Chordate Phylum Animal kingdom Subphylum Vertebrata Jawless Fish Cartilaginous Fish Bony Fish Amphibians Birds Mammals Reptiles.

Chordate Phylum

Animal kingdom

Subphylum Vertebrata

Jawless Fish

Cartilaginous Fish

Bony Fish

AmphibiansBirds

Mammals

Reptiles

Class AvesBirds

Biology 1

Power of Flight “ birds occupy a greater range of habitats than

any other class of organism, plant or animal”

The Power of Flight

• Birds-- “The most successful terrestrial vertebrates on earth”

Birds AKA-The Great Flying Machines

Adaptations for Flying

• Skeletal system (hollow bones, thin skull)• Integument -- Feathers• Respiratory System -- Air sacs

“supercharged” lungs • Excretory System -- no urinary bladder• Reproduction -- no live young • Digestive System -- gizzard eliminates the

need for jaws

Skeletal System

• Hollow bones-light but strong!

• Thin skull

Skeletal System

Feathers

• Contour feathers --used for flight– “networked design”

• Down feathers--used for warmth

Respiratory Systems

• Air sacs provide air movement through lungs

Air Sacs

Circulatory System

• 4 Chambered Heart

• Large heart size compared to body size

(40 to 100% larger than mammals the same size)

• Rapid heartbeat-- hummingbirds = 1000 beats/ minute

Hummingbirds

• 15-80 wing flaps in 1 second

• Courtship wind flaps go up to 200/ second (depending on species)

• 2,500-12,000 times per minute

4 Chambered Heart

Bird Blood Circulation

Digestive System

• Gizzard removes the need for jaw bones

• Rapid digestive system for extremely high energy needs

Reproductive System

• No live young

• Do not store eggs

Excretory System

• No urinary bladder

Adaptations for FlyingSummary

• Skeletal system (hollow bones, thin skull)

• Integument -- Feathers

• Respiratory System -- Air sacs “supercharged” lungs

• Excretory System -- no urinary bladder

• Reproduction -- no live young

• Digestive System -- gizzard eliminates the need for jaws

• Circulatory system – large heart, rapid beat..

Classification • Only members of the bird class have feathers

Common Birds of Sioux Falls

7th grade biology

American Robin

European Starling

Mallard Duck

Canada Goose

Black-capped Chickadee

House Sparrow

American Crow

Common Grackle

Crow vs. Grackle

Song Sparrow

Downy Woodpecker

Blue-Winged Teal

Northern Shoveler

Blue-winged teal

Northern Shoveler

Wood Duck

Northern Flicker

Great Blue Heron

Blue Jay

Cardinal

Bonus: Yellow-rumped Warbler

Common Birds of Sioux Falls

7th grade biology