Chapter Nineteen Conflict and Change in the West, 1865-1902.

Chapter Nineteen

Conflict and Change in the West, 1865-1902

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 19-2

Berkin, Making AmericaChapter 19

The most important factor in transforming Native American life on the Great Plains was

1. the introduction of the horse prior to the nineteenth century.

2. the confederation of tribes established by western Indians to resist white settlement.

3. the destruction of the great buffalo herds by an epidemic introduced by the animals of settlers from the East.

4. construction of irrigation systems that disrupted traditional migration routes.



The most important factor in transforming Native American life on the Great Plains was

1. the introduction of the horse prior to the nineteenth century.

Hint: Hunting on horseback increased the buffalo kill, which in turn led to a population increase and a higher standard of living. See page 570.



Federal government policy toward the Plains Indians during the second half of the nineteenth century included

1. moving them to reservations.

2. buying up their lands for very low prices.

3. settling as many as possible east of the Mississippi River.

4. breaking up their tribal groups.



Federal government policy toward the Plains Indians during the second half of the nineteenth century included

1. moving them to reservations.

Hint: The government planned for three large reservations. See pages 573–576.



The chief result of the massacre at Wounded Knee in 1891 was that it

1. began a new round of violence between the army and the Sioux.

2. helped restore the Powder River hunting ground to the Sioux.

3. marked the end of armed Indian resistance on the Great Plains.

4. ended a tradition of warfare between the Sioux and their Indian neighbors.



The chief result of the massacre at Wounded Knee in 1891 was that it

3. marked the end of armed Indian resistance on the Great Plains.

Hint: It was the last major armed confrontation between Native Americans and the U.S. Army. See page 576.



The Mormon settlers of Utah influenced development in other parts of the West by

1. undertaking construction of the first transcontinental railroad.

2. inventing new ways to mine large quantities of ore at low cost.

3. developing major new routes for pioneers traveling to California.

4. establishing a model for the control of water rights.



The Mormon settlers of Utah influenced development in other parts of the West by

4. establishing a model for the control of water rights.

Hint: They established precedents for diverting water for irrigation projects. See page 577.



The Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads constructed the nation’s first transcontinental line

1. to supply the army in its wars against the Plains Indians.

2. because the depression of 1873 drove workers’ wages down.

3. with the help of federal government support.

4. thanks to the entrepreneurial skill of Andrew Carnegie.



The Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads constructed the nation’s first transcontinental line

3. with the help of federal government support.

Hint: See page 582.



The most lasting problem faced by white settlers on the Great Plains was

1. destruction of crops by annual locust plagues.

2. attacks by Indians.

3. insufficient rainfall.

4. overgrazing by cattle driven to market by cowboys.



The most lasting problem faced by white settlers on the Great Plains was

3. insufficient rainfall.

Hint: The farmers who settled there discovered that rainfall was uncertain. See page 581.



Single women who settled on the Great Plains found that

1. opportunities for marriage were almost nonexistent because most settlers came in family groups.

2. it was preferable to keep moving farther west, eventually settling in new cities like San Francisco.

3. it was too dangerous to remain for any length of time.

4. they could rely on the Homestead Act to accumulate some wealth.



Single women who settled on the Great Plains found that

4. they could rely on the Homestead Act to accumulate some wealth.

Hint: After acquiring title to the land by meeting the terms of the Homestead Act, they would sell it. See pages 579–581.



The Reclamation Act of 1902 undertook to

1. promote the settlement of northern California.

2. build irrigation systems for small farms.

3. protect the salmon spawning grounds on the Columbia River.

4. regulate lumbering in the Pacific Northwest.



The Reclamation Act of 1902 undertook to

2. build irrigation systems for small farms.

Hint: In the sense that the act was intended in general to construct irrigation facilities. However, in the end, large landowners benefited the most. See page 586.



Chinese inhabitants in the West tended to congregate in their own communities in large cities because

1. tradition emphasized residence in close proximity to other Chinese people.

2. discriminatory state laws required it.

3. they encountered substantial violence in small towns.

4. the leaders of the Chinese community forced them to do so.



Chinese inhabitants in the West tended to congregate in their own communities in large cities because

3. they encountered substantial violence in small towns.

Hint: See pages 586–588.



The Dawes Severalty Act1. was designed to protect the integrity of Indian

culture.

2. aimed to assimilate Indians quickly into white society.

3. undermined the influence of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

4. was met with overwhelming approval by Indians.



The Dawes Severalty Act

2. aimed to assimilate Indians quickly into white society.

Hint: It sought to remake them into small-scale independent, landowning farmers. See pages 589–590.

Chapter Nineteen Conflict and Change in the West, 1865-1902.

Documents

plains indians

great plains was1

federal government policy

union pacific

century included1

central pacific railroads

great buffalo herds

end of armed indian