1 CHINA-UNIDO COUNTRY PROGRAMMING FRAMEWORK FOR INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT TIME FRAME 2016- 2020 This Country Programming Framework (CP) is designed to enhance UNIDO’s support to the Government of China to implement a road-map towards Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development (ISID) as stated in the Lima Declaration adopted on 2 December 2013 during the 15 th session of General Conference of UNIDO. In doing this, UNIDO has aligned the priorities for China to the 13 th Five Year Plan, building on the achievements of past projects and programmes 1 . As industrialization is a long-term endeavor, involving many stakeholders, efforts will be made to strengthen synergies and avoid duplication by collaborating with development cooperation partners, including the private sector in the country. As a framework based on established national priorities, it will be a useful guide for the selection of UNIDO’s interventions in China over the next 5 years. On behalf of Government of China Name and Title Signature Date FANG Aiqing Vice Minister Ministry of Commerce On behalf of UNIDO Name and Title Signature Date LI Yong Director General 30 November 2015 1 Reference to Integrated/ Country Programmes, Stand-alone projects if applicable.
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CHINA-UNIDO COUNTRY PROGRAMMING FRAMEWORK
FOR INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
TIME FRAME 2016- 2020
This Country Programming Framework (CP) is designed to enhance UNIDO’s support to the
Government of China to implement a road-map towards Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial
Development (ISID) as stated in the Lima Declaration adopted on 2 December 2013 during the 15th
session of General Conference of UNIDO. In doing this, UNIDO has aligned the priorities for China to
the 13th
Five Year Plan, building on the achievements of past projects and programmes1
. As
industrialization is a long-term endeavor, involving many stakeholders, efforts will be made to
strengthen synergies and avoid duplication by collaborating with development cooperation partners,
including the private sector in the country. As a framework based on established national priorities, it
will be a useful guide for the selection of UNIDO’s interventions in China over the next 5 years.
On behalf of Government of China Name and Title Signature Date
FANG Aiqing
Vice Minister
Ministry of Commerce
On behalf of UNIDO Name and Title Signature Date
LI Yong
Director General
30 November 2015
1 Reference to Integrated/ Country Programmes, Stand-alone projects if applicable.
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CCCPF China Climate Change Partnership Framework
CFCs Chlorofluorocarbons
CICETE China International Centre for Economic and Technical Exchange
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
CSR Corporate Social Responsibility
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GEF Global Environmental Facility
ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN-ESCAP)
EU European Union
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FY Fiscal Year
E&E Energy and Environment
EU European Union
HCFCs Hydrochloro fluoro carbons
HDI Human Development Index
HIV/AIDS Human immunodeficiency virus/ Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
IDF Industrial Development Fund
IFAD International Fund for Agriculture
ILO International Labor Organization
IMF International Monetary Fund
IOM International Organization for Migration
ISEC International Solar Energy Centre for Technology Promotion and Transfer
ICSHP International Centre for Small Hydropower
ITPO Investment and Technology Promotion Office
LDC Least Developed Countries
MDG Millennium Development Goal
MDI Metered Dose Inhaler
MEP Ministry of Environmental Protection
MOFCOM Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China
NIP National Implementation Plan
NOx Generic term for mono-nitrogen oxides: NO, NO2, NO3
OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
ODA Official Development Aid
POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants
PPP Purchasing power parity
PRP Poverty Reduction Programme
RAC Room Air Conditioning
RMB Results Based Management
RMB Renminbi
SDG Sustainable Development Goals
SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises
SO2 Sulphur dioxide
UCSSIC UNIDO Centre for South-South Industrial Cooperation
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UK United Kingdom
UN United Nations
UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework
UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund
UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women
UNFPA United Nations Population Fund
UNHABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme
UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNIDO United Nations Industry Development Organization
UNOPS United Nations Office for Project Services
UNV United Nations Volunteers
UNWTO United Nations World Tourism Organization
TCB Trade Capacity Building
WFP World Food Programme
WHO World Health Organization
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary
1.0. Country situation analysis
1.1. National context
1.2. Challenges to be addressed
2. 0 UN coordination framework
3.0 Past Cooperation and Lessons Learned
4.0 Country Programme Components
5.0 Management framework
5.1 Coordination
5.2 Monitoring and Evaluation
5.3 Risks and mitigation measures
5.4 The legal Context
6.0 Indicative budget and funding strategy
Annex I: Results Framework
Annex II: List of Ongoing and Pipeline Projects
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Executive summary
In the past three decades, China has delivered exceptional levels of growth and social development
progress, obtaining remarkable results in its effort to achieve the MDGs and create a Xiaokang
(moderately prosperous) society. Nevertheless, three prominent challenges still have to be addressed,
namely:
a. Achieving high quality, low carbon economic growth and transitioning to a green economy,
b. Ameliorating the situation of food safety, and
c. Strengthening International Cooperation on Industrial Development.
The Chinese Government has adopted a strategic, prudent and scientific approach in facing these
challenges, by implementing small initiatives (later scaled up if successful) and by basing policy on
sound evidence and data. Its strategic vision is expressed and synthetized in the 12th
Five Year Plan
(2011-2015) and 13th Five Year Plan (2016-2020). Given China’s most remarkable trends and the
country’s priorities as expressed by the 13th Five Year Plan, UNIDO and several other UN entities
agreed with the Chinese Government on three thematic pillars or “UNDAF Outcomes” for the UNDAF
2016-2020: poverty reduction and equitable development, improved and sustainable environment, and
enhanced global engagement.
Against this background, particular priority is given to three of the country’s most urgent development
needs, namely Promoting Green Industry Development, Ensuring Food Safety and Strengthening
International Cooperation. Therefore, UNIDO proposes a renewed initiative aiming to address these
three issues. In accordance with the pillars of UNDAF 2016-2020, and in line with UNIDO’s Lima
Declaration, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)-Goal 9 and China-UNIDO Strategic Cooperation
Framework 2014-2016, the China-UNIDO Country Programme 2016-2020 focuses therefore on the
promotion of inclusive and sustainable industrial development (ISID) through convening global forum
for industrial cooperation and standard-setting, providing policy advisory and technical cooperation
services.
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1.0. Country situation analysis
1.1 The National Context
China is the largest developing country, now ranking as the second biggest economy of the world. In
tandem with the rapid economic growth in the past three decades, China’s prospering industries have
taken a heavy toll on the environment causing pollution of air, water and soil.
UNV, UNWTO, WFP, WHO. The IMF also took part. 4 The results and operation of the Country Programme 2008-2010 were evaluated as part of the overall country evaluation
conducted by UNIDO’s Evaluation Office in January 2011. The Evaluation Team’s main recommendations were as follows:
The UNIDO project activities outside the environmental area should gradually be concentrated on fewer thematic
areas. Furthermore, UNIDO should concentrate more geographically and on projects that can be used as “pilots” or
“models” for future replication and upscaling by Chinese authorities and partners.
The Country Programme should in the future be used as a strategic tool also to plan the use of China’s Industrial
Development Fund and UNIDO Seed Funds in a more “targeted” way. The Regional Office’s role in project
identification could be strengthened. “Calls for proposals” in targeted thematic/geographical focal UNIDO areas
should be considered.
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recommended that UNIDO’s project activities outside the environmental area should gradually be
concentrated on fewer thematic areas. In particular, an increased focus on the sector of Food Safety
and Green Industry are recommended, while the focus of poverty alleviation should be sharpened
and more profoundly addressed. These recommendations have been taken into account in the design
of the new Country Programme.
During implementation, attention will also be given to implement the Evaluation Team’s
recommendation to concentrate more geographically and on projects that can be used as “pilots” or
“models” for future replication and upscaling by Chinese authorities and partners.
4.0 Country Programme Components
UNIDO’s Lima Declaration on inclusive and sustainable industrial development (ISID), adopted by the
member states on 2 December 2013, aims to harness the full potential of industry’s contribution to the
achievement of sustainable development, and lasting prosperity for all. The Lima Declaration states that
UNIDO should serve as a global facilitator of knowledge and advice on policies and strategies towards
achieving inclusive and sustainable industrial development; and should focus on the three thematic
priorities in which it has comparative advantage and expertise: poverty reduction through productive
activities; trade capacity-building and energy and environment.
ISID means that: (i) Every country achieves a higher level of industrialization in their economies, and
benefits from the globalization of markets for industrial goods and services; (ii) No one is left behind in
benefiting from industrial growth, and prosperity is shared among women and men in all countries; (iii)
Broader economic and social growth is supported within an environmentally sustainable framework; and
(iv) The unique knowledge and resources of all relevant development actors are combined to maximize
the development impact of ISID.
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development sets out the global framework to eradicate poverty and
achieve sustainable development by 2030. The new objectives, a set of 17 Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs), has been formally adopted by the international community at a dedicated UN Summit
taking place from the 25 to 27 September 2015.
The 2030 Agenda is a universal agreement; its implementation requires action by all countries,
developed and developing. It will be underpinned by a Global Partnership, mobilizing governments and
stakeholders (citizens, civil society, private sector, academia, etc.), at all levels.
The UNIDO ISID agenda, which helps to build economic growth, reduction of inequality and ensuring
more careful use of natural resources, is closely related to many SDGs, and in particularly to SDG 9:
Build Resilient Infrastructure; Promote Inclusive and Sustainable Industrialization and Foster
Innovation.
An increased focus on the sector of Food Safety should be considered.
The focus of poverty alleviation should be sharpened and more profoundly addressed.
The potential for increasing leverage through co-financing should be more actively explored.
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Within the framework of UNIDO’s mandate and approved services, the China-UNIDO Country
Programme 2016-2020 focuses on promoting inclusive and sustainable industrial development (ISID)
through convening global forum for industrial cooperation and standard-setting, providing policy
advisory and technical cooperation services in order to address the two major components of the ISID,
namely creating shared prosperity and safeguarding the environment. UNIDO’s intervention into
priority areas defined in the Country Programme will be in accordance with this fundamental approach
to ISID.
a. Global Forum for industrial cooperation and standard-setting
Global Forum functions enable UNIDO to build partnerships and networks and facilitate stakeholders’
engagement which are necessary to achieve desired development outcomes. UNIDO’s convening role
brings Member States, the private sector, civil society and other development partners together in major
outcome-oriented events that serve to exchange ideas and disseminate knowledge and information,
facilitate partnerships, and forge common positions and plans of action for inclusive and sustainable
industrial development.
UNIDO, as one of the co-organizers and supporting institutions, will provide necessary support and
participate in the international forums that are held in China, namely China (Shanghai) Technology Fair,
China Eurasia Expo (Urumqi), China International Fair for Investment and Trade (Xiamen), China
International Industrial Fair (Shanghai) among others, in a more systematic way to achieve value
addition and tangible results.
UNIDO in cooperation with the Government of China will also invite the experts, academia,
entrepreneurs, businesses and government officials to the global forums organized by UNIDO outside of
China to share their knowledge, experiences and best practices.
b. Policy advisory services
UNIDO supports the creation of conducive policy environments for inclusive and sustainable industrial
development. In collaboration with national research institutions, universities and governmental
departments, UNIDO will provide policy advisory on green industry and its role in the transformation of
the industry, in promoting a circular economy and in developing a low carbon economy. This will
contribute to the policy making of various levels of governments as well as the task force work of China
Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED).
UNIDO will collaborate with local universities and research institutions to carry out feasibility studies
on Eco-Industrial Parks and formulate ISID strategies for pilot cities or regions in China in line with the
MOU signed between UNIDO and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) on 7
November 2013 and Strategic Cooperation Framework (2014-2016) signed between UNIDO and the
Ministry of Commerce in November 2014.
Given the importance of Global Value Chains (GVCs) in industrial development and international trade,
UNIDO will strengthen its study on GVCs, to list GVCs as a UNIDO systematic research subject; to
establish relationships with national institutions and international organizations; and to accelerate the
UNIDO study on GVCs. UNIDO will also focus on the study on industrial cooperation and development
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along the Belt and the Road in cooperation with Development Research Center of State Council/China
and other international organizations under the framework of the Silk Road Think Tank Network.
c. Technical cooperation services
UNIDO’s development intervention is delivered through its technical cooperation activities. It represents
a significant element in achieving UNIDO’s mission to help reduce poverty through inclusive and
sustainable industrial development, giving every country the opportunity to grow a flourishing
productive sector, increase their participation in international trade and safeguard their environment.
UNIDO builds capacities in public and private institutions to support the growth of industry and related
services, with a particular focus on SME and entrepreneurship development.
Based on the above principles and frameworks of general goals and methodology, the China-UNIDO
Country Programme 2016-2020 consists of three main components, namely Green Industry, Food
Safety, and International Cooperation on Industrial Development. The matrix below gives an overview
of the Country Programme priorities:
CP Priority
areas
Relevant
national sector
priorities
Relevant
UNDAF
Other national/regional
and international
frameworks
And commitments
Alignment with
UNIDO’s
priorities
ISID
Green Industry
Prevention and control of
pollution; Enhancing climate
resilience of industries;Improving energy efficiency and
management;
Hazardous waste management
UNDAF
Outcome 1
SDG 9 and Lima
Declaration;
Montreal Protocol;
Kyoto Protocol;
Stockholm Convention;
Minamata Convention;
UN Framework
Convention on Climate
Change
Safeguarding the
environment
Food Safety Food safety UNDAF
Outcome 2
SDG 9 and Lima
Declaration; ISO 22000;
WTO; International Food
Safety Network; Global
food safety partnership;
HACCP
Creating shared
prosperity
International
Cooperation
on Industrial
Development
South-south and triangular
cooperation;the Belt and Road
Initiative
UNDAF
Outcome 3
SDG 9 and Lima
Declaration; APEC;
FOCAC; ASEAN;
BRICS; G20
Creating shared
prosperity
Following are the detailed descriptions of the Country Programme components. A list of ongoing
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projects and projects in the pipeline is provided in the Annex II.
4.1 Green Industry
The objective to promote environmental protection is in line with the ISID principle of safeguarding the
environment. The environmental issue is a major national priority of China. UNIDO continues to
provide assistance to China to achieve a smooth transition to resource efficient and low carbon
industries. UNIDO assistance is focused on supporting and guiding China’s efforts to adopt the actions
in line with Manila Declaration on Green Industry during the first Green Industry Conference in 2009
and the UNIDO-China Strategic Cooperation Framework 2014-2016.
UNIDO delivers its technical cooperation programme through a two pronged approach: a) greening of
existing industries; and b) creating new industries. The approach consists of:
a. Greening of Industry: ensuring that all industries, regardless of sector, size, ownership, markets
and location continuously improve their environmental performance and resource productivity,
and
b. Creating Green industries: Stimulating the development and creation of industries that enable
environmentally-friendly goods and services.
UNIDO sees its role in the energy and climate change field as a catalyst for scaling up investments in
clean energy solutions, strengthening policy frameworks to create an enabling environment and to
secure funding for increased market penetration of renewable energy, energy efficient and low-carbon
technologies that promote sustainable industrial growth.
UNIDO development cooperation and intervention for environmental protection is delivered in three
levels namely policy, institution, and enterprise as reflected below.
Policy
Create and Raise awareness on cleaner and sustainable production (CSP).
Deepen national markets and policy environment of CSP centres and other institutions.
Asses trends in energy consumption and provide policy support.
Assistance for coherent policy and institutional framework for sustainable energy use and
increased access to low carbon energy.
Use of new energy vehicles to be promoted and the industrialization level of electric cars
improved.
Institution
- Create support institutions, test and disseminate CSP tools and methodologies.
Support the adoption of CSP practices, methodologies and technologies.
Provide assistance in the environmentally sound management of POPs and other toxic
chemicals.
Strengthen the capacity of institutions to support energy efficiency practices through
implementation of Energy Management System such as ISO 500001.
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Training and transfer of technology to rural communities to provide modern energy services
through innovative renewable energy technologies
Enterprise
Strengthen the global and regional networking activities between the NCPCs and related
institutions.
Participate and collaborate with CP-related global fora and providing guidance and support to
enterprises.
Support environmentally sound management of wastes, waste recycling and waste treatment
systems.
Promote the transfer of cleaner and environmentally sound technologies to industry.
Create an ecosystem of innovation especially for clean technologies
SME training on environmental protection, good practices.
Support for industrial upgrading and modernization (IUMP).
The strategies and approaches displayed above will be implemented in UNIDO’s cooperation with
China in pursuit of a greener industry. Following is an overview of UNIDO’s future activities regarding
environmental protection in China.
UNIDO will continue its cooperation with the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP),
especially in the implementation of international environmental conventions. Additionally,
UNIDO will make more efforts in supporting the implementation of China’s national key
environmental protection action plans, such as the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action
Plan and Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan. At a minimum, UNIDO and MEP
will work together on:
Under the Montreal Protocol, the elimination of HCFCs in the room air conditioning (RAC)
manufacturing sector and extruded polystyrene foam production sector, of CFCs in the metered
dose inhaler (MDI) sector and the refrigeration servicing sector, of methyl bromide in the
chemical industry and the agricultural sector, and of disposal of obsolete ODS’s;
Under the Stockholm Convention, the development and implementation of demonstration projects
on integrated chemicals management, reduction and elimination of hexabromocyclodeodecane
(HBCD) and elimination of dioxins discharges from the steel industry and chlorobenzene sector;
Under the Mercury Convention (adopted in 2013), the development and implementation of
projects on the reduction of mercury emissions and environmental sound management from the
zinc smelting industry, of demonstration projects of mercury reduction and minimization in the
production of vinyl chloride monomer, of the initial assessment of Minamata Convention.
Task force work of China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and
Development (CCICED), focusing on greening one belt one road and resource efficiency.
Under the national action plans on water and air pollution prevention and control, supporting the
planning and implementation of cleaner and upgrading transformation of production processes in
10 key industrial sectors respectively in the air and water programmes.
UNIDO will continue to support the relevant counterparts in the field of energy and resource
efficiency in cooperation with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and
the Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ), especially in
industrial clusters and parks. At a minimum, UNIDO and these counterparts will work on:
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Capacity building for energy management in industry;
The development of energy conservation mechanisms and the promotion of the energy
conservation industry;
Capacity building for the phase-out of production and use of lead -based paint in China;
The development of fuel efficiency strategies and new energy technologies for the Chinese
automotive industry;
The promotion of renewable energy, especially through the two UNIDO renewable energy
centres in China, the International Solar Energy Centre for Technology Promotion and
Transfer and the International Centre for Small Hydro Power;
The development of resource efficient and cleaner production planning and development
mode for the industrial clusters and parks.
Sharing experience and best practices through south-south cooperation, eco-design and
technology transfer.
Jointly organizing green manufacturing training workshops through the foreign aid training
programme and facilitating the international cooperation and exchanges on energy efficiency
and environmental industries, and their advanced technologies and equipment.
Use of new energy vehicles to be promoted and the industrialization level of electric cars
improved.
UNIDO will look into developing projects in the broader area of climate change mitigation.
Specifically, this could include projects on:
Greenhouse gas (GHG) data collection and analysis;
Establishment of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission database at city or provincial level;
Development of greenhouse gas mitigation policies at city or provincial level;
Capacity building for carbon exchange and carbon auditing
In the area of environmental standards, UNIDO will continue with its efforts to promote Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR) in cooperation with Ministry of Construction and Ministry of
Commerce. UNIDO will cooperate with MIIT and local governments to set up pilot Eco-Industry
Parks. In the field of sustainable energy standards, UNIDO will cooperate with the Administration
of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) and for new energy vehicles with the
Society of Automotive Engineers of China (SAE-China).
In the area of gender issues, UNIDO will build on and align with the Vienna Energy Forum (VEF)
recommendations and in particular with the conclusions of the third Green Industry Conference
which was held in Guangzhou, China in November 2013 where an engagement was taken to liaise
with governments, business associations and enterprises to promote the particular interest of
women in Green Industry and create a women-in-green-industry network in the framework of the
Green Industry Platform.
4.2 Food Safety
UNIDO has a strong and resourceful experience in food safety, working all along the food processing
value chain, from agro-processors, upgrading their processes to meet relevant food safety standards, to
standards bodies and laboratories, which are needed to allow agro-processors to receive the necessary
food safety certifications for their processes.
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UNIDO assists countries to develop competitive manufacturing capability, supports conformity with
national and international market requirements and connect the enterprises with markets. Basically,
UNIDO implements the 3C approach to ensure food safety and trade facilitation: