42 Ali O. Al-Qarni Udhailiyah Brian Ault Roger Heckman Sam McClure Ultra Englewood Stan Denoo Wayne Rowe Englewood David Fairhurst Bruce Kaiser Dale Logan Alan C. McNally Louis Dreyfus Mark A.Norville Milton R. Seim Kerns Lee Ramsey Al Khobar Usman Ahmed Kamei Bennaceur Leo Burdylo Mo Cordes steve Neumann Englewood Paul DeBonis Joe Lima AIT CMR CMR-Plus CNL DataFRAC DESIGN-EXECUTE-EVALUATE DSI ECS ELAN FMI FracCADE NODAL PowerJet QLA RFT UltraJet 20,000 [1] [2] [3] 3D DataFRAC
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42
Ali O. Al-Qarni
Udhailiyah
Brian AultRoger HeckmanSam McClureUltra
Englewood
Stan DenooWayne Rowe
Englewood
David Fairhurst
Bruce Kaiser
Dale Logan
Alan C. McNallyLouis Dreyfus
Mark A.NorvilleMilton R. SeimKerns
Lee RamseyAl Khobar
Usman Ahmed KameiBennaceur Leo Burdylo Mo Cordes steveNeumann Englewood PaulDeBonis Joe Lima
AIT CMRCMR-Plus CNL DataFRAC
DESIGN-EXECUTE-EVALUATEDSI ECS
ELAN FMIFracCADE
NODAL PowerJet QLA RFTUltraJet
20,000 [1]
[2]
[3]
3D
DataFRAC
432000/2001
20
2313
42%
PowerSTIM
1.
PFP
2. Hydraulic Fracturing Survey of Industry Practices1995
3. Economides J Nolte KG: Reservoir Stimulationohn Wiley & Sons
2000
PowerSTIM
44
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• • DataFRAC
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• • • • 3D
•
• •
•
PowerSTIM
>PowerSTIN
PowerSTIM
PowerSTIM
PowerSTIM
PowerSTIM
NMR[4] CMR
NMR T2
T2
33
DSI
[5]
[6]
452000/2001
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• • • • • • • •
•
A B CPowerSTIM
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• DataFRAC
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• PowerSTIM
•
•
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PowerSTIM
PFP
FMI
FMI
DSINMR
FracCADE
ZoneAID
FracCADEFracVIZ
PROFIT
PSPLITR
NODAL
[7]
PowerSTIM
>PowerSTIM
>PowerSTIM
4. Allen D Crary S Freedman B Andreani M KlopfW Badry R Flaum C Kenyon B Kleinberg RGossenberg P Horkowitz J Logan D Singer JWhite J How to Use Borehole Nuclear MangneticResonance 9 2 1997
34-57
5. Brie A Endo T Hoyle D Codazzi D Esmersoy CHsu K Denoo S Mueller MC Plona T ShenoySinha B New Directions in Sonic Logging
12 10 2000 40-55
6.
7. Bartz S Mach JM Saeedi J Haskell J ManriqueJ Mukherjee H Olsen T Opsal S Proano ESemmelbeck M Spalding G Spath J Let’s Get theMost Out of Existing Wells 9
4 1997 2-21
46
30
25
20
15
10
5
00.0001
%
mD
0.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 1000.0
LoboConoco
[8]
Lobo
CMR
PowerSTIM
Lobo
AITLitho-Density CNL
FracCADE
CMRECS
MSCTCMR
ELANDSI PowerSTIM
P o w e r J e t[9]
CMR
Timur-Coates
T2 33
CMRCMR
Lobo
Timur-CoatesCMR
Timur-Coates
8. Kerchner S Kaiser B Donovan M Villereal RDevelopment of a Continuous Permeabil i ty
Measurement Impact on Completion Design and PostCompletion Analysis SPE 63259SPE
2000 10 1-4
9. Behrmann L Brooks JE Farrant S Fayard AVenkitaraman A Brown A Michel C NoordermeerA Smith P Underdown D Perforating PracticesThat Optimize Productivity 12
1 2000 52-47
>
472000/2001
LoboLobo Timur-
Coates
T233 CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0
vol/vol0.3 0.0CMR
CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0
CMR mD
vol/vol0.3 0.0CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0 0.002 20.0
Timur-Coates0.002 20.0
vol/vol0.3 0.0
vol/vol0.3 0.0CMR
CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0
CMR mD
vol/vol0.3 0.0CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0
Timur-Coates0.002 20.0
Timur-Coates0.002 20.0
Timur-Coates0.002 20.0
Lobo
Timur-CoatesCMR
CMRTimur-
Coates
>
>
48
vol/vol0.3 0.0
vol/vol0.3 0.0CMR
CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0
CMR mD
vol/vol0.3 0.0CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0
Timur-Coates0.002 20.0
Lobo-Timur-Coates0.002 20.0
> Lobo Lobo Timur-CoatesLobo
Lobo Timur-CoatesTimur-CoatesCMR-
RidgefieldELAN
CMR ELAN
90 T2
LoboFFV
BFV
ConocoCMR
Lobo T2
CMR
Conoco
QLA12%
70% 50%42 13m
50% 65 20mECS
CMR
CMR
ConocoLobo
vol/vol0.3 0.0
vol/vol0.3 0.0CMR
CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0
vol/vol0.3 0.0CMR
vol/vol0.3 0.0
0.002 20.0
0.002 20.0
CMR mD
Timur-Coates
LoboTimur-Coates
> Lobo Lobo
CMR
492000/2001
65 ELAN CMR ECSp.u.0.5 0
API0 200 10 0.001mD 00.2 p.u. 100%0
42 12% 70% 50%
> QLA 12%70% 50% 42 13m ELAN
50% 65 20m ECS
50
PowerSTIM
PowerSTIM
PowerSTIM
Intranet
Internet
Internet PowerSTIMIntranet
PowerSTIM
PowerSTIM
E-mail
PowerSTIM
PowerSTIM
PowerSTIM
Intranet
[10]
Intranet
PowerSTIM
IT
PowerSTIM
•
•
•
•
KernsPowerSTIM
Olmos San MiguelCatarina S. W.
Dos Hermanos [11]
> PowerSTIM PowerSTIM
512000/2001
PowerSTIM PowerSTIM
Descriptiveheader
ReservoirCharacterization
CompletionDesign
Execution Fracturedesign
Summary
> NMR CMR
4mD 6 1.8m
1:120ft API 1500
Timur-Coates
mD 100.001
CMR T2 =33
ft3/ft3 00.3 30000.3
SPCMR T2
ft3/ft3 00.3
ft3/ft3 00.3
X150
X160
X170
X180
4 mD
>
Olmos5 50 1.5 15m
Olmos0.07 10mD
0.04mD Olmos
Olmos 1.72.0Mpsi 12 14MPa Kerns
DSI1.2 4.8Mpsi 8
33MPa San Miguel0.1 33mD
PowerSTIM
UltraJetCMR
DSI
CMR
DSI
PFP FMI
400020,000
400 1000Mscf /D11,500 29,000m3/d
CMR
17% 10-ohm-m
52%
10. Bailey W Couët B Lamb F Simpson G Rose PTaking a Calculated Risk 12
3 2000 20-35
11. Fairhurst DL Marfice JP Seim MR Norville MACompletion and Fracture Modeling of Low-
Permeability Gas Sands in South TexasSPE59770
SPE CERI 2000 4 3-5
52
RFT0.05mD
Timur-CoatesCMR
3 0.9m 4mD T2
3
T2
10 3mNODAL 4mD
3600Mscf/D 17,000m3/d
700 Mscf/D 20,000m3/d
CMR
NMR-T2
CMROlmos
12%12%
OlmosCMR
FracCADE
[12]
CMR-PlusDSI CMR
2.52.5Mpsi 17,000 31,000MPa 2.0
2.5Mpsi 13,000 17,000MPa0.003 0.5mD
800 244m1000 305m
FMIPFP
DSI
DSI FMI
NE-SWFMI
20
[13]
Reed-Hycalog10
MD1:120
ft API0 150
CMR
ft3/ft30.3 0
Timur-Coates
mD0.001 10
CMR
ft3/ft30.3 0
ft3/ft30.3 0
T2 =33
T2
MD1:120
ft API0 150
CMR
ft3/ft30.3 0
Timur-Coates
mD0.001 10
CMR
ft3/ft30.3 0
ft3/ft30.3 0
T2 =33
30000.3
30000.3
T2
12 ohm-m 12%
12 ohm-m 12%
X150
X160
X170
X180
X820
X830
X840
X850
0.01 mD
12 p.u.
0.1 mD
10 p.u.
Olmos CMR
NMR T2
CMR
>
532000/2001
> FracCADE FracCADECMR
600 183m 800 244m
35 5
PowerSTIM
1998 1999 2000
Msc
f/D
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
2,000 4,00030,000
1MMscf/D 29,000m3/d1.47 0.48
Mscf
Morrow
20Morrow
Morrow
12.
13. Bosson A Burr B Dillard S Drake E lvie B lvieC Smith R Watson G On the Cutting Edge