1 Chapter 8, Bones, Part 2: The Appendicular Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton = Everything that is not the Axial Skeleton, i.e., pelvis and limbs Goal: Learn and locate the bones and markings of the appendicular skeleton Developed by John Gallagher, MS, DVM
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Chapter 8, Bones, Part 2: The Appendicular Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton = Everything that is not the Axial Skeleton, i.e., pelvis and limbs
Goal: Learn and locate the bones and markings of the appendicular skeleton
Developed by John Gallagher, MS, DVM
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The Girdles
! Pectoral Girdle n Supports the Arms n Clavicle and Scapula
! Pelvic Girdle n Supports the Legs n Pelvis ! Ilium, ischium, pubic bone
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Clavicle (collarbone)
• Manubrium to Acromion
• S-shaped
• Frequently fractured
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Scapula (shoulder blade)
v Origin of biceps brachii muscle: v Coracoid Process v Supraglenoid tubercle
except big toe) • Longitudinal Arches • Medial and lateral
• Transverse Arch
Dancer’s fx
Cute Tillie Never Could Cooperate
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Fractures (a review)
• Bleeding • Then clot
• Periosteal reaction • Fibroblasts • Osteoblasts
• Callus • New bone “collar”
• Remodeling
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“Hip” fracture
n “Grandma fell and broke her hip.” n More accurately, “Grandma suffered a
spontaneous fracture of her femoral neck and then fell.”
n Sometimes the fx is at the intertrochanteric line
n Diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis
n 25% die from complications in first year mostly related to immobility: n Anesthesia n Muscle Atrophy n Pneumonia n Decubitus ulcers n Depression and disorientation