Chapter 8 Section 1: Invention & Innovations. The Industrial Revolution Began in ______in the 1700’s with changes in the ______ industry Began in ______in.

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Section 1: Section 1: Invention & Invention & InnovationsInnovations

The Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution

Began in ______in the 1700’s Began in ______in the 1700’s with changes in the ______ with changes in the ______ industryindustry______ began working ______ began working together in mills using the together in mills using the power of flowing water to power of flowing water to power their toolspower their tools

Spinning Jenny, Water Spinning Jenny, Water frame, & Power loomframe, & Power loom

Increase efficiency & profitsIncrease efficiency & profitsSteam engine (who Steam engine (who invented this? ______)invented this? ______)Pumped water out of mines, Pumped water out of mines, ran textile machines, etcran textile machines, etc

The Birth of the US Textile IndustryThe Birth of the US Textile Industry

Textile workers couldn’t move Textile workers couldn’t move out of ______ & people could out of ______ & people could send drawings of textile send drawings of textile machinery to other countriesmachinery to other countries

Interchangeable Parts- Interchangeable Parts- (define)______.(define)______.

Interchangeable PartsInterchangeable Parts

Eli ______Eli ______ Contract to make 10,000 Contract to make 10,000

______ in 2 years______ in 2 yearsTook over 10 years & still Took over 10 years & still had flawshad flaws

Made all of the parts ______Made all of the parts ______

The Cotton GinThe Cotton Gin

Is a machine that ______Is a machine that ______ Important effectsImportant effects

______ depended on cotton as ______ depended on cotton as their major croptheir major crop

Planters needed more landPlanters needed more land Increased the number of ______Increased the number of ______Cotton profit skyrocketedCotton profit skyrocketed

Transportation & CommunicationTransportation & Communication

RoadsRoadsFirst were carved out of First were carved out of forestsforests““______ Roads”______ Roads”

Travel was bumpy & Travel was bumpy & uncomfortableuncomfortable

River travelRiver travel Roads functioned mainly to Roads functioned mainly to

connect ______connect ______ Routes didn’t work both waysRoutes didn’t work both ways Robert ______ invented the Robert ______ invented the

steam boat “Clermont”steam boat “Clermont”

______ made it possible for ______ made it possible for western farmers & western farmers & southern planters to southern planters to increase their trade & increase their trade & profitsprofits

CanalsCanals Transport goods Transport goods ______ ______ on wateron water Built Built ______ ______ waterwayswaterways Most famous was Most famous was ______ ______ Canal Canal

opened in 1825opened in 1825 Links the Links the ______ ______ with the Great with the Great

LakesLakes

RailroadsRailroads Proved more ______Proved more ______ Could ______Could ______ 1828- first American Railroad 1828- first American Railroad

began in ______began in ______Baltimore & Ohio (B & O) Baltimore & Ohio (B & O) lineline

Eventually would put most Eventually would put most canals out of businesscanals out of business

An expanding economyAn expanding economy

Market revolutionMarket revolutionBegan ______, borrowing and Began ______, borrowing and circulating money and creating circulating money and creating wealthwealth

People bought items they made People bought items they made for themselves.for themselves.

Working outside the homeWorking outside the home

1800’s rise in manufacturing 1800’s rise in manufacturing increased the demand for increased the demand for people who would work _____, people who would work _____, for a specific number of hours for a specific number of hours each day & for a certain each day & for a certain amount of moneyamount of money

Used the ______ systemUsed the ______ system

The Role of BanksThe Role of Banks

The Rise of the ______ IndustryThe Rise of the ______ IndustryAppeared in the 1780’s & Appeared in the 1780’s & 1790’s1790’s

To start a new bank, what To start a new bank, what would happen?would happen?

Banks made money Banks made money by doing by doing what?what?

Uncontrolled LendingUncontrolled Lending

1800’s states didn’t restrict 1800’s states didn’t restrict banks’ run away lendingbanks’ run away lendingOften made ______ to people Often made ______ to people who couldn’t pay them backwho couldn’t pay them back

If a bank doesn’t have If a bank doesn’t have enough money, it could lead enough money, it could lead to ______to ______

If a bank couldn’t meet the If a bank couldn’t meet the ______ needs, it would go ______ needs, it would go out of businessout of businessLed to ______Led to ______

The Northern Section The Northern Section Section 2Section 2

Two regionsTwo regions Populous northeast- ______Populous northeast- ______ Old Northwest- ______Old Northwest- ______

Farming in the Old NorthwestFarming in the Old Northwest

Ideal growing ground for Ideal growing ground for corn, wheat, & other grainscorn, wheat, & other grains

New innovationsNew innovationsJohn Deere’s ______ could John Deere’s ______ could cut through the heavy cut through the heavy soilsoil

______ mechanical reaper made ______ mechanical reaper made harvesting grains less labor harvesting grains less labor intensive & more profitableintensive & more profitable

Farmers had to use the grains Farmers had to use the grains quickly or they would spoilquickly or they would spoil Fed to animals that produced Fed to animals that produced

other thingsother things

The Growth of CitiesThe Growth of Cities

Many people moved looking for Many people moved looking for ____________

______ life differed greatly from the ______ life differed greatly from the colonial timescolonial times

Workers spent more time away from Workers spent more time away from the householdthe household

Families often had no support in Families often had no support in times of needtimes of need Filled by hospitals & schoolsFilled by hospitals & schools

Growing number of urban poor Growing number of urban poor people lived in areas with ______people lived in areas with ______

Known as ______Known as ______

Cities couldn’t handle the rapid Cities couldn’t handle the rapid ____________

Many lacked ______Many lacked ______ These urban areas acquired wealth & These urban areas acquired wealth &

political influence gained from being political influence gained from being creators of industrycreators of industry

Labor disputes in factoriesLabor disputes in factories

Early industries aimed to make a Early industries aimed to make a profit at ______profit at ______

Paid little & didn’t provide a healthy Paid little & didn’t provide a healthy working environmentworking environment

Workers go on ______Workers go on ______

The First Labor UnionsThe First Labor Unions

National Trades Union 1834National Trades Union 1834300,000 people joined 300,000 people joined ______ by 1830’s______ by 1830’s

Soon died outSoon died outFactory owners obtained Factory owners obtained ____________