Chapter Two: Spain in America Sections 3/4

7/31/2019 Chapter Two: Spain in America Sections 3/4

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Section 3 & 4


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The Spanish governed their colonies the waythey governed their own countryfrom the

top down.

They divided their new lands into fiveprovinces.

Viceroys represented each province.


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A complex class system was developed inSpains empire.

UPPER CLASS: Those born in Spain calledpeninsulares.

MIDDLE CLASS: Creoles, people born in the

Americas to Spanish parents.LOWER CLASS: mestizos, people with Spanish

and Indian parents.

EVEN LOWER CLASS: Native Americans


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In the 1500s, the Spanish government granted eachconquistador who settled in the Americas anencomienda, the right to demand taxes or labor fromNative Americans living on the land.

Bartolome de las Casas: He condemnedto cruel treatment of the Native Americans. Hereported abuses to the authorities in Spain and

pleaded for laws to protect the Native Americans.Because of these reports, (he said millions had died) in1542 the Spanish government passed the New Lawswhich forbade making slaves of Native Americans.


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Las Casas suggested replacing the Nativeslaves with African ones. (insert eye rolls

here)

He later regretted this, but the Spanishquickly took up his idea and importedenslaved Africans.


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Martin Luthers actions led to incredible

changes in Europe. Before he voiced his

beliefs, the countries of Europe had theirdifferences, but they were bound together bya common church.

For centuries, Catholicism had been the mainreligion of western Europe.


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Within a few years, Luther had manyfollowers. They broke away from Catholicism

to find their own Christian churches.

His protests were the start of a great religiousand historical movement known as theProtestant Reformation.


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From Germany, Luthers ideas spread rapidly.

John Calvin, a French priest, also broke away

from the Catholic Church.

Like Luther, Calvin rejected the idea that goodworks would ensure an individuals salvation.

He believed that God had already chosen thosewho would be saved. (Predestination)


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He also jumped on the bandwagonand left the Catholic Church.

He had a dispute with PopeClement VII over his marriage. The pope hadrefused Henrys request for a divorce.

This little scuffle created the Church ofEngland.


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Why are we talking about the ProtestantReformation? What does this have to do with

the price of bananas?

What are the consequences of the actionstaken by the Europeans?


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In addition to religious reasons, manyEuropeans came to the new land because of

the promise of great wealth. They watched as Spain drew riches from its

colonies. According to the economic theory of

mercantilism, a nations power was based on

its wealth.

Chapter Two: Spain in America Sections 3/4

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