Chapter 8 Operating Systems
Jan 19, 2016
Chapter 8
Operating Systems
ObjectivesIdentify the types of system software
Summarize the startup process on a personal computer
Describe the functions of an operating system
Discuss ways that some operating systems help administrators control a network and administer security
Summarize the features of several stand-alone operating systems
Identify various network operating systems
Identify devices that use several embedded operating systems
System Software
Programs that control operation of computer
Two types are Systems Software Utility Programs
Operating SystemsThe functions of an operating system are;
start up the computer
provide user interface
manage programs
manage memory
schedule jobs andconfigure devices
monitor performanceand provide housekeepingservices
control a networkadminister security
access the Web
Operating SystemsOperating systems are located either on the hard drive of most PC and laptopsor on ROM chips in most hand held devices
Operating Systems FunctionsStarting or restarting a computer is called Booting There are two ways of booting a computer
cold bootProcess of turning on a computer after it has been powered off completely
warm bootProcess of restarting a
computer that is already powered on
Operating Systems FunctionsUser InterfaceControls how you enter data and instructions and how information displays on screenThree types of Interfaces
Operating Systems FunctionsCommand Line
Operating Systems Functionsmenu-driven interface
Operating Systems Functionsgraphical user interface (GUI)
Operating Systems FunctionsMost GUI’s allow for multitasking This allows a single user to work on two or more applications that reside in memory at same time
Foreground contains active application - the one you currently are using
Background contains inactive programs that are running but are not in use
Operating Systems FunctionsVirtual memory (VM)
Virtual memory (VM) management allocates portion of hard disk to function like RAM
This occurs when the amount of information that needs to be accessed by the CPU exceeds the amount of memory the PC contains.
Operating Systems FunctionsSpooling
Spooling is used to control the process of printing.
Print jobs are sent to a buffer instead of directly to printer, where print jobs wait their turn
print job
print spooler application
print queue
Operating Systems FunctionsDevice Driver
Each device requires its own specific driver
device driver
Are found in the OS or in the disk that comes with the device
A Small program that tells operating system how to communicate with a device
Types of Operating SystemsThree categories of operating systems
Stand-alone
EmbeddedNetwork
Stand-Alone Operating SystemsMicrosoft Vista
Available in five editions: HomeHome PremiumBusinessUltimate
Stand-Alone Operating SystemsMac OS X
Available only for computers manufactured by Apple
Macintosh operating system has been model for most GUIs
Stand-Alone Operating SystemsUNIX
Used by power users because of its flexibility and power
Most versions offer GUI
Both a stand-alone and a network operating system
Embedded Operating SystemsOperating systems for PDAs
Windows Mobile 2003 for Pocket PC
Palm OS for Palm, Visor, and CLIE