) backup programd) antivirus programAnswer: CDifficulty level: EasyPage: 128

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Response: Backup is a utility program that is used to make copies of files.

39. Which of the following Windows utilities will erase unneeded files?

a) Backup or Restore Wizardb) Disk Cleanupc) Disk Defragmenterd) All of the aboveAnswer: BDifficulty level: EasyPage: 130Response: Disk Cleanup is a trouble-shooting utility that identifies and eliminates nonessential files.

40. A concentric ring on a disk is referred to as aa) trackb) sectorc) tabled) segmentAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 131Response: A track is a concentric ring on a disk.

41. When files are broken up into small parts on a disk they are said to bea) fragmentedb) contiguousc) sectoredd) disbursedAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 131Response: Files are said to be fragmented into small parts and the parts are stored wherever space is available.

42. A collection of utility programs bundled and sold together is called a(n)

a) application suiteb) operating systemc) utility suited) system fileAnswer: CDifficulty level: MediumPage: 132

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Response: Utility suites combine several programs into one package.

43. In order for a peripheral to operate correctly, its __________ must be installed.

a) device driverb) user interfacec) Internet connectiond) none of the aboveAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 133Response: Each device has a device driver which needs to be installed.

44. Which one of the following would not be considered as a well-known utility suite?a) Windows XPb) eSafe Desktopc) McAfee Officed) Norton SystemWorksAnswer: ADifficulty level: MediumPage: 132Response: Windows XP is an operating system.

45. You can use what utility to update all of your device drivers at the same time?

a) Driver Updateb) Device Managerc) Driver Verification Service (DVS)d) Windows UpdateAnswer: DDifficulty level: EasyPage: 133Response: Windows Update can be used to update all of your device drivers at the same time.

True/False

46. System software consists of operating systems, utilities, device drivers, and language translators.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 122

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Response: System software consists of all of these items.

47. You can use a device driver to convert programming instructions written by programmers into a language that computers understand and process.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: MediumPage: 122Response: You would use a language translator to accomplish this task.

48. Device drivers are specialized programs designed to allow particular input or output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: Device drivers enable this to happen.

49. The items that a computer can use in its functioning are collectively called its

resources.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: MediumPage: 123Response: Programs coordinate all the computer’s resources to enable it to function properly.

50. Many older operating systems were originally developed using a GUI.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: Many older operating systems were developed using a character-based interface.

51. Almost all newer operating systems use a graphical user interface.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: Almost all newer operating systems use a GUI.

52. The ability to run more than one application at a time is known as multitasking.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: Easy

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Page: 123Response: Multitasking is the ability to run more than one application at a time and to switch between these applications.

53. Starting or restarting a computer is called tasking the system.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: Starting or restarting a computer is called booting the system.

54. A warm boot occurs when the computer is already on, and you restart it without turning off the power. Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: Warm booting occurs when the computer is already on.

55. PDA’s generally include a stand-alone operating system.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: EasyPage: 125Response: PDA’s would have an embedded operating system such as Windows CE or Palm OS.

56. In a computer system, documents and programs are stored as files.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 124Response: Files are used to store data and programs.

57. A standard desktop computer comes with an embedded operating system.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: EasyPage: 124Response: A handheld computer or PDA would come with an embedded operating system.

58. Linking two or more computers generally requires a network operating system.Answer: True Difficulty level: Easy

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Page: 124Response: Connecting computers together requires a network operating system.

59. Windows comes in a special embedded version for handheld computers called Windows CE.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: MediumPage: 124Response: Windows CE is a popular embedded operating system.

60. In a computer system, related documents are normally stored in the same file.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: EasyPage: 124Response: Related files are stored within folders.

61. In a network environment, the network server computer coordinates all

communications between the other computers.Answer: True Difficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Network servers are tasked with this function.

62. The operating system is often referred to as the software environment or platform. Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 125Response: The OS is often referred to with these terms.

63. Proprietary operating systems are often available for free from a variety of resources.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Proprietary operating systems are owned and licensed by corporations, and are not free.

64. Linux is an example of a non-proprietary operating system.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: Medium

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Page: 125Response: Linux is a non-proprietary operating system.

65. The objective of open source programs is to encourage individuals to use the software, improve it, and modify it to make it better.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Open source programs are designed with these objectives in mind.

66. Windows XP is an example of an open source software program.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Windows XP is not an open source software program.

67. The most popular microcomputer operating system today with over 80 percent of the market is Mac OS.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: EasyPage: 125Response: Windows is the most popular system with 80 percent of the market.

68. In Windows XP you can access all of your Windows programs, system settings, and documents by clicking on the Start menu.Answer: True Difficulty level: EasyPage: 126Response: The new Start Menu in Windows XP enables this functionality.

69. Apple computers generally use the Macintosh operating system.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 127Response: Apple computers use the Macintosh operating system.

70. On a Macintosh computer, you can use Sherlock to find lost files.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127

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Response: Sherlock is a search tool used on the Macintosh system.

71. On a Macintosh system, the desktop feature called Dock is used to organize files.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: Dock is a tool for visually organizing files on a Macintosh system.

72. The UNIX operating system was originally designed for PDA’s.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: The UNIX operating system was originally designed to run on minicomputers in network environments.

73. Linux can be considered as a type of UNIX operating system.

Answer: TrueDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: Linux is a type of UNIX operating system.

74. All versions of UNIX are non-proprietary operating systems.

Answer: False Difficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: Most versions of UNIX are proprietary operating systems. Linux is non-proprietary.

75. You can guard your computer against viruses using an antivirus program.

Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 128Response: Antivirus programs are used to guard your computer system against viruses.

76. Programs such as word processors are known as utilities.

Answer: FalseDifficulty level: MediumPage: 128

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Response: Utilities are specialized programs designed to make computing easier. Word processors are applications software.

77. A utility is a specialized program designed to make computing easier. Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 128Response: A utility is a specialized program designed to make computing easier.

78. You can safely remove programs from your computer by using a backup program.Answer: FalseDifficulty level: MediumPage: 128Response: You would use an uninstall program to remove programs from your computer.

79. File compression helps free up disk space on your computer’s hard drive.

Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 128 Response: File compression programs reduce the size of files so they require less storage space.

80. Troubleshooting programs can be used to recognize and correct problems.

Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 128Response: Troubleshooting programs recognize and correct problems, ideally before they become serious.

81. Running Disk Defragmenter can improve system performance.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 131Response: Disk Defragmenter is a utility program that locates and eliminates unnecessary fragments and rearranges files and unused disk space to optimize operations.

82. Norton SystemWorks is an example of a utility suite.

Answer: True

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Difficulty level: MediumPage: 132Response: Norton SystemWorks is an example of a utility suite.

83. A microprocessor is an example of a device that would require the user to install a

special program. Answer: FalseDifficulty level: HardPage: 133Response: Microprocessors do not require special device drivers to be loaded by the user.

84. Device drivers are specialized programs that allow particular input or output

devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: EasyPage: 133Response: Device drivers are special programs that recognize particular input and output devices.

85. A personal firewall is a program that monitors all inbound and outbound traffic to a computer system.Answer: TrueDifficulty level: HardPage: 135Response: A personal firewall is designed to do this.

Fill-In-The-Blank

86. __________ software consists of operating systems, utilities, device drivers, and language translators.Answer: System Difficulty level: EasyPage: 122Response: System software consists of all of these items.

87. A computer program is written in a programming language and then converted to

machine language by a(n) __________ translator.Answer: languageDifficulty level: Medium

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Page: 122Response: A language translator converts the programming instructions into a language that the computer understands and processes.

88. After a program is written, it must be run through a __________ translator before a computer is able to understand and process it.Answer: languageDifficulty level: MediumPage: 122Response: A language translator is used to convert the programming language so that the computer is able to understand and process it.

89. An _________ system is a collection of programs that handles many of the technical details related to using a computer.Answer: operatingDifficulty level: MediumPage: 123Response: An OS handles many of the technical details related to using a computer.

90. Many older operating systems used a __________ based interface in which users communicated with the operating system through written commands. Answer: characterDifficulty level: MediumPage: 123Response: Older systems used a character based interface.

91. __________ refers to a computer’s ability to run more than one application at the same time.Answer: MultitaskingDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123 Response: Multitasking is the ability to run more than one application at the same time, and switch among the applications.

92. In a multitasking environment, programs that you are currently working on are described as running in the __________.Answer: foregroundDifficulty level: MediumPage: 123Response: Programs currently being worked on are running in the foreground.

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93. A __________ boot requires starting a computer that has been turned off.Answer: coldDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: A cold boot requires starting a computer that has been turned off.

94. To start a program, you typically click on its __________, a small graphic meant to represent files and folders.Answer: iconDifficulty level: EasyPage: 123Response: Icons are graphic representations for a program to function.

95. Related files can be stored in the same __________ to help organize them.Answer: folderDifficulty level: EasyPage: 124Response: Related files are stored within a folder.

96. Documents, programs, spreadsheets, and graphics are all stored as __________.

Answer: filesDifficulty level: EasyPage: 124Response: Files are used to store data and programs.

97. Palm OS is one example of a(n) __________ operating system.Answer: embeddedDifficulty level: MediumPage: 124Response: Windows CE and Palm OS are both examples of embedded operating systems.

98. Connecting several computers together requires that one of them have a(n)

__________ operating system installed.Answer: networkDifficulty level: MediumPage: 124

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Response: NOS are used to connect several computers together.

99. A desktop or laptop computer is generally equipped with a(n) __________ operating system.Answer: stand-aloneDifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Desktop and laptop computers would be equipped with stand-alone operating systems.

100. When connected to a network server, any operating system becomes a

__________ operating system.Answer: clientDifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: The network server would be considered as the client operating system.

101. The operating system is often referred to as the software environment or ________.Answer: platformDifficulty level: HardPage: 125Response: The OS is often referred to as the software environment or platform.

102. Most operating systems are __________ operating systems in that they are owned and licensed by a corporation.Answer: proprietaryDifficulty level: HardPage: 125Response: Most operating systems are proprietary.

103. Linux is an example of a non-proprietary system in that its __________ code can be freely used, improved, and modified. Answer: sourceDifficulty level: MediumPage: 125Response: Linux’s source code can be freely used in this way.

104. The most popular microcomputer operating system today with over 80 percent of the market is __________.

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Answer: WindowsDifficulty level: EasyPage: 125Response: Microsoft’s Windows is the most popular operating system today and has over 80 percent of the market.

105. Microsoft’s first operating system, __________, contained a character-based

interface.Answer: DOSDifficulty level: HardPage: 126Response: Microsoft’s first operating system (DOS), provided a character-based interface.

106. In Windows XP, you can access your programs, settings, and documents by clicking on the new __________ menu button.Answer: StartDifficulty level: EasyPage: 126Response: Windows XP uses the new Start menu button.

107. Apple computers use the __________ operating system.Answer: MacintoshDifficulty level: EasyPage: 127Response: Apple computers use the Macintosh operating system.

108. Macintosh computers use a file search system called __________.

Answer: SherlockDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: Sherlock is a search tool that is used on the Macintosh systems.

109. You can organize your files using the Macintosh utility known as __________.

Answer: dockDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: Dock is a tool for visually organizing files on the Macintosh system.

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110. The __________ operating system was originally designed to run on minicomputers in network environments.Answer: UNIXDifficulty level: MediumPage: 127Response: UNIX is an operating system that was originally designed to run on minicomputers in network environments.

111. __________ is a free version of UNIX developed by Linus Torvalds.

Answer: LinuxDifficulty level: EasyPage: 127Response: Linux is a free version of UNIX and was developed by Linus Torvalds.

112. Software that protects against computer viruses is called __________ programs.

Answer: antivirusDifficulty level: EasyPage: 128Response: Antivirus programs guard your computer system against viruses.

113. __________ programs are specialized programs designed to make computing easier.Answer: UtilityDifficulty level: MediumPage: 128Response: Utility programs are designed to make computing easier.

114. To safely remove a program from your computer, it is best to use a(n)

__________ program.Answer: uninstallDifficulty level: EasyPage: 128Response: Use an uninstall program to safely remove programs from your computer.

115. File __________ programs reduce the size of files to free up disk space.

Answer: compressionDifficulty level: MediumPage: 128

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Response: File compression programs are used to reduce the size of files so they require less storage space.

116. You can track down and correct a problem with your computer by using a(n)

__________ program.Answer: troubleshootingDifficulty level: MediumPage: 128Response: Troubleshooting programs recognize and correct problems.

117. To save important files in case of disaster, use a(n) __________ program.

Answer: backupDifficulty level: MediumPage: 128Response: Backup programs help you protect your files from being lost.

118. Save copies of your important files by using the __________ utility in Windows.Answer: backupDifficulty level: EasyPage: 130Response: Backup utility should be used to save copies of important files.

119. To get rid of old, unneeded files, use the __________ utility.

Answer: Disk CleanupDifficulty level: MediumPage: 130Response: Disk Cleanup is a trouble-shooting utility that identifies and eliminates nonessential files.

120. On a disk, a __________ is a concentric ring.Answer: trackDifficulty level: HardPage: 131Response: Tracks are concentric rings.

121. When files cannot be saved on a single track across contiguous sectors, they are said to be __________ into small pieces.Answer: fragmentedDifficulty level: HardPage: 131

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Response: The files would be fragmented into small pieces.

122. Files are sometimes stored in small pieces. To reorganize them back into contiguous files, use the Disk __________ utility.Answer: DefragmenterDifficulty level: MediumPage: 131Response: Disk Defragmenter is a utility program that locates and eliminates unnecessary fragments and rearranges files and unused disk space to optimize operations.

123. A collection of bundled utility programs is called a(n) __________ suite.Answer: utilityDifficulty level: MediumPage: 132Response: Utility suites combine several programs into one package.

124. Utility suites can protect your computer system from dangerous programs called computer __________.Answer: virusesDifficulty level: EasyPage: 132Response: Utility suites can protect your computer against computer viruses.

125. Device __________ are specialized programs that allow a device to work.Answer: driversDifficulty level: EasyPage: 133Response: Device drivers are required to allow communication between the device and the rest of the computer.

Essay

126. What is the purpose of a language translator?Answer: Language translators take a program written in a language that a human can understand (like C++, Java, or countless others) and translate it into the binary machine language that computers can understand.Difficulty level: HardPage: 122

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127. What are the four basic types of system software?Answer: Operating systems, utilities, device drivers, and language translators.Difficulty level: HardPage: 123

128. What are the three basic functions of an operating system?Answer: The purpose of an operating system is to coordinate a computer’s resources, supply a user interface, and load and run applications.Difficulty level: MediumPage: 123

129. Describe the three categories of operating systems.Answer: Embedded operating systems are “hardwired” into devices such as PDA’s. Network operating systems are used to connect more than one computer together. Stand-alone operating systems control a single desktop or laptop computer. Difficulty level: HardPage: 124

130. What does the statement “An Operating System is set up like a filing cabinet”

mean?Answer: The data that composes a document, spreadsheet, or any other savable medium is referred to as a file. These files are then organized on the hard drive in a series of folders, just like a physical filing cabinet. Difficulty level: MediumPage: 124

131. What is meant by the term “client operating system?”Answer: A client operating system refers to the operating system of any computer that is connected to a network server. Difficulty level: MediumPage: 125

132. How are Windows and Macintosh similar? How are they different?Answer: Windows and Macintosh are similar in that they are both stand-alone operating systems that feature a colorful graphical user interface. They both feature a host of utilities and applications to organize user files and programs. However, Windows will run only on PC’s and Macintosh will run only on specially designed Apple computers. It is claimed that Macintosh is easier to use,

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but Windows is much more popular.Difficulty level: MediumPage: 125, 127

133. What are the five basic types of utility programs?Answer: Troubleshooting, Antivirus, uninstall, backup, and file compression. Difficulty level: MediumPage: 128

134. What does it mean if a disk is fragmented? How can you defragment it?Answer: Over time, the hard disk does not have enough free space to store a file in one location, so it stores the single file in several locations on the disk. The disk is referred to as being “fragmented.” You can defragment the drive by using the Windows utility Disk Defragmenter. Difficulty level: MediumPage: 131

135. You have hooked up your new printer. You have ensured that the connections are all correct, yet the printer is still not working. What is the most likely cause?Answer: You probably have not yet installed the device drivers, which allow the printer and the computer to communicate. Difficulty level: EasyPage: 133

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