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ALL RIGHTS RESERVEDNo part of this document may be reproduced without written approval from Limkokwing University of Innovative Technology, Botswana
COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
Chapter 1Introduction to
Computers
ALL RIGHTS RESERVEDNo part of this document may be reproduced without written approval from Limkokwing University of Innovative Technology, Botswana
COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
Where can you find computers?
• Computers are everywhere
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
The Digital Revolution
What is computer literacy?• Knowledge and understanding of computers and
their uses
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
How is a computer defined?• Electronic machine operating
under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
Characteristics of Computer
– Accepts data
– Manipulates data
– Produces results
– Stores results
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
DataRaw facts,
figures, and symbols
InformationData that is organized,
meaningful, and useful
What are data and information?
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is the information processing cycle?
Input
Output
Storage
Communication
Process
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
Who is a user?• Person who
communicates with a computer or uses the information it generates
• Output from one system could form input to another system, hence the later system becoming user also.
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
SoftwareInstructions that
tell hardware how to perform tasks
HardwareElectronic and
mechanical equipment
What are hardware and software?
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What are common computer hardware components?
printer
scanner
speakerPC camera
microphonedigital camera
system unit
keyboard
modem
monitor
mouse
speaker
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is an input device?• Hardware used to enter data and instructions
scanner
microphone
keyboard
mouse
PC camera
digital camera
Barcode reader
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is an output device?
• Hardware that conveys
information to a user
printer
monitorspeakers
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is the system unit?
• Box-like device containing electronic components connected to motherboard
• Also called a chassishard disk drive(inside case)
CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive
floppy disk drive
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
Memory• Temporary holding place for data
and instructions
What are two main components on the motherboard?
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Also called a processor
• Carries out instructions that tell computer what to do
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is a chip?• Device with microscopic pathways that
carry electrical currents• Attaches to
motherboard
processor chip packaging
memory chip
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is storage?• Holds data, instructions, and information for future use
StorageDevice
• Records and retrieves items to and froma storage medium
Storage Medium
• Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
CD-RW drive
hard disk drive
CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive
ZIP® drivefloppy disk drive
What are common storage devices or drives?
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is a hard disk?
• Provides much greater storage capacity than a floppy disk
removable hard disk
self-contained hard disk
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is a compact disc? • Portable storage media
– CD-ROM
– CD-RW
– DVD-ROM
– DVD+RW
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is miniature storage media?• Portable, thin, credit card size memory • Used in digital cameras and
handheld computers
Memory card miniature storage media
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
Communications device
• Establishes a connection between two computers using cable, telephone lines,and satellites
• One type is a modem
modem
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
Categories of computers
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What are the two most popular series of personal computers?
PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system
Apple Macintosh usesthe Macintosh operating system (Mac OS)
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is a notebook computer?
• Portable, small enough to fiton your lap
• Also called a laptop• Generally more
expensive thana desktop computer
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is a handheld computer?
• Small computer that fits in your hand
• Also called a palmtop or pocket computer
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
How do you input data with ahandheld computer? Keyboard Stylus Speech
recognition Handwriting
recognition
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)?• Provides personal
organizer functions – Calendar– Appointment book– Address book– Calculator– Notepad
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
What are Web-enabled handheld computers?• Allow wireless Internet access
Web-enabled two-way pager
Web-enabled cellular telephone
Web-enabled handheld computer
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COMP101 Introduction to Computer Skills
Large Business
What are five categories of computer users?
HomeMobile
Small Office/Home Office Power
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