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CHOITHRAM SCHOOL, MANIK BAGH, INDORE
ANNUAL CURRICULUM PLAN SESSION 2018 – 2019
CLASS: XII
SUBJECT: BIOLOGY
Month
&
Workin
g Days
Theme/ Sub-theme Learning Objectives Activities & Resources
Expected Learning
Outcomes
Assessment
Subject Specific
(Content Based)
Behavioural
(Application based)
March-
17
April-
20
Reproduction in Organisms
- Asexual and Sexual
reproduction,
Sexual reproduction in
flowering Plants - Pollination,
Fertilization, Development of
seeds,
Human Reproduction – Male
and female reproductive system,
Gametogenesis, , Fertilization,
Parturition,
Reproductive health –
prevention of STD, Birth control
methods, Medical termination of
Pregnancy, Amniocentesis,
Infertility and assisted
reproductive technologies.
Specific objectives Understand Basic
concept of sexual
and Asexual
reproduction
Learn about the
different ways of
Asexual
reproduction
Describe sexual
reproduction in
flowering plants
Understand process
of double
fertilization
Acquire knowledge
of Pre fertilization ,
fertilization and post
Students will develop scientific
temperament and inquisitiveness.
Students will analyze various
methods of asexual reproduction
Infer the effect of hormones for
the changes in human after
puberty .
.
Realize the role of hormones in
regulating the process of
spermatogenesis and oogenesis
Enumerate the applications of of
Assisted Reproduction
Technologies which assist
infertile couples to have children
.
Students will analyze various
phases of spermatogenesis and
oogenesis which helps in gamete
to prepare and study the
slide of pollen grain
germination
Different slides of
human gametes, mitosis
and meiosis
Understood the various
ways of asexual
reproduction
Describe the events
involved the process of
double fertilization in
plants
Application of Assisted
Reproduction
Technologies for
betterment of society
Develop Creativity,
Decision Making and
Logical thinking
Analyse and interpret the
role of different hormones
in the life span of the
organism.
Unit test
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fertilization events
Apply procedures
identify the pollen
grains
Acquire knowledge
of Male and Female
reproductive System
Learn and
understand on the
hormonal changes
during puberty
Disorders of the
reproductive system
Create awareness
regarding
Reproductive health
and Assisted
reproductive
technologies
formation, fertilization and
implantation
Students will develop decision
Making and logical thinking
Students will get awareness
regarding developments to over
come population explosion
Explore the importance of
reproduction in an
organism's life cycle as it
allows the organism to
pass its genetic
information on to the next
generation
Discuss the results of
asexual reproduction:
offspring that are
genetically identical to
their single parent
Discuss the results of
sexual reproduction:
offspring that are
genetically different from
both of their parents
Consider the evolutionary
advantages of the genetic
variation that comes from
sexual reproduction
Learn that complex
strategies that ensure
successful reproduction
have evolved over
thousands and sometimes
millions of years
Understand the basic
concepts of a cell and its
role in development and
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formation of an embryo.
Explain what stem cells
are and their potential
applications.
Describe the techniques
involved in creating,
maintaining and studying
stem cells.
Discuss social and ethical
issues and impact of stem
cell technology.
Describe the significance
of stem cell technology
and application in
medicine and public
health.
June-
10
Principles of Inheritance and
variation
Mendel’s Laws of
Inheritance
Inheritance of one gene
theory
Inheritance of two gene
theory
Sex determination
Mutation
Genetic disorder
Specific objectives
: Explain and
understand
Mendel’s
monohybrid and
dihybrid experiment
and draw the
different laws like
law of dominance,
independent
assortment, law of
segregation.
Behavioral objectives : Students
will be able to
Understand how the behaviour of
chromosomes during Meiosis.
Explain Mendel’s Laws of
Segregation and Independent
Assortment
Understand how inheritance
patterns are affected by position
on
chromosomes
To Study the pedigree
chart on the genetic
traits like widow’s peak,
Rolling tongue, Blood
group, color blindness
2.To prepare a pedigree
chart on any of the
genetic disease.
3.Study of Mendelian
inheritance using pea
seeds of different
Students have learnt to :
Illustrate the monohybrid
and dihybrid crosses.
Evaluate the phenotypic
and genotypic ratio in
different generation
Analyze and infer the
cause of blood groups.
Synthesize from the
concept of gene mutation
To prepare a pedigree
chart on any of the
genetic disease
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Understand and
express the
limitations of
Mendel’s
experiment.
Describe
Chromosomal
theory of
inheritance and will
understand how it
modified Mendel’s
limitations.
Understand ABO-
blood group and the
concept of
dominance, co-
dominance and
muliple allelism.
Understand the
concept of sex
determination and
the mutations which
leads to variation.
Understand the
location and
chemical
composition of
DNA.
Explain the process
of protein synthesis
Understand the similarities and
differences between how genetic
information is passed on in
eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Appreciate a new change
(evolution) can be due to
mutation which develops
adaptability according to the
environment.
Gain an appreciation for how
genes work together in biological
processe
Enumerate the chromosomal
changes during Gamete
formation
To explore the critical thinking
of the society that females are not
responsible for the sex of
offspring as man is
heterogametic and woman is
homogametic.
Sensitize that genetic disorders
occurs due to change in
chromosomal number,
chromosomal abbrebations and
mutations.
Appreciate a new change
(evolution) can be due to
colours and
Size.
some genetic disorders
can be cured by gene
transformations
Relate the chromosomal
abbrebations with real life
situation.
Apply quantitative
problem-solving skills to
genetics problems and
issues.
Demonstrate their ability
to reason both inductively
and deductively with
experimental information
and data.
Describe the chromsome
theory, molecular genetics
and quantitative and
evolutionary genetics.
Select and apply
experimental procedures
to solve genetic problems.
Describe the theory of
natural selection which
lead to evolution.
Explain how new species
arise.
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Understand the
Human Genomic
project which will
provide information
for various genetic
diseases and its
treatments.
Understand and
express the different
pattern of
sequencing of DNA
by the process of
DNA finger
printing.
Understand different
theories on
evolution.
mutation which develops
adaptability according to the
environment.
Infer the responsibility of genes
for various traits.
Construct a phylogenetic
tree.
Explain the mechanisms
which underlie evolution
at the molecular level.
Apply quantitative
problem-solving skills to
human genetics problems
and issues.
Evaluate biological
factors that influence
human heredity.
Demonstrate their ability
to reason both inductively
and deductively with
experimental information
and data.
Explain the molecular and
biochemical basis,
diagnosis and treatment of
genetic disease.
Select and apply
experimental procedures
to genetic screening.
July
22
Molecular basis of
Inheritance
The DNA
The search of Genetic
Understand the
location and
chemical
composition of
Appreciate the role of DNA to
initiate and guide the process of
protein synthesis.
1.Isolate DNA from
Plant material.
2.Classifying the
sequences into DNA,
Relate the
chromosomal
abbrebations with real
life situation.
Assignment
Unit test
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Material
RNA World
Replication
Transcription
Genetic code
Regulation of gene
expression
Human Genome Project
DNA Fingerprinting
Evolution
Origin of life
Evolution of Life Forms
Evidences of evolution
Adaptive radiation
Biological Evolution
Mechanism of Evolution
Hardy Weinberg
Principle
Brief Account of
evolution
Origin and evolution of man
DNA.
Explain the process
of protein synthesis
Understand the
Human Genomic
project which
provide information
for various genetic
diseases and its
treatments.
Understand and
express the different
pattern of
sequencing of DNA
by the process of
DNA finger
printing.
Understand different
theories on
evolution.
To explore the use of DNA
finger print technique to find out
variation in polulation, genetic
disorders.
They will be able to evaluate
the importance Human genome
project in preventing inherited
disease.
The learners could apply the
knowledge of evolution of
human beings by the molecular
study of analogous and
homologus organ in animals and
their anatomical evidences.
.
RNA and Protein.
3.Motif analysis of the
given sample.
4.To make
complementary
sequence of the given
nucleotide.
.
Study of analogous and
homologus organ in
various plants and
animals
The students will
understand the importance
of DNA in all activities
The students learnt how
DNA finger printing helps
in Forensic sciences
The learners learnt about
the human genomic
project which helped in
identifying and preventing
many hereditary disease
August
20
Human health and Diseases
Disease, Types of disease:
Understand the
meaning of disease
Learn to imbibe awareness,
concern, cleanliness to prevent
To observe the
permanent slides of
The students learnt about
the life cycle of malarial
parasite and the different
Draw the life cycle of
malarial parasite
showing the stages at in
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Congenital and acquired,
common diseases(pneumonia,
common cold, malaria,
ascariasis), Immunity,
Development of immunity, types
of immunity, vaccination, kinds
of defence mechanism, external
defence, internal defence –
cellular and cytokine barrier,
Addiction (tobacco, alcohol,
drugs)
Strategies for enhancement in
food production
Strategies for enhancement in
food production, Animal
husbandry(Dairy, Poultry, Bee,
Fisheries), plant breeding
(hybridization, genetic
engineering, tissue culture)
Microbes in Human
Welfare
Microbes in human welfare in
house hold, industrial,
antibiotics, sewage treatment
Understand and
classify the disease
into congenital-
since birth (gene
mutation,
chromosomal
aberrations,
environmental
factors- first two are
transmitted to
children where as
environmentally are
not) or acquired
(after birth-
communicable or
non communicable)
. communicable –
infectious spread
through pathogens
and non-
communicable- non
infectious (organ ic
disease, deficiency
disease, hypo or
hyper secretion of
hormones, allergies
and cancer, AIDS)
Understand and
explain about
different diseases its
cause, causative
agents, symptoms,
themselves from different
pathogenic diseases.
Sensitize that genetic disorders
occurs due to change in
chromosomal number,
chromosomal aberrations and
mutations.
Inculcate self control,
determination to keep away from
social diseases like, smoking,
drinking, drugs etc.
Analyze that productivity in farm
animals are due to care and
safety, personal hygiene.
Apply knowledge of tissue
culture in saving the exotic plants
.
Appreciate the useful use of
microbes in day to day life.
To explore the critical thinking
of the society that microbes are
not always bane but act as boon
in our daily life.
disease causing
organisms like Acaris,
Ent amoeba,
Plasmodium, Round
worm and write the
symptoms of the disease.
2. To visit sewage
treatment plant to
observe and understand
about the primary and
secondary treatment
using microbes.
To visit a Dairy Farm to
observe and understand
more on dairy farming
Video on tissue culture
to save exotic plants
stages of life cycle it
completes in different
host
Students learnt to prevent
themselves from different
diseases by observing
signs and symptoms.
Analysed different
strategies in the
improvement in food
production.
Synthesize some genetic
disorders can be cured by
genetic transformations.
The learners understood
that chromosomal
abbrebation can lead to
genetic disease.
Learnt the way to
conserve the exotic plants
by tissue culture
The learners understood
the role of microbes in
sewage treatment,biogas
production, preparation of
antibiotics, biofertilizers
enzymes etc.
different host
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y
life cycle,
preventive
measures.
Explain about
immunity its type :
inborn or acquired.
Inborn is
accomplished by
providing different
types of barriers –
physical,
physiological,
cellular and
cytokine.
Acquired- Active
and passive.
Understand the
concept of
Addiction and
explain different
social disease like,
smoking, drinking,
drugs
Describe the ways
by which
productivity can be
increased through
plant breeding and
Animal husbandry
Understand and
express the benefits
of bacteria in
probiotics,
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antibiotics,
industrial and
sewage treatment.
Septem
ber-17
Principles of Biotechnology
Tools for recombinant DNA
Technology
Process of Recombinant DNA
technology
Biotechnology and its
Application
Principles and process of
Biotechnology
Genetic engineering
Biotechnological
application in
Agriculture
Biotechnological
Application in Medicines
Transgenic Animals &
Ethical Issues
Understand Basic
concept of genetic
engineering
Learn basic tools of
rDNA technology
Describe restriction
enzymes, cloning
vecto
Understand
procedures, to
transfer rDNA into
host cell,
Apply procedures to
identify
recombinants,
Acquire knowledge
of DNA sequencing,
Enumerate the
applications of PCR.
Understand
techniques of
isolating, purifying
and manipulating
the DNA.
Learn methods of
gene sequencing
and DNA
fingerprinting
Students will appreciate the DNA
manipulation technique for
welfare
Students will develop scientific
temperament and inquisitiveness.
Students will analyze various
methods of genetic engineering
for improving standard of living
Students will get awareness
regarding developments in
recombinant DNA technology
yielded numerous new useful
products in the fields of
healthcare and agriculture
Value the ethical concerns
regarding manipulation of DNA
and learn care and safety.
Illustrating the examples like
insulin, Hepatitis B vaccine etc
developed by using this
technique playing important role
in improving health
learn to use various safety
measures while using
instruments like laminar air flow
bench, centrifuges, autoclave, hot
air oven
Students will inculcate the
.
To Prepare vinegar from
fruit peels by the process
of fermentation
To determine the action
of salivary amylase in
carbohydrates/starch at
different pH and
temperature
To isolate DNA from
fruit samples
1.Study the effect of
antibiotics on
microorganism
2.Study of drug
resistance in bacteria
using antibiotics.
The students learnt the
process of r-DNA
technology
The learners understood
how the technology is
used in the large scale
production of antibiotics,
enzymes etc in industries
The students learnt about
the different techniques
which could be applied to
transfer the genes.
The students learnt about
the gene therapy which
enabled the medical
scientist to replace the
defective gene responsible
for hereditary disease.
List out tools used for
gene exploration
Describe the events
involved in generating
recombinant DNA
molecule
properties of restriction
enzymes, Choice of host
To determine salivary
amylase at different pH
and temperature
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applications of DNA
fingerprinting in solving parental
disputes, crime cases,
archaeological research and
prenatal diagnosis
Students will develop creativity,
decision Making and logical
thinking
To acquaint students with
different applications of
biotechnology in everyday life.
Describe current biotechnology
in relation to vaccine
development, treatment and
improved diagnostics of these
diseases.
Identify challenges of epidemics
of sexually transmitted diseases
to economy, public health
system, individuals, and society
at large.
.
cell
Use various safety
measures while using
instruments like laminar
air flow bench,
centrifuges, autoclave, hot
air oven
Use of restriction enzyme
in DNA and
transformation in bacteria
Isolation of plasmid DNA
Analysis through southern
hybridization technique
Application of PCR in
DNA fingerprinting,
Creativity, Decision
Making and Logical
thinking how and where
to implement this so that it
is only use for betterment
of society and
environment
Describe biocatalysis,
pathway engineering,
bioprocess control and
downstream processing.
Demonstrate their ability
to reason both inductively
and deductively with
experimental information
and data.
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Explain the theory and
practice of recombinant
DNA technology.
Select and apply
experimental procedures
to the spectrum of fields
making use of
biotechnology
Evaluate separations
systems for cell separation
and purification of
intracellular and secreted
compounds from bacterial
and animal cell culture
Month &
Working Days
Theme/ Sub-
theme
Learning Objectives Activities & Resources
Expected Learning
Outcomes
Assessment
Subject Specific
(Content Based)
Behavioural
(Application based)
October-11 Locomotion
and Movement
Types of
movement - ciliary,
flagellar, muscular;
skeletal muscle-
contractile proteins
and muscle
contraction;
skeletal system and
its functions;
joints; disorders of
muscular and
skeletal system -
To understand
different types of
bones associated
with various
movement
To make them
aware of the
mechanism of
muscle contraction
Skeletal System
To explore the
working of various
To apply the learning to
determine the effect of
contractile proteins and
Ca+2 in muscle
contraction.
Able to differentiate
between male and
female bone.
Able to evaluate tetany,
muscular dystrophy,
arthritis, osteoporosis,
gout
1.Study of different types of bones
and cartilage of human body by
models and human skeleton.
2.To identify different bones of skull
vertebral column, sternum, girdles,
Forelimb and Hind limb from the
human skeleton and comment on it.
3. Role play of synovial joints with
various day to day life activities.
Identify and describe the
functions of the skeletal
system.
Distinguish between long
bones, short bones, flat
bones, and irregular bones
and provide an example of
each.
Identify the parts of a
typical long bone. .
Identify all the bones of
the appendicular skeleton
Half yearly
.Study of different types
of bones and cartilage of
human body by models
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myasthenia gravis,
tetany, muscular
dystrophy, arthritis,
osteoporosis, gout.
joints
To understand the
cause of different
Muscular
Disorders
on a model and on a real
human skeleton with
identification of individual
structures within those
bones
Identity the bones of the
skull on a real human skull
and a model
Compare differences
between male and female
skeletons, and differences
between the bones of
individuals at different
ages
Diagnose specific types of
bone fractures on X-ray
images
Describe and diagnose
disorders of the skeletal
system
Reconstruct a skeleton
from disarticulated bones
(Lab)
Summarize the
microscopic structure of
skeletal muscle tissue and
the sliding filament model
of muscle contraction.
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Describe the structure and
function of the
neuromuscular junction.
Describe the roles of
calcium (Ca2+
) and ATP in
muscle contraction
List the major risk factors
for osteoporosis and its
prevention.
November-15
Neural control
and Coordination
Neuron and nerves;
Nervous system in
humans - central
nervous system;
peripheral nervous
system and visceral
nervous system;
generation and
conduction of
nerve impulse;
reflex action;
sensory perception;
sense organs;
elementary
structure and
functions of eye
and ear.
Draw and label the
major parts of the
brain and spinal
cord and explain
their functions;
Learn and
understand about
different types of
neuron, CNS and
PNS; somatic and
autonomic motor
neurons.
Understand the
structure of a
neuron, a nerve
and describe the
conduction of
impulse through a
nerve fibre and
across the
synapse;
Able to evaluate how
information passes from
one neuron to another.
Analyze how an action
potential is generated
and propagated
Summarize how
alcohol, nicotine, drugs,
cocaine, heroin, and
marijuana affect the
nervous system.
Recall
the components
of the
urogenital systems,
classify
their control by the
autonomic
nervous system, and
differentiate the
similarities and
Different activities to observe
the reflex action in day to day
life eg; by observing sudden
with drawl of finger or hand
with hot, cold water or
pointed objects, jerking of
knee when hit below knee
cap.
Closing of eye when strong
light is suddenly focused on it.
Watering of mouth by seeing
delicious food.
To study the defects of eye by
making ray diagram of
myopia (short sight) and
hypermetropia (long sight)
-To draw T.S. of Cochlea and
Eye
Differentiate among
afferent, efferent, and inter
neurons; CNS and PNS;
somatic and autonomic
motor neurons.
Describe the structure of a
typical neuron and indicate
the function(s) of each of
its parts.
Explain what is meant by
resting membrane potential
and depolarization and
understand how they are
associated with
transmission of a nerve
impulse.
Know the two kinds of
gated membrane channels
and how they are
Spotting
Unit Test
Assignment
To draw T.S. of Cochlea
and Eye
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To explore about
Reflex Action and
Arc and analyze
critically its
involvement with
day to day life.
List the visual
pathways of the
eye and study the
mechanism of
Sensory Reception
and Processing.
Describe the
pathway that leads
to hearing.
comprehend the
role of sensory
receptors in
humans in
converting
different forms of
energy into nerve
impulses.
Describe the
structure of a
sensory neuron
and a motor
neuron, and
outline their
functions in a
reflex arc.
differences of the male
and female
p elvis and perineum.
Able to analyse how
rods and cones in eye
helps in identifying
different colours.
Able to analyse and
interpret the cause of
different hormonal
diseases
associated with ion
movement through a cell
membrane.
Understand how an action
potential is transmitted
along a nerve and why it
spreads only in one
direction.
Understand the importance
of a chemical transmission
of the nervous impulse
across synapses.
Identify the chemical(s)
and describe the events
associated with
transmission of a nerve
impulse across a
neuromuscular junction.
Know the primary
divisions of the human
brain and the function of
each.
Understand the anatomical
and associative
organization of the human
cerebral cortex.
Understand how the brain
controls higher functions
Page 15
Chemical
Coordination and
Integration
Endocrine glands
and hormones;
Describe and
explain the
transmission of an
action potential in
a myelinated
neuron. (The
importance of
sodium and
potassium ions in
the impulse
transmission
should be
emphasised.)
Outline the roles
of synapses in the
nervous system in
determining the
direction of nerve
impulse
transmission, and
in allowing the
interconnection of
nerve pathways
Analyse and
interpret the cause
of different
hormonal diseases
Sequence the
order of urinary
structures that
reflect the
pathway of urine.
Identify and describe
the effects of the
hormones that are
released by the anterior
pituitary gland.
Brain Storming Activity –
Name the hormone
like learning and memory.
Describe the structure of
the spinal cord and the
peripheral nervous system.
Understand how a
monosynaptic reflex arc is
organized and functions.
Describe the two systems
associated with the
antagonistic control of the
autonomic nervous system
and identify the
neurotransmitter(s)
associated with each.
Analysed the concept of
reflex action, voluntary and
involuntary actions and
could apply in real life
situation
Page 16
human endocrine
system -
hypothalamus,
pituitary, pineal,
thyroid,
parathyroid,
adrenal, pancreas,
gonads;
mechanism of
hormone action
(elementary idea);
role of hormones
as messengers and
regulators, hypo -
and hyperactivity
and related
disorders;
dwarfism,
acromegaly,
cretinism, goiter,
exophthalmic
goiter, diabetes,
Addison's disease.
State the chief
symptom(s),
cause(s) and
treatment(s) for
the following
malfunctions:
nephritis, kidney
stones, & kidney
failure.
Infer the effect of
hormones for the
changes in human
after puberty
Appreciate the
role of hormone to
cope stress.
Realize the role of
plant hormones in
regulating the
process of
phototropism,
geotropism,
hydrotropism,
chemotropism etc.
Illustrate examples
from daily life to
relate the effect of
hormones on
living system.
Know what stimulates
their production and
where they are
produced.
Understand how the
regulation of GH, PRL,
and MSH differs from
that of TSH, ACTH,
LH, and FSH.
Describe and give an
example of negative
feedback inhibition in
the endocrine system
Know which hormones
are produced by the
thyroid and its function
Analyse and interpret
the role of different
hormones and its
secretion in the life
span of the organism.
Locate various
endocrine glands in the
body like pituitary,
thyroid, parathyroid,
thymus, adrenals,
pancreas and
reproductive organs in
humans and mention
The students were asked to do case
studies related to hormonal deficiency
like thyroid, insulin
Analyse and interpret the
role of different hormones
and its secretion in the life
span of the organism.
Interpret and describe
various plant movements
with phytohormones.
Locate various endocrine
glands in the body like
pituitary, thyroid,
parathyroid, thymus,
adrenals, pancreas and
reproductive organs in
humans and mention their
functions
relate the hormonal
imbalance with hormone
related disorders in
humans;
Understand the
coordination in plants-
Hormones and
Movements.
Assignment
Page 17
Learn to imbibe
positive qualities
of others and
ignore the
negative one
their functions
relate the hormonal
imbalance with
hormone related
disorders in humans;
Understand the
coordination in plants-
Hormones and
Movements are
involved with the
regulation of blood
glucose.
Dec-6 Transport in
Plants
Movement of
water, gases and
nutrients; cell to
cell transport,
Diffusion,
facilitated
diffusion, active
transport; plant-
water relations,
Imbibition, water
potential, osmosis,
plasmolysis;
distance transport
of water -
Absorption,
To make them
familiar with
various terms of
transportation in
plants
To make them
understand about
the long distance
transport of water
through
transpiration pull
or capillary action.
To make them
understand the
concept of
Transpiration and
To make them link the
importance of uptake
and transport of
Mineral nutrients to the
leaf with the process of
photosynthesis.
evaluate how water and
minerals move upward
through the xylem and
how water balance
keeps plants upright.
Learners can analysed
why some plants may
die when their roots are
submerged, in water for
longer time.
To study Osmosis (endosmosis and
exosmosis) using potato osmometer.
To study plasmolysis and de-
plasmolysis in cells
To determine the imbibitions
percentage in raisins
Demonstration of path of ascent of
sap.
Demonstration of root pressure.
To observe the rate of transpiration in
upper and lower surface of leaves
Understand how water and
minerals move upward
through the xylem and how
water balance keeps plants
upright.
Explain the roles of
transpiration and “pushing”
from water pressure in
roots relative to water and
mineral movement in the
xylem.
Will be able to
comprehend the roles of
plasmodesmata and
aquaporins
Page 18
apoplast, symplast,
transpiration pull,
root pressure and
guttation;
transpiration,
opening and
closing of stomata;
Uptake and
translocation of
mineral nutrients -
Transport of food,
phloem transport,
massflow
hypothesis;
diffusion of gases
relate it with other
physiological
process like
photosynthesis
To make them link
the importance of
uptake and
transport of
Mineral nutrients
to the leaf with the
process of
photosynthesis.
To make them
understand and
analyze the mode
of transportation
of food through
Phloem
Evaluate the role
of the endodermis
and the Casparian
strip in
maintaining
turgidity of roots.
Students will
understand how
the forces of
adhesion and
cohesion and the
process of
transpiration aid in
Describe the relationship
between osmosis, energy,
and water potential and the
various physical forces that
are involved in water
potential. Relate root
pressure to guttation.
Explain the relationships
among water potential,
solute potential, and
pressure potential.
Explain the role of the
endodermis and the
Casparian strip.
Can infer why root hairs
are usually turgid
Describe the factors that
regulate the rate of
transpiration. Include the
following factors in your
answer: epidermis,
stomata, CO2, sun, K+,
humidity, proton pumps,
abscisic acid, water
potential, light. What other
factors are involved.
Explain why some plants
may die when their roots
are submerged, that is,
flooded, for long periods of
Page 19
the transportation
of water through
the plant.
Students will
recognize the form
and function of
stomata.
time. What adaptations
allow plants to live in fresh
water? In salt water?
Explain why phloem
transport is considered a
bidirectional process. What
is phloem loading?
What transport process is
primarily responsible for
transport in the phloem?
Jan-22 Mineral Nutrition
Essential minerals,
macro- and
micronutrients and
their role;
deficiency
symptoms; mineral
toxicity;
elementary idea of
hydroponics as a
method to study
mineral nutrition;
nitrogen
metabolism,
nitrogen cycle,
biological nitrogen
fixation
To explain and
make them
understand about
different Plant
growth regulators
and their function
To make them
analzse growth
and development
with different
growth regulators
and its importance
in day to day life.
To make them
differentiate
between
Photoperiodism
Vernilisation
Learners will be able to
apply and
explain the functions of
minerals with
reference to the
techniques of hydr
oponics
and aer oponic
Analyse various
deficiency symptoms of
macro and micro
nutrients
Analyze the factors
affecting plant growth
and importance of
growth regulators;
Differentiate among
To make a slide of bacterial root
nodule and observe and draw the cell.
Demonstration of hydrophonics
growth system by providing nutrient
solution.
To collect different leaves from
school garden/house garden/road side
and relate the deficiency symptom if
any by nutrient deficiency of
particular element.
Understand the importance
of nutrients for plant
growth
Understand the roles and
deficiency symptoms
associated with
macronutrients and
micronutrients
Understand the importance
of Hydroponics and
nutrient solution
Understand the importance
of soil characters with
respect to nutrient
availability
Learn about migration of
nutrients towards the
Page 20
short-day plants, long-
day plants and day-
neutral plants;
Identify the effects of
salt stress and water
stress on plants;
Analyze various types
of movement like
geotropism,
phototropism, nastic
and
turgor movements
rhizosphere
Understand and be able to
discuss the metabolic
pathway for the catabolism
Jan Cell
Cell, Cell Theory,
Overview of cell,
prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic cell
To make them
comprehend and
to connect with the
earlier
understanding s
about the cell and
its organelle
To make them
understand about
the Cell theory and
its different
Discoveries and
inventions of Cell
To make them
differentiate
between
prokaryotic and
To emphasized on
development of skills
like observational and
experimental and
inculcating values like
division of labor and
team work (as all the
organelles divide the
work among themselves
), leadership(as nucleus
work as controlling
unit), obedience (as all
organelles obey the
command of controlling
unit)
Students will be able to
identify that cuts and
wound heals due to the
process of cell division
They will be sensitized
To observe the different stages of
meiosis through permanent slides
To prepare the onion root tip slide
and to observe different stages of
mitosis
1. Learner learnt and
understood about cell and
structural organization of
cell.
2. Skills like observational
and experimental were
developed in the students
and values like division of
labor and team work (as all
the organelles divide the
work among themselves),
leadership (as nucleus
work as controlling unit),
obedience (as all
organelles obey the
command of controlling
unit) were inculcated
among the students.
3. Students were able to
identified that cuts and
Assignment
Page 21
eukaryotic;
unicellular and
multicellular
To make the
students able to
understand about
totipotent cell and
its various
application in day
to day life
and will be able to
apply their knowledge
that genetic disorder
cannot be cured.
They will be analyzing
that formation of one
organelle facilitates the
formation of other
organelle which will
inculcate the value of
coordination.
They will interpret and
will be able to share
their opinion on
evolution of self
autonomous organelles
like- Mitochondria and
chloroplast
wound heals due to the
process of cell division
4. They were sensitized
that genetic disorder
cannot be cured.
5. They were able to
analyze that formation of
one organelle lead the
formation of other
organelle which inculcated
the value of coordination,
obedience etc.
6. Students ability were
enhanced to understand the
mechanism of different
organelles with reference
to their importance in vital
role of life
Jan Biomolecules,
Students will be
able to
To make them
understand about
the Primary and
Secondary
metabolites
To make them
understand about
the structure and
function of
different Bio
macromolecules
The students will be
able to The students
will be able to
understand the structure
of carbohydrate protein
and fat
Analyse on the food
labels, what do sugar or
sugar alcohol, and fiber
refer to?
Compare the structure
and function of the
Test the presence of protein fat and
carbohydrate in food samples
To prove heat destroys the activity of
enzymes and not the catalyst.
2. to prove that change of pH inhibits
the enzyme activity.
Learn the elements present
in biomolecules and the
difference between
monomers and polymers.
Explain the role of water in
synthesis and breakdown
of polymers.
List the four major
complex biomolecules
found in living cells, three
of which are found on food
labels and the basis for
grouping of biomolecules
into those four groups.
Page 22
and enzymes
To relate the
function of
biomolecules and
enzymes in day to
day life
List some
inorganic
substances and
mineral elements
in cell
Explain the
structure function
of carbohydrate
Compare primary
secondary and
tertiary structure
of proteins
Discuss the
structure and
function of DNA
and RNA
following
carbohydrates and
where they are found:
glucose, glycogen,
starch, cellulose, chitin.
Explain protein
denaturation and the
effect of heat on protein
structure and function.
Lipids: Identify their
chemical elements and
learn their property of
insolubility in water. o I
For each group of
biomolecules learn the
name of its generic
monomer (simple unit) and
polymer (complex
structure) and their
function.
Identify their chemical
elements of carbohydrate
and the differentiate
between simple sugars and
complex carbohydrates.
Proteins: Identify their
chemical elements and
functional groups
.Recognize the structure of
an amino acid and the
peptide bond that connects
di-, tri, and polypeptides.
Recognize the presence of
20 amino acids and that not
all are essential amino
acids.
Summarize the function of
proteins and recognize the
importance of the three
dimensional shape of a
protein on its function and
the role of non-covalent
bonds in maintaining the
shape of a protein.
Cell Dvision Students will be To emphasized on Students observed various List the four stages of Assignment
Page 23
able to
Explain the terms
Cell Cycle and
Cell Division
Describe the
various stages of
Mitosis and
Meosis
List the
significance of
Mitosis and
Meosis
development of skills
like observational and
experimental and
inculcating values like
division of labor and
team work (as all the
organelles divide the
work among themselves
), leadership(as nucleus
work as controlling
unit), obedience (as all
organelles obey the
command of controlling
unit)
Students will be able to
identify that cuts and
wound heals due to the
process of cell division
They will be sensitized
and will be able to
apply their knowledge
that genetic disorder
cannot be cured.
They will be analyzing
that formation of one
organelle facilitates the
formation of other
organelle which will
inculcate the value of
coordination.
They will interpret and
stages of cell division by
observing the slides of mitosis
interphase, and describe
the major events that occur
during each stage in
preparation for cell
division.
Describe the difference
between mitosis and
cytokinesis.
List the checkpoints that
regulate the progression of
cells through the cell cycle.
Explain the mechanisms
within the G1 cell cycle
checkpoint that evaluate
growth signals, determine
nutrient availability, and
assess DNA integrity.
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Describe the structure of a
eukaryotic chromosome.
Define chromosome and
chromatid.
Explain how a
chromosome is duplicated.
List the phases of mitosis
in a eukaryotic cell, and
discuss the major events
Page 24
will be able to share
their opinion on
evolution of self
autonomous organelles
like- Mitochondria and
plasmid
that happen during each
phase.
Compare and contrast
cytokinesis in animal and
plant cells.
Explain the difference
between therapeutic and
reproductive cloning of
animals.
The Cell Cycle and
Cancer
List the characteristics of
cancer cells.
Describe how mutations in
oncogenes and tumor
suppressor genes
contribute to cancer.
Prokaryotic Cell Division
Describe the process of
binary fission.
Contrast the roles of cell
division in unicellular
versus multicellular
organisms.
Page 25
Plant - Growth
and Development
Seed germination;
phases of plant
growth and plant
growth rate;
conditions of
growth;
differentiation,
dedifferentiation
and
redifferentiation;
sequence of
developmental
processes in a plant
cell; growth
regulators - auxin,
gibberellin,
cytokinin,
ethylene, ABA;
seed dormancy;
vernalisation;
photoperiodism
To make the
student understand
about growth and
Development
To make them
comprehend the
above concept and
relate it with
Differentiation,
Dedifferentiation
and Re-
differentiation
To explain and
make them
understand about
different Plant
growth regulators
and their function
To make them
analzse growth
and development
with different
growth regulators
and its importance
in day to day life.
To make them
differentiate
between
Photoperiodism
Differentiate between
growth and
development and
explain growth curve;
Analyze the factors
affecting plant growth
and importance of
growth regulators;
Differentiate among
short-day plants, long-
day plants and day-
neutral plants;
Identify the effects of
salt stress and water
stress on plants;
Analyze various types
of movement like
geotropism,
phototropism, nastic
and
turgor movements
To observe phototrophism in plants.
To observe chemotrophism –growth
of pollen tube in stigma
To observe the effect of plant growth
regulators auxin* and gibberlin* in
plant growth.
Auxin- Surface sterilized seeds
allowed to germinate in moist filter
paper. When roots of seedlings
become 1cm in length root length is
measured. Half seedling are grown in
test solution containing auxin and half
normally in moist soil. Length of the
root will be observed after 48 hrs.
Evaluate differentiation,
defifferentiation and
redifferentiation by
observing the different
plant tissue and organs.
Analyse the effect of
different growth regulators
in the life cycle
Understand about
photoperiodism and
vernilisation
Analyse the different tropic
movements in plants in day
to day life
Assignments
Page 26
and vernalization
Restate the
conditions
necessary for seed
germination
Explain the mode
of phytohormones
Explain various
types of tropic
movement
Feburary-6 Revision