Chapter Four – The Bill of Rights Section One The first ten Amendments to the Constitution –W–While the Constitution describes the powers and authority.

Chapter Four – The Bill of RightsSection One

The first ten Amendments to the Constitution

– While the Constitution describes the powers and authority of the national government.

– The Bill of Rights describes the powers and rights of the American citizens.

– Ratified in 1791 – it shows the Framers strong belief in the principles of limited government.

Chapter Four –The Bill of RightsSection One

The First Amendment– Most widely known and discussed– Five basic freedoms

Speech Religion Press Assembly Freedom to petition the government

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Second Amendment– Allowed to serve in state militia and

bear arms– Realistic view of the right to bear arms

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Third Amendment– Limit the Government in quartering

soldiers peace time and in war time.

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Fourth Amendment– Protects citizens from illegal search and seizures.– Use of a search warrant

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Fifth Amendment– Cannot be tried without being indicted– Prevents double jeopardy– Right to remain silent– Due process of law– Eminent domain

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Sixth Amendment– Protects those accused of crimes

Told of charges Trial by jury Speedy trial Right to confront witnesses against

them Right to a lawyer

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Seventh Amendment– The right to trail by jury in civil (versus

criminal) cases over $20.00.

– Tort law

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Eighth Amendment– Prohibits excessive bail or fines– Prohibits cruel and unusual

punishment

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Ninth Amendment– Specifies that the rights listed in the

Constitution are not the individuals only rights.

– Many of the rights we enjoy are not listed in the Constitution, yet still protected.

Chapter Four –The Bill of Rights Section One

The Tenth Amendment– States that the rights not specifically assigned to

the national government, belong to the states or the people.

VS

Section One Terms

Define the following– Search warrant– Indict– Double jeopardy– Due process of law– Eminent domain– Bail

Chapter Four –The Bill of RightsSection Two

The First Amendment– Democracy requires an open exchange of ideas– Freedoms under the First Amendment are the

hallmarks of freedom.– New ideas allow a democracy to grow and change– Freedom of religion, press, speech, assembly and

petition are the foundation of America.

Chapter Four –The Bill of RightsSection Two

Freedom of Religion– Protects freedom of religion

in two ways Prohibits Congress from

establishing an official religion

– Separation of church and state

Allows citizens to practice religion as they wish

Chapter Four –The Bill of RightsSection Two

Freedom of Speech – Allowed to say what is on

their mind without fear of punishment, in public and/or private

Limits– Slander– Treason– “fire”

– Freedom of speech has been expanded to cover issues such as art, music and even clothing.

– “Interpretation and other’s rights”

Chapter Four –The Bill of RightsSection Two

Freedom of Press– Allowed to express

oneself in print– Magazines, books and

newspapers– Today includes TV, radio

and internet– Not only to publish, but

to read– libel

Chapter Four –The Bill of RightsSection Two

Freedom of Assembly– Assemble in groups as

long as they are peaceful– Attend meetings,

parades, rallies etc.– Right to form and join

organizations– Belong to any group

Chapter Four –The Bill of RightsSection Two

Freedom of Petition– The right to express our

ideas to the government– We can write our

representatives and request something or express our point of view

– They are not required to follow that request

Chapter Four –The Bill of RightsSection Two

Limits to the Freedoms– These freedoms do not

allow us to do things that would break the law.

– The rights of the individual are what make this country great, but the rights of the majority take precedent.

Section Two Terms

Define the following– Slander– Treason– Libel– petition

Chapter Four – The Bill of RightsExtendedSection Three

In 1791 the Bill of Rights did not apply to all people

– Women– African Americans– Children under 21

The “Civil War” Amendments– 13th Amendment ended slavery (1865)

Also, no forced labor except as punishment

Chapter Four – The Bill of RightsExtendedSection Three

The 14th Amendment– Defined U.S. citizen as anyone born or naturalized in

the United States– States forbidden from interfering with the “privileges or

immunities” of citizens of U.S. States cannot take away rights granted by Federal

Government

– Required every state to grant “equal protection of the laws”

Chapter Four – The Bill of RightsExtendedSection Three

The 15th Amendment– African American

granted suffrage, or right to vote

Poll tax Literacy test

Chapter Four – The Bill of RightsExtendedSection Three

Voting rights and elections– The 17th Amendment

Allowed citizens to elect Senators not state legislatures

– The 19th Amendment The Constitution did not grant suffrage to women, but it

did not deny it either. It was up to the individual states. Certain states and territories allowed women to vote Wyoming the first state in 1869

Chapter Four – The Bill of RightsExtendedSection Three

Voting rights and elections– The 23rd Amendment

Allowed the residents of Washington D.C. to vote in national elections (1961)

– “Taxation without representation”

– The 24th Amendment Eliminated the poll tax

– The 26th Amendment Lowered voting age from 21 to 18

Section Three Terms

Define the following– Suffrage– Poll tax