Chapter Two: Chapter Two: Perception and Communication Perception and Communication
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Chapter Two:Chapter Two:Perception and CommunicationPerception and Communication
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Human PerceptionHuman Perception
Perception-How We Make Sense of the World
Perception is an Active Process
Processes are Overlapping and Continuous
Perceptionhttp://www.passia.org/seminars/2003/Communication-Khaleel-Isa.htm
Perceptionhttp://www.passia.org/seminars/2003/Communication-Khaleel-Isa.htm
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Human PerceptionHuman PerceptionSelectionSelection
Of What are We Conscious
Qualities of External Phenomena
Perceive What We Expect to Perceive
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
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Human PerceptionHuman PerceptionOrganizationOrganization
Constructivism and Schemata
Prototypes
Knowledge Structure
Most Representative Example of Category
Use Prototypes to Define Categories
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Constructivismhttp://digitalliteracy.mwg.org/constructivisim.html
Constructivismhttp://digitalliteracy.mwg.org/constructivisim.html
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Constructivism and Schemata
Human PerceptionHuman PerceptionOrganizationOrganization
Personal Constructs
Mental Yardsticks
Position People and Situations
Along Bipolar Dimension
More Detailed AssessmentM
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Constructivism and Schemata
Human PerceptionHuman PerceptionOrganizationOrganization
Stereotypes
Predictive Generalizations
Based on Category
May be Accurate or Inaccurate Mic
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Constructivism and Schemata
Human PerceptionHuman PerceptionOrganizationOrganization
Scripts
Way to Organize Perceptions
Guides Based on Personal Experience
Sequence of Activities Defining Expected Behavior
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Human PerceptionHuman PerceptionInterpretationInterpretation
Subjective Process of Explaining
Attributions
Locus - Internal or External
Stability - Stable or Unstable
Scope - Global or Specific
Responsibility - Within or Beyond
Personal ControlMic
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Human PerceptionHuman PerceptionInterpretationInterpretation
Self-Serving Bias
Construct Attributions Serving Our Interests
Positive Actions and Successes - Internal,
Stable, Global Attributions
Negative Actions or Failures - External,
Unstable, Specific Attributions
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Physiology - Sensory Abilities
Visual and Auditory Acuity
Influences on PerceptionInfluences on Perception
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
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Physiology - Sensory Abilities
Visual and Auditory Acuity
Physical Well Being
Influences on PerceptionInfluences on Perception
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
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Physiology - Sensory Abilities
Visual and Auditory Acuity
Physical Well Being
Age
Influences on PerceptionInfluences on Perception
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
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Influences on PerceptionInfluences on Perception Culture
Beliefs
Values
Understandings
Taken-For-Granted
AssumptionsMic
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Influences on PerceptionInfluences on Perception
Standpoint Theory
Social Communities
Race, Ethnicity, Gender, Economic Class,
Religion, Spirituality, Age, and Sexual Orientation
Power Positions in Social Hierarchies
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Influences on PerceptionInfluences on Perception
Social Roles
Roles Others Communicate to Us
Expectations of Role Fulfillment
Career Choices
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Influences on PerceptionInfluences on Perception
Cognitive Abilities
Cognitive Complexity
Person-Centered Perception Mic
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Enhancing Communication Enhancing Communication CompetenceCompetence
Perceptions, Communication, & Abstraction
Words Crystallize Perceptions
Labels Affect Perceptions
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Enhancing Communication Enhancing Communication Competence - ExampleCompetence - Example
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
Guidelines for Enhancing Guidelines for Enhancing CompetenceCompetence
Recognize All Perceptions are Subjective
Avoid Mind Reading
Check Perceptions with Others
Monitor Self-Serving Bias
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
The Job InterviewThe Job Interview
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Ch2: Perception and Communication
Copyright © 2006 Wadsworth
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