Chapter One Teaching Profession

Teaching may not be a lucrative position. It cannot guarantee financial security. It even means investing your personal time, energy, and resources. Sometimes it means disappointments, heartaches, and pains.

But touching the hearts of people and opening the minds of children can give you joy and contentment which money could not buy. These are the moments I teach for. These are the moments I live for. Dr. J.Biyo

Teaching: Mission and/or Job?If you are doing it only because you are paid for it, its a job; If you are doing it only for the pay but also for service,its a mission.If you quit because your boss is colleague criticized you,its a job; If you keep on teaching out of love, its a mission.

If you teach because it does not interfere with your other activities, its a job.If you are committed to teaching even if it means letting go of other activities,its a mission.If you quit because no one praises or thanks you for what you do,its a job.

If you remain teaching even though nobody recognizes your effort, its a mission.Its hard to get excited about a teaching job;Its almost impossible not to get excited about a mission.If our concern is success, its a job;If our concern is success plus faithfulness, Its a mission

An average school is filled by teachers doing their teaching job;A great school is filled with teachers involved ina mission of teaching.

The Teaching ProfessionDr. Rosemarie D. SabadoPTC-UNION COLLEGE

Chapter oneLesson1: Your Philosophical HeritageFive Philosophies of EducationPhilosophy of Education video.avi

EssentialismWhy teach?To transmit traditional moral values and intellectual knowledgeFor students to become model citizensTo acquire basic knowledge, skills and values

What to teach?Fundamental RsEmphasis on academic contentMath, Natural Science, History, Foreign Language and Literature Frown upon vocational courses or other watered down academic content.Teacher and administrator decide what is most important for students to learn.

How to teach?Emphasize mastery of subject matterTeachers serve as fountain of information and paragon of virtueObserve basic core requirementsRely on prescribed textbooksHeavy stress on memorization and discipline

William Bagley

PerennialismWhy teach?To develop the rational and moral powers

What to teach?Lessons from The Great BookLess emphasis on vocational and technical educationHumanities and General Education Robert Hutchins

How to teach?Teacher-centeredSocratic DialoguesMutual inquiry sessionsDo not allow students interests and experiences to substantially dictate what teachers teach

Socrates

ExistentialismWhy teach?Help students understand and appreciate themselves as unique individualsHelp students define their essenceExistence precedes essence

What to teach?HumanitiesIndividual creativity and imagination

How to teach?Focus on the individualSelf-paced and self-directedTeacher helps students know themselvesTeacher employs values clarification strategy

BehaviorismWhy teach?Modification and shaping of students behaviorFor students to exhibit desirable behavior in the society

What to teach?Teach students to respond favorably to various stimuli in the environment

How to teach?Arrange environmental conditions so that students respond to stimuli favorablyStimuli are made clear and interestingProvides positive reinforcement or incentives to give positive responses and weaken or eliminate negative responses

John Watson

ProgressivismWhy teach?To develop learners into becoming enlightened and intelligent citizensTeach learners to LIVE FULLY NOW

What to teach?Need-based and relevant curriculumStudents needsWhat relates to students personal life and experiencesNatural and Social Sciences

Progressivists accepts the impermanence of life and inevitability of change.

Progressivist teachers are more concerned with teaching the learners the skills they they need to cope with change.

Students solve problems in the classroom similar to those they will encounter outside the school.

How to teach?Use of new scientific, technological & social developmentsExperiential methodsProblem-solving method using scientific method Hands-on-minds-on method(field trips)Thought provoking games and puzzles

Click below for progressivism John DeweyTeaching.avi

ConstructivismWhy teach?To develop intrinsically motivated and independent learners adequately equipped with learning skills for them to be able to construct knowledge and make meaning of them

What to teach?Learners are taught how to learnThey are taught learning processes and skills

Learning Processes and SkillsSearching, critiquing and evaluating information Relating these pieces of information reflecting on the same ,making meaning out of them, drawing insights, posing questions, researching and constructing new knowledge out of these bits of information learned

How to teach?The teacher provides students with data or experiences that allow them to hypothesize, predict, manipulate objects, pose questions, research, investigate, imagine and invent.- Classroom is interactive. Teachers 'role is to facilitate dialogical exchange of ideas among learners and between teachers and learners.

LINGUISTIC PHILOSOPHY Why teach?To develop communication skills of the learners.Teachers teach to develop in the learner the skill to send messages clearly and receive messages correctly.What to teach?Language that is correct, precise, grammatical, coherent, accurate.

3 WAYS OF COMMUNICATION1. VERBAL-content of the message, choice and arrangement of words(oral or written)

2. NON-VERBAL- message we send through our body language.

3. PARAVERBAL-how we say what we say the tone, pacing and volume of our voices.

How to teach? -experiential way

Knowledge is constructed by the learners through an active, mental processes of development. Learners are the builders and creators of meaning and knowledge.

We have a very rich philosophical heritage. Aside from the ones discussed, we also have Rationalism, Empiricism, Pragmatism, Reconstructivism, Hedonism, Epicurianism, Confucianism and many more.

Here is a link that will show and discuss other Educational PhilosophiesBehaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism & Learning and Instructional Theory.avi

Test your understanding of the philosophies

Questions:Quiz on Philosophies.docAnswers:Answer on Quiz on Philosophies.doc

lesson twoFormulating Your Philosophy in education

What includes your Philosophy of Education?The human persons, the learner and the educated personsWhat is true and good that need to be taughtHow a learner must be taught in order to come close to the truth

For the Child or Learner: I believe that every child

Is capable of learningIs an embodied spirit and has dignityCan be influenced but not totally by his environmentIs unique

FOR Values development

I believe that there are unchanging values in changing times and these must be passed on to every child by my modelling, value inculcation and value integration in my lessons

For the Way of teachingReaching out to all children without biasMaking every child feel confident about himself/herselfTeaching the subject matter with masteryProviding every child activities meant to develop the body, the mind and the spirit

Foundational principles of morality and you

What is morality?

The quality of human acts by which we call them as right or wrong, good or evilHabit or character that is good and is not lacking of what is natural to man

Foundational moral principle

Princeps(L)-source

The universal normBasis of all other principles on the rightness or wrongness of an actionSource of moralityIngrained in mans nature

The Natural Law

Do good and avoid evil

Written in the hearts of menMans share in the Eternal Law of GodThe light of natural reasonDo Good and Avoid EvilOther Natural Laws

Eight BeatitudesEight Beatitudes.docPillars of IslamPillars of Islam.doc

Eight Beatitudes

Strive to knew the truthResolve to resist evilPractice proper forms concentrationControl their feelings and thoughtsSay nothing to hurt othersRespect life and moralityStrive to free their mind of evilEngage in a job that does not injure othersPillars of Islam

Prayer4. AlmsgivingSelf-Purification5. PilgrimageFasting

Four ways of describing GOOD MORAL CHARACTERBeing fully human-realizing ones potential as human beingBeing a loving person- caring in an unselfish and mature manner with yourself, others and GODBeing a virtuous person- acquiring good habits and attitudes and practicing them consistentlyBeing a morally mature person-reaching a level of development emotionally, socially, mentally, spiritually, appropriate to your level of developmental stage.

vAlues formation and you

Is there such a thing as right, unchanging and universal value?Is a right value for me, also a right value for you?Are the values that we, Filipinos, consider as right also considered by Japanese, Americans or Spaniards as right values?Are values dependent on time, place and culture?

Answer: depending on the camp you belong

1. IDEALIST- There are unchanging and universal valuesValues remain values regardless of time and space

Transcendent valuesBeyond changing times, beyond space and peopleThey remain to be a value even if no one values themValues for all people regardless of time and spaceAccepted as value everywhere

2. RELATIVIST - There are no universal and unchanging values.They assert that values are dependent on time and place.

Are values caught or taught?

Dimensions of valuesCognitiveNeed to know why we need to value suchThe heart of conversion and values formation

AffectiveOne has to feel and be moved towards the value

BehavioralTo live with the value

Values formationThe intellect proposes, the will disposesSt Thomas Aquinas

Virtuous vs. viciousVirtuousLiving the life with abundance of joyStrengthens a personA good habitLead by a moral person

ViciousLeads you to perdition and miseryGives adversities in life

Max schelers hierarchy of valuesScheler's Hierarchy of Values.xls

VALUES OF THE HOLY appear only in regard to objects intentionally given as absolute objects.beliefs, adoration & habits

SPIRITUAL VALUES values independent of the whole sphere of the body and of the environment- aesthetic values, values of right and wrong and values of pure knowledge

VITAL VALUES values pertaining to the well being of either of the individual or the communityHealth, vitality, values of vital feeling, capability and excellence

PLEASURE VALUES the pleasant against the unpleasant, the agreeable against the disagreeable- sensual feelings and experiences of pleasure or pain

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