1 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov Charting the labor market: Data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) June 1, 2018
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1 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov
Charting the labor market:Data from the Current
Population Survey (CPS)
June 1, 2018
2 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov
Table of contents
1. Civilian labor force
2. Civilian labor force participation rate
3. Civilian employment
4. Employment-population ratio
5. Nonagricultural wage and salary employment
6. Nonagricultural self-employed, unincorporated
7. Part-time workers as a percent of total employed
8. Employed part time for economic reasons
9. Civilian unemployment
10. Civilian unemployment rate
11. Duration of unemployment
12. Long-term unemployed as a percent of total unemployed
13. Reasons for unemployment
14. Job losers by layoff status
3 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov
Table of contents—Continued
15. Unemployment rates for adult men, adult women, and teenagers
16. Unemployment rates by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
17. Unemployment rates for persons 25 years and older by educational attainment
18. Persons not in the labor force who want a job
19. Persons not in the labor force, selected indicators
20. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
Additional information available in The Employment Situation news release:www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf
Browse labor force concepts and data by subject:www.bls.gov/cps/cpsaz.htm
4 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov4 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 1. Civilian labor force Seasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
115,000
120,000
125,000
130,000
135,000
140,000
145,000
150,000
155,000
160,000
165,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
115,000
120,000
125,000
130,000
135,000
140,000
145,000
150,000
155,000
160,000
165,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS11000000.
5 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov5 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 2. Civilian labor force participation rateSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
61.0
62.0
63.0
64.0
65.0
66.0
67.0
68.0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
61.0
62.0
63.0
64.0
65.0
66.0
67.0
68.0
Percent
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS11300000.
May 2018
62.7 percent
6 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov6 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 3. Civilian employmentSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
115,000
120,000
125,000
130,000
135,000
140,000
145,000
150,000
155,000
160,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
115,000
120,000
125,000
130,000
135,000
140,000
145,000
150,000
155,000
160,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS12000000.
7 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov7 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 4. Employment-population ratioSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
57.0
58.0
59.0
60.0
61.0
62.0
63.0
64.0
65.0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
57.0
58.0
59.0
60.0
61.0
62.0
63.0
64.0
65.0
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS12300000.
May 2018
60.4 percent
Percent
8 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov8 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 5. Nonagricultural wage and salary employmentSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
100,000
105,000
110,000
115,000
120,000
125,000
130,000
135,000
140,000
145,000
150,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
100,000
105,000
110,000
115,000
120,000
125,000
130,000
135,000
140,000
145,000
150,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS12032187.
9 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov9 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 6. Nonagricultural self-employed, unincorporated Seasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
7,500
8,000
8,500
9,000
9,500
10,000
10,500
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
7,500
8,000
8,500
9,000
9,500
10,000
10,500
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS12032192.
Numbers in thousands
10 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov10 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 7. Part-time workers as a percent of total employedSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Beginning in 1994, data reflect the introduction of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey. Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS12692153.
Percent
11 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov11 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 8. Employed part time for economic reasonsSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Beginning in 1994, data reflect the introduction of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey. Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS12032194.
12 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov12 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 9. Civilian unemploymentSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS13000000.
13 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov13 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 10. Civilian unemployment rateSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000000.
May 2018
3.8 percent
Percent
14 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov14 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 11. Duration of unemploymentSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS13008396&series_id=LNS13008756&series_id=LNS13008876&series_id=LNS13008636.
27 weeks and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 to 26 weeks
15 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov15 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 12. Long-term unemployed as a percent of total unemployedSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS13025703.
Percent unemployed 27 weeks and over
Percent
16 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov16 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 13. Reasons for unemploymentSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS13023621&series_id=LNS13023705&series_id=LNS13023557&series_id=LNS13023569.
Job losers
New entrants
Job leavers
Reentrants
Numbers in thousands
17 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov17 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 14. Job losers by layoff statusSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS13025699&series_id=LNS13023653.
Not on temporary layoff
On temporary layoff
18 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov18 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 15. Unemployment rates for adult men, adult women, and teenagersSeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000025&series_id=LNS14000026&series_id=LNS14000012.
Adult men (20 years and over)
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Adult women(20 years and over)
Percent
19 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov19 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 16. Unemployment rates by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicitySeasonally adjusted, 1990–2018
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race. Seasonally adjusted data for Asians are not available before 2003. Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000003&series_id=LNS14000006&series_id=LNS14032183&series_id=LNS14000009.
Whites
Hispanics or Latinos
Blacks or African Americans
Asians
Percent
20 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov20 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 17. Unemployment rates for persons 25 years and older by educational attainmentSeasonally adjusted, 1992–2018
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14027659&series_id=LNS14027660&series_id=LNS14027689&series_id=LNS14027662.
Some college or associate
degree
High school graduates,
no college
Bachelor’s degree and higher
Less than a high school diploma
Percent
21 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov21 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 18. Persons not in the labor force who want a job Seasonally adjusted, 1994–2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS15026639.
22 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov22 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
Chart 19. Persons not in the labor force, selected indicatorsNot seasonally adjusted, 1994–2018
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
Numbers in thousands
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNU05026642&series_id=LNU05026645.
Discouraged
Marginally attached
23 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov23 — U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS • bls.gov/cps
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
Chart 20. Alternative measures of labor underutilizationSeasonally adjusted, 1994–2018
Note: Shaded areas represent recessions as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Data online at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS13025670&series_id=LNS14023621&series_id=LNS14000000&series_id=LNS13327707 and at https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS13327708&series_id=LNS13327709.
.
U-4
U-1
U-2
U-6
U-3Unemployment rate
U-5
U-6
U-5
U-3U-4
U-2
U-1
Percent
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