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Slide 1
Chapters 3 & 4 in the class textbook Unit 2: Utahs First
Residents Pre-historic peoples, Native Americans, Mountain Men, and
Government Explorers
Slide 2
History = story of what has happened in the past. Utahs history
is a story of migration & adaptation. Migration = movement from
one place to another Adaptation = adjusting to new conditions What
do we mean when we say pre-history or pre-historic? Refers to the
time before written history.
Slide 3
Whats an artifact? An object made by humans that tells us
something about how they lived. Archaeologists have learned about
Utahs earliest residents by looking at artifacts & petroglyphs
* Petroglyphs are carvings or line drawings on rock, made by
prehistoric people.
Slide 4
How are they different? Archaeologists Anthropologists
Paleontologists
Slide 5
Archaeologists = study early people and their culture by
examining the material records (objects, structures, bones etc.)
that are left behind. Anthropologists = scientists who study living
humans- their societies, cultures and development Paleontologists =
scientists who study prehistoric life How are they different?
Slide 6
Artifacts are primary sources of information! Primary Source =
original record or first hand account; something that was
made/written by someone who was there at the time. Example: A
journal written by a pioneer during their journey across the
plains. Secondary sources are items that were created by people who
were not there at the time of the historical events. Example: book
written about ancient Native Americans by a university
professor
Slide 7
You decide! Primary or Secondary Source? A film made today
about the Civil War ____________ Photos taken of a Civil War battle
_____________ A letter written by George Washington _____________ A
modern copy of an old rifle _____________ A rock painting made
6,000 years ago _____________
Slide 8
Utahs 4 Pre-historic Native American Cultures Paleo-Indians:
Nomadic Hunter Gatherers Lived all over North America Never settled
in once place very long The Archaic People: also known as Desert
Gatherers More advanced hunter-gatherers Lived in Utah after
pre-historic animals died out Made more advanced tools such as the
Atlatl Built simple, open shelters out of tree branches & dirt
called wiki-ups Atlatl spear thrower
Slide 9
Write-Pair-Share Use the class textbook to learn about the last
two pre-historic groups the Anasazi and Fremont people p. 48-51 in
textbook Find a partner, each of you pick one of the groups to read
about Pull out a blank sheet of paper and fold it so there are 8
squares AnasaziFremont Where they lived What they ate Tools and
weapons they used What was their housing like
Slide 10
AnasaziFremont Lived along the San Juan river at the
four-corners (the Southwest). Very dry area. Lived in the dry
valleys and mountains of the Great Basin. Different climates in
each area. - Gathered plants, seeds, and berries - Grew corn,
beans, squash, cotton. - Dried food and stored it during winter.
Many full time farmers grew corn, beans, squash along the river.
Some were hunter-gatherers Used bow & arrow to hunt deer,
sheep, bison, antelope, and rabbit. Made baskets, bags, pottery,
necklaces, and knives. Gray pottery, baskets, moccasins, and clay
figurines. Made clothing from leather & fur. Pit houses or
cliff-side apartments made of stones and mud. Circular pit houses
that were partially underground. Made roofs out of wood poles and
mud plaster. Fire in the middle of the pit house Lived Food Weapons
& Tools Housing
Slide 11
Unit packet p. 3 journal: What is your earliest memory? How old
were you?
Slide 12
What were the four pre-historic groups that we learned about
yesterday? 1. 2. 3. 4.
Slide 13
Fremont Anasazi Pre-historic American Indians Map
Slide 14
What is an observation? Involves gathering information about
something. o Ex. when you look at an artifact and observe its
shape, size, what it is made of etc. What is an inference? Using
the information you have gathered to make a guess about what the
object might have been used for/what it tells us about the people
who used it.
Slide 15
Mystery of the Anasazi Film What are some of the reasons the
Anasazi disappeared from Utah? Which reason do you think is most
believable?