Chapter 9 Section 3 The Byzantine Empire. Rise of the Byzantines The Greeks were the largest group of people in the empire, but there were many other.

Chapter 9 Chapter 9 Section 3Section 3

The Byzantine The Byzantine EmpireEmpire

Rise of the ByzantinesRise of the Byzantines

The Greeks were the largest The Greeks were the largest group of people in the empire, group of people in the empire, but there were many other but there were many other peoples in the empire as well.peoples in the empire as well.

These included Egyptians, These included Egyptians, Syrians, Arabs, Armenians, Jews, Syrians, Arabs, Armenians, Jews, Persians, Slavs, and TurksPersians, Slavs, and Turks

ConstantinopleConstantinople

Constantine’s Constantine’s capital became capital became the capital of the the capital of the Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire

By AD 500s, By AD 500s, Constantinople Constantinople was thriving and was thriving and one of the world’s one of the world’s great cities. great cities.

Constantinople’s SuccessConstantinople’s SuccessLocation, location, location! It lay on Location, location, location! It lay on the waterways between the Black Sea the waterways between the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea. The harbors and the Aegean Sea. The harbors offered a safe shelter for fishing offered a safe shelter for fishing boats, trading ships, and warships. boats, trading ships, and warships.

Greek InfluenceGreek InfluenceCalled the “New Called the “New Rome”*Rome”*Emperors spoke LatinEmperors spoke Latinand enforced Romanand enforced Romanlaw**law**HippodromeHippodrome was was where chariot raceswhere chariot racestook placetook place

- Between AD 500 and - Between AD 500 and AD 1200, the AD 1200, the Byzantines were one Byzantines were one of the richest and of the richest and advancedadvanced societiessocieties

Byzantine Empire AD 550Byzantine Empire AD 550

Emperor JustinianEmperor Justinian

JustinianJustinian became became emperor of the emperor of the Byzantine Empire Byzantine Empire in AD 527 and in AD 527 and ruled until AD 565. ruled until AD 565.

Strong ruler who Strong ruler who controlled the controlled the military, made military, made laws, and was laws, and was supreme judge. supreme judge.

TheodoraTheodora

*Justinian’s wife *Justinian’s wife helped him run helped him run empireempire

For women’s rights*For women’s rights*

Helped Justinian Helped Justinian keep his throne in keep his throne in AD 532 when angry AD 532 when angry taxpayers stormed taxpayers stormed thethe palacepalace****

Justinian’s ConquestsJustinian’s Conquests

Wanted to reunite the Wanted to reunite the Roman Empire and Roman Empire and bring back Rome’s bring back Rome’s glory.*glory.*He ordered a general He ordered a general named named Belisarius ®Belisarius ® to to strengthen and lead strengthen and lead the Byzantine empire.**the Byzantine empire.**Their Their calvarycalvary, soldiers , soldiers mounted on horses, mounted on horses, were successful in were successful in conquering most of conquering most of Italy, northern Africa, Italy, northern Africa, and defeated the and defeated the Persians in the east.***Persians in the east.***

Justinian’s Law CodeJustinian’s Law Code

TribonianTribonian – headed the group of legal – headed the group of legal scholars ordered to reform the law scholars ordered to reform the law code.code.

This new simplified code became This new simplified code became known as the Justinian Law Code.known as the Justinian Law Code.

Has influenced on laws of almost Has influenced on laws of almost every country in Europe since thenevery country in Europe since then

Byzantine CivilizationByzantine Civilization

Lasted about 1000 years. Lasted about 1000 years.

Most of the time, Constantinople Most of the time, Constantinople was the richest and largest city in was the richest and largest city in Europe.Europe.

Byzantines were highly educated Byzantines were highly educated and creativeand creative

Preserved the Greek culture and Preserved the Greek culture and passed on Roman law to other passed on Roman law to other peoplepeople

Importance of TradeImportance of Trade

Between AD 500’s to Between AD 500’s to the AD 1100’s, the the AD 1100’s, the Byzantine Empire was Byzantine Empire was the center of trade the center of trade between Europe and between Europe and Asia. Asia. Most Byzantines were Most Byzantines were farmers, herders, farmers, herders, laborers, and artisans. laborers, and artisans. Weaving silk Weaving silk developed around AD developed around AD 500 and was one of 500 and was one of the major industries*the major industries*

Byzantine Art and Byzantine Art and ArchitectureArchitecture

Constantinople was known for its Constantinople was known for its hundreds of churches and palaces. hundreds of churches and palaces.

Hagia Sophia – “Holy Wisdom” was Hagia Sophia – “Holy Wisdom” was one of Justinian’s greatest one of Justinian’s greatest achievements.*achievements.*

Hagia SophiaHagia Sophia

Hagia SophiaHagia Sophia

Byzantine Art and Byzantine Art and ArchitectureArchitecture

MosaicsMosaics – pictures made from many – pictures made from many bits of colored glass or stonebits of colored glass or stone

Important part of Byzantine lifeImportant part of Byzantine life

Typically depicted Typically depicted saints, saints, which which means Christian holy peoplemeans Christian holy people

Byzantine WomenByzantine Women

Family life was the center of the Family life was the center of the social life for most Byzantines. social life for most Byzantines.

Byzantine women were not Byzantine women were not encouraged to lead encouraged to lead independent lives.*independent lives.*

Regent – a person who stands in Regent – a person who stands in for a ruler who is too young or for a ruler who is too young or too ill to govern. too ill to govern.

Byzantine EducationByzantine Education

Learning was highly respectedLearning was highly respected

Boys studied religion, medicine, law, Boys studied religion, medicine, law, arithmetic, grammar, and other arithmetic, grammar, and other subjects. subjects.

Wealthy Byzantines sometimes Wealthy Byzantines sometimes hired tutors. hired tutors.

Girls were usually taught at homeGirls were usually taught at home

Authors wrote about religion*Authors wrote about religion*

Section 3Section 3ReviewReview

Section 3 ReviewSection 3 Review

What is the largest group of people that What is the largest group of people that lived in the Byzantine Empire?lived in the Byzantine Empire?

GreeksGreeks

Section 3 ReviewSection 3 Review

What was the capital of the Byzantine What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?Empire?

ConstantinopleConstantinople

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What was a major reason that What was a major reason that Constantinople was so successful?Constantinople was so successful?

Its location between the waterways of the Its location between the waterways of the Black Sea and the Aegean SeaBlack Sea and the Aegean Sea

Section 3Section 3

What was another name for the Byzantine What was another name for the Byzantine Empire? Why was it called that? Empire? Why was it called that?

It was called the New Rome because it It was called the New Rome because it was heavily influenced by Roman ways. was heavily influenced by Roman ways.

Section 3Section 3

Where did the Byzantine chariot races Where did the Byzantine chariot races take place?take place?

The HippodromeThe Hippodrome

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Was Justinian a good emperor? What Was Justinian a good emperor? What were some of his accomplishments?were some of his accomplishments?

He was a strong ruler who commanded He was a strong ruler who commanded the military and ruled as a judge. He also the military and ruled as a judge. He also built the Hagia Sophia. He also reformed built the Hagia Sophia. He also reformed the law, which was then called the the law, which was then called the Justinian Law Code. Justinian Law Code.

Section 3 ReviewSection 3 Review

Who was Justinian’s wife? Why did she Who was Justinian’s wife? Why did she talk him into remaining in the empire when talk him into remaining in the empire when the taxpayers rebelled?the taxpayers rebelled?

Theodora. She wanted to keep her title as Theodora. She wanted to keep her title as empress, and she thought her husband empress, and she thought her husband should show them that he was a strong should show them that he was a strong emperor. emperor.

Section 3 ReviewSection 3 Review

Who is Belisarius? How did he improve Who is Belisarius? How did he improve the Byzantine army?the Byzantine army?

He is the general that Justinian ordered to He is the general that Justinian ordered to expand the empire. He changed the expand the empire. He changed the organization from footed soldiers to organization from footed soldiers to calvary, which is soldiers on horses. calvary, which is soldiers on horses.

Section 3 ReviewSection 3 Review

What is the Tribonian?What is the Tribonian?

Headed the group of legal scholars Headed the group of legal scholars ordered to reform the law code.ordered to reform the law code.

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What is the Hagia Sophia? What does it What is the Hagia Sophia? What does it mean?mean?

A famous church that Justinian built that A famous church that Justinian built that has beautiful mosaics inside. It means has beautiful mosaics inside. It means “Holy Wisdom”.“Holy Wisdom”.

Section 3 ReviewSection 3 Review

What is a mosaic? What is a mosaic?

Pictures made from many bits of Pictures made from many bits of colored glass or stonecolored glass or stone

Section 3 ReviewSection 3 Review

What is a regent? What is a regent?

A person who stands in for a A person who stands in for a ruler who is too young or too ruler who is too young or too ill to governill to govern