Chapter 7 Notes GP 1, 2 and

8/14/2019 Chapter 7 Notes GP 1, 2 and

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Chapter 7 Notes GP 1, 2 and 3

Human Development


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1. How much do children's bodies

change btw ages 3-6, and what are

their nutritional needs?

No longer a toddler,

three-year-olds are

less top-heavy and

move with greatersureness. The head is

still somewhat large in

comparison to adults

but the body iscatching up


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their nutritional needs?

They are more

coordinated at

running, climbing, and

other large-muscleactivities. They can

ride a tricycle or pump

a swing. They can

catch a large ballusing two hands and

their bodies.


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their nutritional needs? Nutrition: Its

important to allowpreschoolers toregulate their owncaloric intake and notinsist that they cleantheir plate

Children over 2 yearsshould get only about30% of their caloriesfrom fat


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their nutritional needs? Teeth Most children will

have all 20 of their

primary teeth by age 3

Most children will start

losing their primary teethbetween ages 6 and 8

years. These teeth are

replaced by permanent

teeth starting around age5 or 6.


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2. What sleep patterns and problems

tend to develop during early

childhood? The average 3-year-old sleeps about 12

hours each day. This

usually means 10 or11 hours at night and

a one- to two-hour

nap. Naptimes are

more variable for 3-year-olds than for 2-

year-olds.


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childhood? A 3-year-old may needmore or less sleep

depending on the day's

events, an illness,

changes in her routine, orany developmental

changes s/he's going

through. Whatever

amount of time a childnaturally sleeps in a day

is the amount s/he needs.


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childhood? A 3-year-old leads a verybusy life which can set

the stage for vivid dreamsand nightmares. You

can't and shouldn't want

to prevent wild dreams;they help the child deal

with the challenges of theday. Bedtime routinesshould be calm and

simple. Persistentnightmares may signalexcessive stress or

stimulation before bed(eg too much television).


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childhood? Night terrors aredifferent than

nightmares a child

seems to wake from adeep sleep directly

into a panicked state.

They generally do not

remember theepisode in the

morning.


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childhood? Bedwetting (enuresis) Wetting the bed at

night is fairly common

at this age. It seemsto have a genetic

component.

Wh h i


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3. What are the main motor

achievements of early

childhood?

Wh t th i t


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childhood?

(also see table 7.1 on page 242)

Wh t th i t


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childhood? Handedness Preference for one hand

over the other is usuallyevident before age 3

Most are right-handed since

the left brain controls rightside and left brain isgenerally more dominant. Inpeople whose brains aremore symmetrical the righthemisphere will generallydominate making the personleft handed.

Boys are more likely than girls to be left handed

Wh t th i t


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childhood? Artistic development Note figure 7-1 on page

244

The changes inchildrens art reflects

not only the differences

in brain development

but also the differences

in small muscle control

Wh t th i t


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childhood? Shape stage(approx age 3)

Design stage

b-1 combinesshapes

b-2 aggregates

c. Pictorial stage(age 4-5)

LINK
http://www.users.totalise.co.uk/~kbroom/Lectures/children.htmhttp://www.users.totalise.co.uk/~kbroom/Lectures/children.htm

Chapter 7 Notes GP 1, 2 and

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