Charles

Ar. Charles Corea

NAME :– CHARLES COREA AGE :– 81 DATE OF BIRTH :– SEPT. 1, 1930 SE CUNDERABAD LOCATION :– MUMBAI NATIONALITY :– INDIAN COMPANY :– CHARLES COREA

AND ASSOCIATES WEBSITE :– http://www.charlea

corea.org/index.html

LIFE :- He is an Indian

Architect , Planner and Activist.

His middle education was completed at St. Xaveries College , Bombay.

He studied Architecture at the university of Michigan Ann Arbar and Massachusetts institute of technology , Cambridge after

Which he established a private practice in Bombay in 1958.

PRINCIPELS:-

He believes to be most important in housing , namely – Equity, Incrementality, pluralism, Housing open to sky space , the disaggregation in forming ones own environment and to facilitate Income generating activities .

BEST PROJECTS :-

LIC Building , at Connaught Place, New Delhi, designed in 1986.

The Champalimaud Foundation centre in Lisbon.

Lisbon which was inaugurated on October 5, 2010 by the Portuguese President, Cavaco Silva.

CURRENT PROJECTS :-

Staff Housing , Hyderabad . ULWE : The CBD of New Bombay . Titan (Housing) Township,

Bangalore. Gopalpur Steel Town ,

Gopalpur ,Bihar. Buddhapurima Lakefront

Development , Hyderabad. Salt lake city center , Kolkata . Low cost housing , Dharavi , Mumbai .

AWARDS :-

1972 Padma shri Awards , Government of India .

1942 Featured in Time Magazine cover story on New leadership (150 persons around the world).

1991 Master Architect Award , J.K. Industries India, etc.

PROJECTS HANDELED

British council , New Delhi. Residential complex , Navi

Mumbai . LIC Building, New Delhi. Islamic centre , Toronto. Brain and cognitive science

Complexes , Cambridge.

HIS CITIES :-

Using demographic patterns , public transportation policies , squatter settlements , etc.

India’s first man of architecture has a very simple philosophy – “unless you believe in what you do , it becomes boring”.

EARLIER WORKS :-

Gandhi smarak sangharalaya , Ahmadabad.

Handloom pavilion Delhi. Administration building , Anand. Hindustan Lever Pavilion , Delhi. Ramakrishna House Ahmadabad EIC Office Complex , Andhra

Pradesh. Cablenagar Township , Rajasthan Parekh House , Ahmadabad

HOUSING AND URBAN PLANNING

PLANNING FOR BOMBAY PREVI Experimental Housing,

Peru Kanchenjunga Apartments Bombay Tara Group Housing, Delhi. Malabar Cements

Township ,Kerela. Belapur Housing , New Bombay. ACC Township , Andhra Pradesh. HUDCO Housing , Jodhpur.

RESORT HOTELS

Kovalam Beach resort , Kerala.

Bay Island Hotel , Andaman Islands.

Cidade de Goa, Goa.

.

PUBLIC BUILDINGS

Salvacao church , Bombay. Bharat Bhavan , Bhopal. Kala Akademi , Goa. LIC Center, Delhi. Crafts Museum, Delhi. Vidhan Bhavan, Bhopal. Archaeology Museum , Bhopal. Jawahar Kala Kendra, Jaipur.

The importance of the site was a constant in Correa’s approach. Complementing the Indian landscape, he worked on an organic and topographic scale in early commissions such his:-

Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya (1958–63) in Ahmadabad

Handloom Pavilion (1958) in Delhi.

Considerations of the Indian climate also drove many Correa’s .

For residential commissions, he developed the “tube house,” a narrow house form designed to conserve energy.

This form was realized in the Ramakrishna House (1962–64) and the Parekh (1966–68), both in Ahmedabad, which has a hot and arid climate.

Also in response to climate, Correa often employed a large oversailing roof or parasol, an element first seen in the Engineering Consultant India Limited complex (1965–68) in Hyderabad.

Gandhi Smarak sangharalaya, Ahmehdabad

In order to reflect the simplicity of gandhiji’s life and the incremental nature of the living institutions Corea used 6 m* 6m reinforced cement concrete connecting spaces , both open and covered , allowing for eventual expansion.

Simplicity is continued in the use of basic materials : stone floors , brick walls , wooden doors and louvered windows devoid of glass , and tiled roofs.

Units are grouped in asymmetric manner with pathways and randomly placed buildings .

Ramakrishna House, Ahmedabad

The plan set up a series of load bearing walls punctuated by interior courts and natural top –lit spaces .

The plan is organized in to four main zones .

The parallel walls were derived from the so called tube house.

Bharat Bhavan , Bhopal

• 8000 sqm. Area • lightning and ventilation in the building

are provided by top lights .• Openings to the courtyards and

terraces have two sets of shutters . • Inner ones contains of combination of

fixed glass and openable panels for lights and ventilation .

• The inner ones contains of large wooden doors , closed at night for security.

Jawaharkala Kendra, Jaipur

The plan was prepared in 1986 and the building was ready in 1991.

The plan is inspired by the original city plan of Jaipur, consisting of nine squares .

It was built by Rajasthan government with the purpose of preserving Rajasthani arts and crafts. The centre has been made in eight

blocks housing museums, one amphi theatre and the other closed auditorium, library, arts display rooms, cafeteria, small hostel and art-studio. •It also houses two permanent art galleries and three other galleries.

National Crafts Museum, Delhi

Museum was constructed in two phases first started in 1975 and completed in 1977.

The second and final stage in 1987, where ancient buildings of cultural importance have been inset into the new built form .

Ex :-an old haveli (house) from Gujarat and a stone temple from Tamil nadu .

The museum is arranged as a sequence of spaces and courtyards linked together by internal streets .

The large permanent collection of folk and tribal arts, crafts, and textile is housed in low concrete structures modeled on village scale units .

Use of platforms at varying levels to articulate space.

The stepping down of the platform and the actual use of steps of steps to define both functions and edges of spaces echo the old bathing Ghats of varanasi or the incomparable Sarkhej in Ahmedabad.

Kala Akademi , Goa

• This center for performing arts provides 10,500 sqm. Of facilities for visiting artists and troupes of performers who constitute a vigorous and essential part of its cultural tradition.

• It includes a 1000 seat auditorium , a 2000 seat open air amphitheater, a special black box for experimental productions.

LIC Center , Delhi

A new trend of high – technology architecture with complete glass façade emphasis reappeared in 1980’s in LIC Building , Delhi.

The complex is situated on the outer road of Connaught circle as a pivotal site between two major arteries : Parliament Street and Janpath .

The building acts both as proscenium and backdrop : a huge 12 storey proscenium beyond which the towers behind can be glimpsed and the faceted glass surface which become a stage backdrop reflecting image s of the buildings and trees of Connaught Place.

Kanchanjunga Appartments, Bombay

•Correa’s penchant for sectional displacement accompanied where appropriate by changes in the floor surface, is at its most elaborate in the 28-storey, Kanchanjunga apartments completed in Bombay. •Here Correa pushed his capacity for ingenious cellular planning to the limit, as is evident from the interlock of the one and a half story, split-level, 3 and 4 bedroom units with the two and half story 5 and 6 bedroom units.

• Smaller displacements of level were critical in this work in that they differentiated between the external earth filled terraces and the internal elevated living volumes.

• These subtle shifts enabled Correa to effectively shield these high rise units from the effect of the both the sun and monsoon rains.

• This was largely achieved by providing the tower with relatively deep, garden verandahs, suspended in the air.

Titan Township , Bangalore.

Two types of houses were incorporated.

The units are designed along the periphery of the site .

The first type of units – Type-B consists of 368 flats , each

area 48 sqm. Structures are arranged in highly

formal manner to form a series of interconnected units, courtyard and gardens.

The units decreases on the upper level to form terraces overlooking the central spaces.

Belapur Housing: Belapur, New Bombay-1983-1986:

The project uses one overridding principle: each unit is on its own individual site to allow for expansion.

The scheme caters for a wide range of income groups, from the lowest up to the upper income levels .

All the buildings have their own courtyard

and they come together by basic operations like 90º rotations and mirror .

Houses come together with these relations and form a community space .

These generate groups come together in order to form the settlement.

The second type - The j type units.

Approximately 65 sqm. Each. Consists of 45 courtyard

houses , ventilated by internal patios , arranged in tightly-knit clusters .

Each two stored structure has a barsati .

Bay island Hotel

The design principle of hotel came from one – thousand year old Padmanabhapuram palace from south.

Built up in a series of spaces , the buildings are arranged around the courtyard connected by covered corridors .

The public areas form a series of deck s protected by large overhanging roofs.

The roofs are constructed of a local redwood known as “Padauk”.

Kovalam Beach Resort, Kerela (1968-1974)

This phase involved establishment of no. Of facilities acting as a catalyst for future growth.

The master plan scatters the facilities over the site rather than concentrating them in one area , thus creating a no. Of potential growth points and allowing for a flexible response to the future demand.

In order to preserve the site ‘s natural beauty the buildings follow the hill slope.

The beach pavilion have light weight bamboo chatris.

Building refer to vernacular with the plastered white walls , red tiled roofs and sundecks.

REFERENCES

Charles corea with an essay by Kenneth Frampton.

Modern architecture in India. Post - independence perspective. Charles corea with essays by

sherban cantacuzino. Wikipedia.

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ABHILASHA AR-1009 4 SEM

B.ARCH