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TYPHOID FEVERWhat it is: A life-threatening bacterial disease transmitted by eating food or drinking water contaminated by the feces or urine of infected people.What it does: Causes high sustained fever of 39-40C. Complications include intestinal bleeding, which, according to mayoclinic.com, is signaled by a sudden drop in blood pressure, shock and blood in your stool. It can also cause pneumonia, meningitis and delirium, among others.

HEPATITIS AWhat it is:A highly contagious liver disease caused when a person eats food or drinks water contaminated with the feces of an infected person. According to WHO, The disease is closely associated with a lack of safe water, inadequate sanitation and poor personal hygiene.What it does:Unlike hepatitis B and C, hepatitis A does not cause chronic liver failure. Expect fatigue, abdominal pain especially beneath your right lower ribs, and loss of appetite, dark urine, muscle pain, jaundice, and low-grade fever. Symptoms last from less than 2 months to 6 months.

LEPTOSPIROSISWhat it is:An infectious disease caused by an organism passed from animals to humans, often by coming in contact with water contaminated with the urine of cattle, pigs, rats, cats and dogs.What it does:Causes mild, flu-like symptoms that disappear in 5-7 days. Severe complications may result in kidney failure, liver dysfunction, pneumonitis and damage to the circulatory system.

CHOLERAWhat it is:An extremely dangerous but easily treatable bacterial disease that the World Health Organization says is linked to inadequate environmental management. Examples include urban slums and refugee camps where minimum requirements of clean water and sanitation are not met.What it does:Cholera can kill within hours if left untreated. It can cause severe watery diarrhea, vomiting and liver failure.

SCHISTOSOMIASISWhat it is: Caused by parasitic trematode flatworm Schistosoma; fresh water snails act as intermediate host and release larval form of parasite that penetrates the skin of people exposed to contaminated water; worms mature and reproduce in the blood vessels, liver, kidneys, and intestines releasing eggs, which become trapped in tissues triggering an immune responseWhat it does:It may manifest as either urinary or intestinal disease resulting in decreased work or learning capacity; mortality, while generally low, may occur in advanced cases usually due to bladder cancer.

Whats in your Water? : Common Water-Borne Diseases We Do Not Know Of

What are water-borne diseases?Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms that most commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh water. Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in the preparation of food, or the consumption of food thus infected. Various forms of waterborne diarrheal disease probably are the most prominent examples, and affect mainly children in developing countries. Such diseases account for an estimated 4.1% of the total global burden of disease, and cause about 1.8 million human deaths annually. The World Health Organization estimates that 88% of that burden is attributable to unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene.

Incidence in the Philippines:Locally, environment current issues, like uncontrolled deforestation especially in watershed area and unrestrained dumping or wastes cause floods. Floods would cause water pollution in large areas leading to high incidence of waterborne diseases such as: