China Frontier Research. GLORAD Research Center for Global R&D Management Overview Prof. Dr. Max von Zedtwitz GLORAD (B-55) School of Economics and Management Tsinghua University, Beijing [email protected] / www.glorad.org. 1. Tsinghua University. Established in 1911 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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• Sciences• Architecture• Civil engineering• Mechanical engineering• Information sciences• Humanities and social sciences• Economics and management• Law• Arts and design• Public policy• Applied technology• (Medicine)
• Sciences• Architecture• Civil engineering• Mechanical engineering• Information sciences• Humanities and social sciences• Economics and management• Law• Arts and design• Public policy• Applied technology• (Medicine)
Key Question: Is China Going to be a SOURCE of Innovation?
Traditional View
• China imports technology from Western companies in return for market access.
• Chinese companies copy, don’t invent.• Chinese companies either receive gov’t protection or innovate using
copied Western business models.
Putting this View into Perspective
• Imitation is a natural (necessary?) step before innovation:• Japan, Korea, USA, Switzerland as examples• Artists/students, too, learn how to copy “the masters”…
• “Western” is really a base of about 20 different contributing countries: China can become a top-5 player by gaining just a 10% “market share” in innovations.
• Cloning of human liver related genes• Crystal structures of SARS Co Virus and MHV S protein fusion cores • Crystal structure of the mitochondrial respiratory membrane protein Complex II
E.g., CAS-SIMM:
• Artemether, a novel anti-malarial drug • Periaqueductal gray matter has been demonstrated to be the most effective site in the
whole nervous system for the abolition of pain by micro-injection of morphine • Sobuzoxan, an anti-tumor drug • Huperzine A (HupA), a novel alkaloid isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb, Huperzia
serrata , was found to be a potent, reversible and selective inhibitor of AChE, ie. It could improve memory deficiencies in aged population and patients with Alzheimer's disease
E.g., Center for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University:
• Chi-Chih Yao, Winner of the Turing Award, Computational Complexity and Algorithms
• 14,500 employees, >10% of revenue dedicated to R&D, >40% of employees in R&D• CMM5 certification – the highest accreditation available• Member of 60 international standardization organizations• E.g. ITU-T, 3GPP2, ETSI, OIF, RPR, OMA, TIA, TMF…• Filed over 6500 patent applications by end of 2004• Granted over 1400 patents to date
E.g., CNPC:
• CNPC invested 4200M RMB in R&D in 2004 • CNPC has three hundred R&D institutes in China, including 7 institutes directly under HQ,
65 under the secondary companies, about 250 secondary branches R&D centre.• 81 major research projects, including 15 national key ones and 66 company ones• 594 patents were awarded
• TD-SCDMA = Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
• 3G mobile telecommunications standard
• Pursued by the Chinese Academy of Telecommunications Technology(CATT), Datang and Siemens AG, in an attempt to develop home-grown technology and not be "dependent on Western technology“.
• Siemens also in a JV with Huawei (for marketing and manufacturing).
• On January 20, 2006, Ministry of Information Industry of the People's Republic of China formally announced that TD-SCDMA is the country's standard of 3G mobile telecommunication.
• TD-SCDMA 3G phones are expected to become available at the endof 2006 and other 3G networks will be delayed until TD-SCDMA is ready.
• More flexible, less costly, greater spectrum efficient, lower powerconsumption than W-CDMA…
• Chinese companies are about to set up R&D in hot spots around the world
• Boston, Silicon Valley, Japan, UK, Germany• But also India, South America, Korea, Western Asia, etc.
• Chinese companies are facing steep learning challenges with respect to doing R&D, and managing international organizations: Centralized R&D configurations and hubs are to be expected
• The Chinese have a tremendous willpower to adopt foreign technologies and demonstrated that they can do so fast
• If the technology doesn’t come to China easily, local R&D centers can source technology where it is created, and secure global ownership rights
• Chinese companies will compete over top graduates from Western universities