CHAPTER-VI POULTRY DEVELOPMENT IN …shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/85277/14/14...CHAPTER-VI POULTRY DEVELOPMENT IN KARNATAKA 6.0 Introduction Karnataka has livestock and

CHAPTER-VI

POULTRY DEVELOPMENT IN KARNATAKA

6.0 Introduction

Karnataka has livestock and Poultry population of 7.53 crores as per the results of the

18th Livestock census 2007. The share of Karnataka in all India livestock and poultry

population was 5.83% and 6.48% respectively.

Karnataka is the third largest producer of poultry meat and Fifth largest producer of eggs

in the country. The State produces about 70 lakh eggs daily and about 40 million kg of meat per

annum. The poultry industry is presently in an un-organised state and is dominated by several

large private players.

The Karnataka State Poultry Farmers' Welfare Association has urged the government to

bring poultry farming in the agriculture sector. Poultry farmers are also demanding that benefits

given to farmers be extended to them. To condemn the government's alleged reluctance to

consider the demands of poultry farmers, the association has planned protests on Monday at all

district and taluk headquarters. Over 40,000 families across the State, comprising both poultry

farmers and agricultural labourers, were dependent on poultry farming for livelihood. As poultry

farming was neither considered under animal husbandry nor agriculture, poultry farmers were

being denied benefits such as loans at low interest rates and power subsidy. Punjab, Gujarat,

Haryana and Andhra Pradesh governments had given agriculture tag to poultry farming.

Karnataka Co-operative Poultry Federation Ltd (KCPFL), presently provides marketing

support, training and inputs to the farmers through co-operative societies. There are at present

10,000 poultry farmers in the state. About 62 primary poultry co-operative societies are

functioning under the federation while 15 more would be formed this year. About seven such

societies have been provided assistance and plans are a foot to assist few more.

Marketing of the produce is the main problem faced by the farmers as the market is

controlled by the middlemen. As the prices are not regulated they are subject to wild fluctuations

219

on a daily basis. The federation is not in a position to intervene as it does not have sufficient

funds nor the necessary infrastructure.

QuaHty is also a key issue being faced by the industry. The study will also help us

formulate quality control norms. It will also help us assess the kind of intervention required and

also to formulate regulator mechanisms. The thrust area for the federation is to improve the

health conditions of the birds.

As per estimates, investments to the tune of Rs 500-600 crore has already gone into the

sector and there is scope for further investments. The poultry sector has got good growth

potential, that growth rate has been between 10-15 percent annually. The produce is not only

consumed in the State but also sent to neighbouring states while a small quantity is exported to

West Asia and South-East Asian Countries. The Kamataka Co-operative Poultry Federation Ltd

(KCPFL), the apex body of poultry co-operatives in the State, is commissioning a

comprehensive study of the poultry industry to assess the present situation and future prospects

of the sector.

6.1 Poultry Development in Karnataka

Poultry development is carried out by the Department, through a network of 26 poultry

farms. The details of these farms/institutions are provided below.

• State Poultry Breeding and Training Centre, Hessarghatta, Bangalore,

• Three Regional Poultry Breeding and Training Centres at Malavalli, Gangavathi and

Haveri

• Eight District Poultry Rearing and Training Centre at Gulbarga, Davanagere, Kudlige,

Bidar, Bijapura, Gundlupet, Mangalore «& Kolar

• Fourteen Poultry Rearing Centres at Tumkur, Shimoga, Raichur, Kumta, Kundapur,

Chickmagalur, Ponnampet, Hassan, Ramanagaram, T. Narasipura, Holenarasipura, Koila,

Kurikuppe and Belgaum The key activities undertaken for the development of poultry in

Kamataka include:

220

• Breeding and rearing of Giriraja parent stock of birds under the scientific breeding

system, franchising with the University of Agricultural Sciences, Poultry Division,

Bangalore.

• Production and supply of day old "Giriraja" chicks, to the farmers and departmental

rearing centres.

• Rearing and supply of "Giriraja" birds of eight weeks to the beneficiaries under various

socio-economic schemes at no loss no profit basis.

• Imparting training in respect of modem poultry farming in both layers and broilers and

preparation of project reports.

• Providing disease diagnostic facilities.

Kamataka produces 1.3 crore eggs each day and Bangalore consumes about 45 lakh eggs

every day. The price of one kilogram of chicken hovers around Rs.90 now, while production

costs over around Rs. 65 for a kilogram. The price of one egg was Rs.3.50ps while production

costs over around Rs. 2.80 per egg, leading to very small profit.

6.2 Need for Poultry Development

In the recent years, the poultry farming has made rapid strides from a family occupation

to a progressive industry. Poultry meat is the fastest growing component of global meat

production, consumption and trade, with developing economies like India playing a leading role

in the expansion. The share of poultry meat in total meat production has increased from 19.79%

in 1981 to 30.14% in 2002 at world level and from 4.46 % in 1981 to 12.10 % in 2002 in India.

Kamataka produced around 19,730 tonnes of meat in the year 2009-10. Kamataka stands 7'*" in

the production of eggs by different states. Egg production during 2006-07 and 2007-08 by the

leading states of India are provided in the table below.

221

Table 6.1

Egg Production of Different States, During 2006-07 and 2007-08

State Andhra Pradesh Haryana

Kamataka

Kerala

Maharashtra

Orissa

Punjab

Tamil Nadu

West Bengal

India

2006-07 159411 39596

19497

11987

33950

14246

37740

80435

30386

506629

2007-08 175884 40727

20385

13831

34640

15479

37914

83937

30542

535328

Source: Dept. of Animal Husbandry and Vet. Services

With several initiatives undertaken by the Department, the egg production has improved

drastically over the last few years. The total egg production in Kamataka has increased to 29,083

in the year 2009-10 compared to 19,497 in the year 2006-07.

Table 6.2

Total Egg Production in Different Seasons during 2009-10 (in thousands)

Season

Summer

Rainy

Winter

Overall 2009-10

Egg Production

Desi

1764

1821

1640

5225

Improved

8099

8045

7714

23858

Total

9863

9866

9354

29083

Source: Dept. of Animal Husbandry and Vet. Services

222

Backyard poultry is one of the major sources of income to the farmers. However, the true

potential of the poultry fanning has not been utilized due to many issues.Some of the key issues

are listed below.

a. Lack of knowledge of scientific practices of poultry farming

b. Poor health care and disease control

c. Lack of capacity building

d. Lack of organized market channels for inputs and outputs

e. Inability to raise certain improved breeds under the farm conditions

f. Poor egg production from the breed of birds used in the backyard poultry

Recent development in the poultry farming are driven by a shift in industry structure

toward integrated ownership and coordination of the input, production and marketing operations

involved in poultry production. This project with all these components of vertical integration

would help substantially to the poultry farming of the region.

6.3 Present Status: Poultry Population Dynamics and Productivity

The Poultry population of Kamataka is 420.67 lakh as per 2007 Livestock Census and

has made a record growth of 73.56% over the previous Census. The total layer population

estimated during 2010-11 was 155.59 lakh out of which 101.08 lakh were improved layers and

54.51 lakh were desi birds. There was 4.07% increase in total layer population in 2010-11 over

that in 2009-10. There are more than 40 hatcheries in Kamataka producing about 374 lakh

broiler chicks and 96 lakh layer chicks. Egg production in the state is estimated to be 30674 lakh

comprising of 5505 lakh from desi layers and 25169 lakh eggs from improved layers. The per-

capita availability of eggs is around 50 eggs during 2010-11 as against 47 eggs in the previous

year.

During 2011-12 health services for livestock and poultry were rendered through a

network of 4110 veterinary institutions comprising 371 veterinary hospitals.

The Government introduced the Poultry Feed Act to maintain the quality of Poultry feed.

There are 23 poultry farms in the state which fiinction under the technical guidance of the

Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services. The major developmental activities

223

are breeding and rearing of Giriraja Parent Stock and supplying chicks to the farmer4s and

rearing centers of the Department. In 2009-10 and 2010-11 2384 and 1739 persons respectively

were trained in poultry rearing. About 1.07 lakh and 85310 Giriraja chicks were produced

respectively during these two years. In 2011-12 upto December 2011, 30782 chicks were reared

and 1493 persons were trained. The progress has marginally declined due to incidence of

Salmonella diseases.

6.3.1 Developmeiital Departments and their role in Poultry Development

> The Government agencies involved in poultry development in the state are Department of

Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Services and Kamataka Co-operative Poultry

Federation. Poultry development in the state is being done by the Kamataka Government

through 12 Poultry Farms, 13 Extension Centres and 5 Intensive Poultry Development

Projects. Among these, the major farm is located at Hessaraghatta, Bangalore which is

engaged in scientific poultry breeding operations. The eleven Regional Poultry Farms are

engaged in production of day old commercial Giriraja chicks. Poultry health coverage

including vaccinations of Ranikhet Disease is provided at all the Veterinary dispensaries

and Polyclinics of the DAH & VS.

> DAH also provides training to the farmers and the service personnel on improved

practices and supply of Giriraja birds. Under Mahila Abhivruidhi Yojana units of Giriraja

birds are distributed to women at nominal rates.

> The Kamataka Cooperative Poultry Federation is also implementing Poultry Component

ofRKVY.

> The sub centers of federation will be strengthened, Layer and Broiler poultry units will be

established and Giriraja bird rearing will be promoted.

> Retail chicken dressing outlets will be established in 178 taluks.

> Poultry products will be transported through cold chain transport vehicles.

> Feed Mixing plants, hatchery units, disease diagnostic labs, cold storages and godowns

will be established.

> An amount of 2795.93 lakh has been sanctioned under this scheme.

224

> The scheme is being implemented in a phased manner over a period of 4 years. During

2008-09 this was implanted in Dharwar sub center of federation with an amount of ? 715

lakh.

6.3.2 Role of Karnataka Poultry Farmers and Breeders Association (KPFBA):

The Karnataka Poultry farmers & Breeders Association was established in the year 1991.

Objectives of KPFBA:

1) To promote organized development of poultry farming in the State of Karnataka.

2) To represent poultry farming needs to the union government, state governments & all

bodies that impact the poultry farming activity in Karnataka.

3) To collect & maintain information of poultry farming activity in the state. Sharing the

same with its members, Government bodies & policy makers of the State.

4) To liaise between poultry farming community, educational institutions & research

institutions.

5) To represent Karnataka Poultry farming activity to other associations, nationally &

internationally.

Few decades ago, poultry farming was a primitive, backyard village activity. Today this

agricultural activity has moved a long way coming to a position of creating employment

opportunity close to 5 Lakh families in the state of Karnataka.

With these statistics, members of KPFBA are contributing to

job creation & improving socio-economic status in rural India. Financially impacting the

agricultural sector of the state. KPFBA would be a one point of contact for information on

poultry activity in the state for its citizens, consumers, its members, state government «fe central

government.

6.3.3 Assistance to develop broiler poultry farm (500 capacity) for unemployed youth

This is a state Government scheme in which the beneficiary will be given subsidy at 25%

of unit cost for general promoters and 33% for SC/ST to establish a broiler farm of 500 capacity.

The scheme was implemented in 16 districts viz. Bagalkot, Koppal, Gadag, Dharwad, Haveri,

Bellary, Davangere, Udupi, Kolar, Bangalore (U), Mandya, Hassan, Mysore & Ramnagara in the

225

year 2009-10 and in 7 districts viz. Bidar, Gulbarga, Yadgir, Bijapur, Belgaum.and U. Kannada

in the year 2010-11.

6.3.4 Karnataka Cooperative Poultty Federation Ltd. (KCPF)

The KCPF started functioning since 1995 and the main objectives of federation is to

establish Poultry farmers cooperative societies, providing health coverage and disease

surveillance, loan assistance through financial institutions and impart modernised training to the

poultry farmers. There are 5 Regional Centres of the federation to fulfill the above objectives. In

all 83 Primary poultry co-operative societies are affiliated to the federation. In addition to the

above mentioned activities for poultry development, the Federation is undertaking awareness

creation amongst public regarding Avian Influenza and other emerging diseases through

meeting, seminars, workshops etc., by the State Level Animal Disease Emergency Committee.

6.3.5 Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (subsidy)

The erstwhile Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (IFL and Interest subsidy) has been

converted into Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (subsidy) scheme. This is the first year of

operation of the scheme.

The Objective of the scheme is to encourage poultry farming, improve production and

productivity, provide quality meat in hygienic conditions, facilitate rearing of other poultry

species like quails, ducks, turkeys, etc.

6.3.6 Margin/Subsidy

At 25 % (33.33% for SC/ST) will be given as capital subsidy on the maximum project

cost. Eligible Components are - Breeding farms for low input technology birds, central grower

units, hybrid layers, hybrid broilers, rearing other species of poultry, feed mixing unit, disease

investigation laboratory, transport vehicles - open cage and refrigerated, retail dressing outlets,

retail marketing outlets, mobile marketing units, cold storage for poultry products, egg/broiler

carts, large processing units, emu processing units, feather processing units, technology

upgradation.

226

6.3.7 Ground Level Credit (GLC) Flow

The district-wise DCP targets and achievements for the period from 2008-09 to 2010-11

are given in the following. The ground level credit flow for poultry sector, registered an

impressive growth of 264% during 2010-11 over the previous year.

Table 6.3

Ground Level Credit Flow in the District during 2008-09 to 2010-11 (in lakh)

Target

Achievement

2008-09

15255.00

5730.00

2009-10

17297.00

7316.14

2010-11

22729.55

26686.00

Source: Annual Report of Dept of A.H

6.4 Refinance Disbursements

Out of total refinance disbursement of Rs 980.13 crore in 2010-11, the share of Poultry

sector is Rs 12.88 crore. The refinance disbursements have registered a growth of 31.71% during

2010-11 over 2009-10 (Rs 9.78 crore in 2009-10). Among the various agencies, KSCARDB

absorbed 47.43% of refinance of the total disbursements under poultry sector followed by CBs

(46.31%), RRBs (5.89%) and SCB (0.35%). Under Poultry sector Bangalore (U) availed

maximum refinance (Rs. 716.70 lakh) followed by Bangalore (R) (Rs. 295.12 lakh) and

Kolar(Rs 162.36 lakh).

6.5 Potential linked credit plans (PLPs) projections - 2012-13

The PLP projections for the state have been estimated at Rs 33766.85 lakh.

6.6 Infrastructural Gaps and Action Points Suggested

• Regional disparity in development: Kamataka is one of the leading poultry states,

however, regional disparity in the development of this sector across the districts needs to

be addressed. (Action : Poultry Industry, DAH&VS)

227

Status of Poultry as Industry or Agriculture : There is considerable ambiguity regarding

the status of poultry as to whether it is 'agriculture' or 'industry'. In the process, the sector

is not enjoying the benefits of either industry or agriculture. (Action : DAH & VS)

Working Capital needs of poultry farmers : The working capital needs of the poultry

farmers may be take into account while fixing the limits for KCC.,( Banks)

Disease Monitoring System and Biosecurity measures in poultry : In order to save the

poultry farmers from the losses resuhing due to Avian Flu scare or outbreaks of other

contagious and infectious diseases in and out of the country, effective disease monitoring

system to be established. Also, while financing for poultry adherence to Biosecurity

norms may be strictly followed especially the guidelines on the distance between the

poultry farms need to be followed. (Action : Banks)

Establishing common incinerator facilities : To ensure effective biosecurity use of

incinerators may be encouraged and infrastructure for common incinerator facilities may

be established at major poultry producing blocks. (Action Poultry Industry, DAH&VS)

Contract Fanning for Maize and Soya : As maize and soya are the major ingredients of

poultry feed contract farming for maize and soya needs to be encouraged to enable the

supply of these feed ingredients at affordable price, private poultry feed manuufacturers

support for the same may be obtained from (Action : Integrators, Banks, DAH & VS,

GoK)

As the maize and soya are stored in silos and not in godowns silos for maize and soya

may be included under AMI scheme (Action : DMI, Gol)

Encouraging rearing of low input technology birds : SHGs may be encouraged to rear

brooding units of commercial Giriraja chicks. Such units may be credit linked. Assistance

from Backyard Poultry Scheme can be sought for. (Action : Banks, DAH & VS).

Encouraging poultry infrastructure and marketing support : The private entrepreneurs

should be encouraged to establish units for poultry processing and marketing. For this,

support from Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (Subsidy) may be obtained. The farmers /

entrepreneurs need to be given training in various aspects of Poultry farming (Action :

Banks, DAH & VS, KCPF)

Operational issues of Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (subsidy): Controlling offices of

banks and the DAHVS at District level may sensitize the bank manahers' and fanners

228

respectively about the operational aspects of the scheme. (Action : Banks, DAH & VS,

KCPF)

6.7 KARNATAKA - AT A GLANCE

Kamataka is the Sixth largest state in India with a human population of 528.50 lakhs and

a density of 275 persons per sq.km.(2001,Human census).According to the Livestock census in

the state.during the year 2003 (provisional),the population of poultry is 255.93 lakhs.

Animal Husbandry plays a vital role in determining the agricultural economy of the state.

The main occupation of more than 75% of the rural population is agriculture and allied activities,

production from the domesticated animals and poultry like, milk, meat, wool and eggs has

become subsidiary occupation of the farmers in the state. There is a total of 56 poultry farms in

the state, four of them under the AH. Dept and the remaining in the private sector. Similarly,

there is only one duck breeding farm in the state.

Poultry keeping is one of the best practice available for an integrated rural development

and to bring about socio-economic transformation of small entrepreneurs. Poultry assures greater

importance from subsidiary status to a main occupation. Majority of the farmers in Central Dry

Zone of Kamataka practice poultry farming as tertiary occupation for their livelihood. The

economic viability of the poultry unit mainly depends on the production and productivity of the

birds for which the farmers should adopt scientific technology. There exists a gap between adopt

scientific technology. There exists a gap between the available technology and its utilization by

the clientele. Hence, the trail aimed to find out the opinion of the poultry farmers on the one hand

and their knowledge and attitude towards the newly introduced Girirani chicks on the other.

Girirani a strain of poultry produced by the Dept. of Avian Production, UAS Bangalore

as a better substitute to the desi birds with respect to the egg production. Backyard poultry

rearing is a common subsidiary occupation in most of the villages in Kamataka. Farmers rear

poultry for the purpose of egg production and meat purpose and also as a source and means of

income.

229

Progress achieved during the year 2005-06:

Giriraja eggs produced 3,78,334

Giriraja chicks produced 1,39,466

111. Persons trained 2,723

During the year 2005-06 under Centrally Sponsored Scheme "Assistance to State Poultry

Farms"- the Regional Poultry and Training Centre, Malavalli has been provided with Rs.69,000

lakhs which includes a central share of 80% is Rs. 55.00 lakhs and state share of 20% which

constitutes s. 14.00 lakhs for strengthening of infrastructure, rearing of 4000 Giriraja parent stock

production of 2.2 lakhs Giriraja chicks and to provide training to poultry farmers etc.,.

In Kamataka recently. Layer poultry farms are increasing district like in - Hosapet,

Davanagere, Raichur and Challakere. Alternative atmosphere in these regions to Isreal birds of

poultry. And also in these regions Maize crop expanded caused increasing production of egg and

poultry farms.

Table 6.4

Quick Facts Figures for Poultry Production in Karnataka during 2011-12

Layer population (Lakhs) Av.egg per layer per year Total of egg production Price of egg (" per dozen) 2011-12 Per-capita availability of eggs

Desi 46.78 192

3713850 42 20

Improved 54.23 360

3011080 45 31

Total 101.01

-

7027700 --

Source: Field Survey

Table 6.5

Percentage of Households with Different Livestock in Karnataka during 2011-12

Bovines

Poultry

Sheep

Goats

Pigs

51.41

24.00

7.82

12.02

0.60

Source: Field Survey

It can be seen from the table that during the year under report, only 24% of the

households possessed poultry.

230

Table 6.6

Percentage Distribution of Poultry Units of Different Sizes in Karnataka during 2010-11

and 2011-12

Size of Poultry unit (No. of

birds)

1-5

6-10

11-15

16-20

21-25

26-30

31 & above

Total

Percentage Distribution of Poultry Farmers

2010-11

44.92

29.12

13.62

6.15

3.82

1.55

0.82

100

2011-12

35.28

28.20

15.33

10.46

7.02

2.17

1.54

100

Source: Field Survey

It can be observed from the table that majority of the poultry farmer's possessed small

number of poultry during 2011-12. More than 30 birds were possessed by only 1.54% of the

households. This pattern has continued in the current year also.

6.8 Poultry Population

Table 6.7

District wise Population of Poultry Birds in Karnataka

SI. No

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

District

Bangalore(U)

Bangalore(R)

Belgaum

Bellary

Bidar

Bijapur

Chickmangalur

Total Poultry

639838

3893772

847189

2077955

588688

368430

440469

231

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

Chitradurga

D. Kannada

Dharwad

Gulbarga

Hassan

kodagu

Kolar

Mandya

Mysore

Raichur

Shimoga

Tumkur

Uttara Kannada

Bagalkote

Chamarajanagar

Davangere

Gadag

Haveri

Koppala

Udupi

Total

897337

868440

306939

733497

756602

268343

1904022

729011

1788000

534469

569479

639816

564887

837447

227753

1520386

139052

511390

2097692

841893

2,55,92,796

Source: Kamataka at a Glance 2004-05

6.9 Layer and Egg Production

Table 6.8

Estimates of Layer Population and Production in India

Items

Desi

Unit

No

Estimates of Population

(layer)

2002-03

84420

2003-04

46776

%change in

2002-03 over

previous year

-44.59

Population as

per census

2003

46543

%

Change

in 2002

over 2003

0.50

232

Improved

Total

No

No

51154

135574

54233

101009

6.02

-25.49

53962

100505

0.50

0.50

Yield per layer per year

Desi

Improved

No

No

94

234

97

235

3.14

0.43

-

-

-

-

Egg Production

Desi

Improved

Total

Lakh No

Lakh No

Lakh No

7933

11994

19927

4529

12748

17277

-42.91

6.29

-13.30

-

-

-

-

-

-

Source: Kamataka at A Glance 2004-05

6.10 Estimation of Karnataka Poultry Production Trend:

6.10.1 EGGS:

> Kamataka is 7^ largest producer of eggs in India.

> Per-capita availability of eggs is 50 per year.

Figure 6.1 Egg Production (in millions )

• Egg Production

H 2005-06

H 2006-07

H 2007-08

U 2008-09

u 2009-10

Source: Economic Survey of India, Annual report of Department of Animal Husbandry

233

Table: 6.9

Karnataka Year wise Poultry Population:

Year

1951

1956

1961

1966

1972

1977

1983

1990

1997

2003

2007

Poultry

5705132

7667845

8840947

8276797

10163177

9696012

12096535

15693580

21398756

24450809

42433692

Source: Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services

Department, Economic Survey of Karnataka 2011-12. PP.A-63.

As shown in the above table during 1951-2007, the poultry population has been

increased.

Table.6.10

District wise population and production performance of layers in Karnataka for the year

2003-04

SI.

No

1

2

3

4

5

6

District

Bangalore(U)

Banga!ore(R)

Belgaum

Bellary

Bidar

Bijapur

Population ('000)

835

2097

3685

1385

752

1643

586

525

403

6458

260

195

Yield

per layer

(Nos)

84

88

91

102

103

100

Egg production (lakhs)

226

229

234

231

237

238

69

185

336

143

77

163

132

120

93

1495

63

47

201

305

429

1638

140

210

234

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

Sou re

Chickmagalur

Chitradurga

D. Kannada

Dharwad

Gulbarga

Hassan

Kodagu

Kolar

Mandya

Mysore

Raichur

Shimoga

Tumkur

Uttara Kannada

Bagalkote

Chamarajanagar

Davengere

Gadag

Haveri

Koppala

Udupi

Total

e: Kamataka at a C

1550

892

2520

460

3539

2468

1159

3447

2501

1985

1365

2148

2719

1482

1558

784

1396

556

1032

922

1898

46776

ilance 2004-C

92

252

454

469

110

584

128

1211

354

4913

1477

654

303

961

3602

363

9635

289

1366

18390

200

54233

15

96

100

92

91

99

94

88

103

98

100

103

94

100

97

100

101

98

98

102

101

103

97

235

238

231

232

239

238

237

239

239

238

241

233

236

236

239

237

235

234

236

235

238

235

149

89

234

41

348

232

99

354

245

200

140

202

155

144

155

81

137

55

106

93

179

4529

22

61

107

108

27

141

30

294

86

1169

361

153

862

227

862

86

2237

67

322

4319

48

12748

171

150

341

149

375

373

129

648

331

1369

501

355

1017

371

1017

167

2374

122

428

4412

227

17277

Table.6.11

Trend of layer population in Karnataka from 1976-77 to 2003-2004 (in Lakhs)

Year

1976-77

1977-78

1978-79

Desi

39.53

41.81

45.72

Improved

-

-

-

Total

39.53

41.81

45.72

235

1979-80

1980-81

1981-82

1982-83

1983-84

1984-85

1985-86

1986-87

1987-88

1988-89

1989-90

1990-91

1991-92

1992-93

1993-94

1994-95

1995-96

1996-97

1997-98

1998-99

1999-2000

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

Source: K

48.40

52.68

51.84

53.44

56.25

43.15

48.77

49.76

59.72

61.91

62.30

62.60

64.48

64.48

67.51

69.80

72.95

77.37

88.22

89.63

90.55

83.79

86.08

84.42

46.78

amataka a1

-

-

-

-

-

17.89

19.74

21.60

23.45

25.31

27.16

27.25

28.92

29.74

30.80

32.31

34.00

36.86

39.45

43.61

45.73

55.82

51.83

51.15

54.23

a Glance 2004-0

48.40

52.68

51.84

53.44

56.25

61.04

68.51

71.36

83.17

87.22

89.46

89.85

93.40

94.28

98.31

102.01

106.95

114.23

127.67

133.24

136.28

139.61

137.91

135.57

101.01

5

236

Table 6.12 A

Egg Production during 11*'' Five Year Plan in Karnataka (in Lakh)

Year

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

Total

Target

18616

18925

19239

19558

19883

96.221

Production

20385

23745

29083

30674

26234

130121

Source: Economic Survey of Karnataka 2011-12, PP. A-37 (Appendix-4.]

% of Achievement

109.5

125.47

151.17

136.00

131.94

135.23

17)

As shown in the above table, during 11* Five Year Plan in Karnataka state Egg Production, target and percentage of achievement has been increased 2007-08 to 2010-11, but in 2011-12 egg production has been decreased.

Table.6. 12 B

Meat Production during 11*** Five Year Plan in Karnataka

Year

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

Total

Target

107337

110458

113653

116949

120341

568738

Production

109953

114519

119247

123910

100061

567690

% of Achievement

102.44

103.68

104.92

100.56

83.15

99.82

Source: Economic Survey of Karnataka 2011-12, PP. A-37 (Appendix- 4.17)

As shown in the above table meat production in Karnataka state during 2007-08 to 2010-11 has been increased both Target and Production. But in 2011-12 decreased for meat production and percentage of achievement.

237

Table 6.13

Trend of av. egg yield per layer per year in Karnataka from 1976-77 to 2003-2004 (in No's)

Year

1976-77

1977-78

1978-79

1979-80

1980-81

1981-82

1982-83

1983-84

1984-85

1985-86

1986-87

1987-88

1988-89

1989-90

1990-91

1991-92

1992-93

1993-94

1994-95

1995-96

1996-97

1997-98

1998-99

1999-2000

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

Source: Kamat

Desi

-

-

-

~

-

-

-

-

126 121 119 100 97 97 97 96 96 96 96 98 94 96 97 96 97 95 94 97 aka at a G

Improved

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

249 248 248 248 248 248 249 249 248 249 249 249 244 245 246 245 235 234 234 235 ance 2004-05

Total

-

142 145 151 146 160 163 165 162 157 158 143 142 143 143 143 144 144 144 146 143 142 144 146 143 147 147 171

238

6.11 Broiler and Chicken Meat Production

Total number of poultry slaughtered in the state during 2003-04 was 151.41 lakhs. The

average meat yield per bird was 1.173Kg. A total of 17767 tones of poultry meat was produced

which accounted for 18.28% of the estimated meat production in the state which was 97220.

Table 6.14 District wise Population of Poultry in Karnataka:

SI. No

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

District

Bangalore(U)

Bangalore(R)

Belgaum

Bellary

Bidar

Bijapur

Chickmagalur

Chitradurga

D. Kannada

Dharwad

Gulbarga

Hassan

kodagu

Kolar

Mandya

Mysore

Raichur

Shimoga

Tumkur

Uttara Kannada

Bagalkote

Chamarajanagar

Meat Produced

(tones)

2232

3394

442

1037

59

65

312

436

612

156

86

942

292

2216

1073

735

146

319

1103

178

213

208

Meat yield per

bird (kg)

1.230

1.120

0.980

1.320

1.000

1.124

1.125

1.000

1.200

1.000

1.000

1.320

1.000

1.320

1.230

1.230

1.230

1.250

1.000

1.220

1.000

1.000

239

23

24

25

26

27

Davengere

Gadag

Haveri

Koppala

Udupi

Total

658

38

177

223

415

17767

1.230

1.250

1.000

1.000

1.320

1.173

Source: Kamataka at a Glance 2004-05

Table 6.15 Trend of Poultry Meat Production in Karnataka from 1976-77 to 2003-2004

Year

1996-97

1997-98

1998-99

1999-2000

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

No. of Poultry

slaughtered (in

lakhs)

110.56

123.57

128.96

131.92

134.56

137.90

135.57

151.41

Estimated

production (in

tones)

9928

11541

12806

13166

13771

13956

13896

17767

Av. meat

yield per

bird

0.898

0.934

0.993

0.998

1.023

1.012

1.225

1.173

Source: Kamataka at a Glance 2004-05

In Kamataka state alone, there are more than 22 lakh families falling below the poverty

line. In most such families, women are confined to the house, and even if she takes to work, the

meager earnings from the work will not be enough to provide two square meals to all the kids

and the family. The question of proper nourishment, health care and education many a times is

left not at all raised. To such families, an additional source of income can be a real boon to work

out the expenditure of priority areas of life village chicken rearing has a very high potential in

this regard due to low initial investment, lower maintenance, easier local marketing and faster

returns. It should be therefore proposed to take up a village poultry development programme

with Giriraja Chicken for the benefit of rural women, landless and economically weaker section

240

of Kamatako state. Each family when provided with 20 Giriraja birds can generate an additional

income of around Rs. 890/- month, in addition to the benefits in terms of improved health,

nutritional and social status (Devegowda, 2003)

6.12 Conclusion

We tried to obtain data from major hatcheries in Kamataka about broiler chicks supplied

to farms within the state. However, the hatcheries were not willing to divulge the information.

We had discussions with the Kamataka Federation of poultry farmers and here; too, we were not

able to figure out the total broiler production in Kamataka. State produced about 125 million

broiler birds. The average weight per live bird is assumed to range between 1.7 and 1.8 kg with

an average of 1.75 kg. A broiler with one kg of live weight yields 0.75 kg of meat when dressed

with skin and 0.70 kg if the skin is removed. Thus, the total broiler meat production in Kamataka

is estimated to be 1,64,062.5 tonnes (with skin) and 1,53,125 tonnes (skin-out). The estimated

broiler meat production during 2004 would be 1.94,062 tonnes (with skin) and 1,81,125 tonnes

(without skin), if we consider 2.07 kg as the average weight per live broiler as found in our

study.

The development of the Indian Poultry Industry has not just been in terms of size but also

in producivity, sophistication, image and versatility. The factors which have favored the

developm ni ofpoultry production during such a short span are: small initial investment, short

generation interval ofpoultry compared with other livestock species plentiful availability of

good quality chicks, quick and assured financial retums availability of trained manpower, better

understanc'ing and knowledge of improved and scientific methods of feeding, management and

health coi rol, planned R&D strategies governmental measures for easy availability of loans,

acceptance ofpoultry meat by all sections of society irrespective of caste, creed and religion and

the special role ofpoultry in alleviation poverty and malnutrition. With the industry attaining

self -sufficiency in almost all areas, including poultry breeding stock, feeds, health care and

equipments, the challenge ahead is three fold keeping down the feed prices at reasonable level

streamlining marketing of eggs and table poultry to ensure remunerative prices to the producers

and promoting backyard poultry farming under systematic training guidance.

241

We are a group of progressive and forward looking poultry farmers. Over the past few

years, our experience shows that although the poultry produces business worth around 60,000

crores annually in India, still the business is run in an unorganised manner where the actual

producer (Farmer) is not aware of the input cost and his sale price. While the input cost (Fixed

assets, feed , medicines and other consumables) is continuously increasing, that of the sale of

produce (Egg and Broilers) fluctuate very widely and more often than not the sale prices are

much lower than the production cost. This obviously results in avoidable heavy losses to the

producers and sometimes to the traders also. To run the business in more organised way it is very

essential for the producer and the trader to be continuously updated on the trends in cost

variation of inputs and sale rates, so that the overall business especially to the producer does not

run in darioiess and result in heavy losses to them.

Asa first step we have attempted to share the above information on daily/hourly basis to

the fellow farmers and traders to help bringing in transparency in poultry business.

242

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