Chapters 4-7 CREATING A LASTING GOVERNMENT. Ch. 4 AMERICA’S POLITICAL HERITAGE.

Chapters 4-7CREATING A LASTING

GOVERNMENT

Ch. 4

AMERICA’S POLITICAL HERITAGE

K *W* L Chart (Graphic Organizer)

KNOW(What do you already know about early American gov't?)

WANT(What do you want to/need to learn about US gov’t?)

LEARN(What we learn today about American gov’t)

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2.

3.

4.

5.

K *W* L CHART

KNOW(What do you already know about early American gov't?)

WANT(What do you want to/need to learn about US gov’t? Questions?)

LEARN(What we learn today about American gov’t)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1. How did American law & gov’t develop?

2. Why did early colonists look to Greece & Rome for gov’t models?3. How did English gov’t influence American gov’t?

Key Terms

Charter Tyranny Direct Democracy Republic Natural Rights Compact Separation of Powers Ratification

Main ObjectivesLearn how colonists gained a voice in governmentKnow roots of individual freedom in AmericaHow did English government influence American government?

THE COLONIAL EXPERIENCE

Colonial period= birth of many American traditions

Heritage traced to England Colonists= still citizens

of England Self-Govt in colonies WHY???

Legislature: group of people chosen to make laws

VOICE IN GOVERNMENT

Colonies= set up through charter Gives permission

to create gov'tColonists disobey

king lose charter king’s chosen governor intervenes

Governor = appointed, not elected

ROYAL AUTHORITY

BRAIN BREAK!

Read “Citizenship in the Colonies” on pg 86-87 in textbook

Discuss with your group members: Identify who could voteThe rights/responsibilities of citizens in colonies

T-chart format for rights of Colonial citizens vs. Modern Day American citizens

English Govt + Church of EnglandNo freedom (religious)

Mayflower 1620

No freedom of press John Peter Zenger

Exposed govt corruption in newspaper

Not GuiltyFreedom of press= basic human right!

Colonists work for rights

ROOTS OF FREEDOM

Mid-1700s: England tightened control of colonies & colonists claimed it was tyranny Tyranny: abuse of

power Royal governors

abused power, colonists feared more and more rights would be stripped from them still had to pay taxes to England

SIGNS OF DISCONTENT

Rights of Self-Government

Why did American colonists have an unusual degree of self-government at fi rst?

What did it mean to be a citizen in the early American colonies? (Rights?)

Why were freedoms of the press & religion so important to the colonists?

Why do you think England tightened its control over the colonies?

Main Idea:???

SUM IT UP

Chapter 4Roots of American

Government

Looking to Ancient Greece & Rome

Colonists had the benefit of other people’s experiences to form our government “Let us study the law of nature; search into the spirit of the

British constitution;…think about the great examples of Greece & Rome; set before us the conduct of our own British ancestors.” -- John Adams

What do you think this quote means? Take 2-3 minutes to form an idea, write idea on notepad paper After 2-3 minutes, share with shoulder partner (AB) then

share with face partner (AA)

Ancient Greece & Rome

Greece= world’s first direct democracy Direct Democracy: a form

of government in which laws are made directly by the citizens self-government!

Rome: =republic (509 B.C.) Republic: a government in

which representatives are elected

US Congress= republic People in English colonies

also realized that Greek & Roman empires & gov’t collapsed

GREECE

ROME

English Traditions

Magna Carta: (1200s) King John forced to sign Listed rights king couldn’t

take away Limited power of king Led to representative gov’t

(Parliament)

English Bill of Rights (1689) Listed rights of ALL citizens Everyone must obey laws Helped make Parliament

more powerful than king

NOBLES

EVERYONE

Relying on Reason

1600s European philosophers taught:

Natural rights- born with that no gov’t could give or take away John Locke & Montesquieu Rights to life, liberty, &

property (John Locke)Separation of Powers:

dividing gov’t power among legislative, executive, and judicial branches (Montesquieu)

Balance of power= no tyranny

1. Identify the symbol(s) What do you think they represent?

*Find & Study the labels/captions2. What does the caption mean?3. What is the point of view expressed in cartoon?4. How did Benjamin Franklin feel about the political issue

of independence from Great Britain?

JOIN OR DIE!

Pg. 90 in textbook

Why did colonists look to Greek & Roman models for government?

How did English traditions in government influence American government?

Main Idea?American colonists began to think about what they

wanted from the government. They looked to models from Ancient Greece, Rome, English history, and European philosophers.

SUMMARY

Chapter 4MOVING TOWARD

NATIONHOOD

Why were the colonists dissatisfied with English rule? Didn’t they inherit the representative government? Why was there tension that resulted in war?

Colonists could not vote for members of Parliament & Parliament didn’t understand colonists’ needs

Colonists could only trade with England (buying AND selling of goods)

CLASH OF VIEWS

Parliament in debt squeeze money out of colonists w/ taxes

Colonists protested they should not be taxed w/o representation in Parliament

Colonists informed each other throughout all American colonies & called for a meeting w/ reps from all colonies

First Continental Congress, Philadelphia, 1774 Vowed to cut off trade w/ England

until requests met Met again in 1775 (2nd Continental

Congress) Fighting had begun in

Massachusetts Common Sense, Thomas Paine

pamphlet about independence

NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION

Second Continental Congress called for independence & for a few members to write a declaration of it

Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men

are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness…”

Unalienable: no gov’t can take away People given power in government

[What is the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?]

To encourage popular support within the colonies to justify to other nations the colonies’ need to break from England.

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

Colonies= “free & independent” needs to organize its gov’t

Mayflower Compact= first written agreement to make & obey laws for the good of the group

Each state created a constitution to limit governor powers 13 individual governments

Articles of Confederation Called for unified national

government in colonies ALL colonies/states need to ratify

(approve) 1781

ORGANIZING A NEW GOVERNMENT

Debt & Trade War debt from Revolutionary War

(Borrowed from other countries) Value of American money

dropped New gov’t =no power to trade &

lost trade rights w/ England

Shays’ Rebellion High tax on farm land=

farmers in debt Hundreds of farmers led by

Daniel Shays storm courthouse, Mass. militia responded

Articles of Confederation= too weak to support national gov’t

STRUGGLING GOVERNMENT

What Happened?

Who was there?

When did it happen?

Why did it happen?

Where did it happen?

5 W’s of Early American Government

Weakness ofArticles of

Confederation

Use Ch. 4 pages 99-100

http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/artconf.asp http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/charters_of

_freedom_4.html#

Colonists dissatisfied w/ English ruleDeclare themselves independentFight & win American RevolutionBegin to establish state & national

governments (Articles of Confederation)

SUMMARY

Imagine you were a reporter assigned to cover the events of 1) The American Revolution

2) The drafting/signing of the Declaration of Independence

3) Colonists building tensions over dissatisfaction w/ England

Describe what you saw & heard, pretend you are a reporter in the field when all of this is happening. What’s going on around you? Students will group together & record a video after. Reporters, Interviews, Eyewitness accounts, etc…

QUIZ GRADE!!!

CLASSWORK-HOMEWORK