Chapter 7, Grammar 1

Gramática 1Capítulo 7

Verbs with reflexive pronouns• If the subject and the object of a verb are

the same, you need to use a reflexive pronoun.

• This shows that the person doing the action is doing it to themselves.

• Reflexive verbs in their infinitive forms have a “se” on the end. Ej: lavarse

• Ej: Washing their hands.Taking off their clothes.Showering.

Verbs with reflexive pronouns

lavarse – to wash (oneself)me lavo nos lavamoste lavas os laváisse lava se lavan

When you conjugate a verb like lavarse, include the reflexive pronoun that agrees with the subject. (similar to pronouns for gustar)

Verbs with reflexive pronouns• The reflexive pronouns can go before a

conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive.

• After reflexive verbs, use el, la, los, or las with parts of the body or clothing.

• Me voy a lavar la cara.

• Voy a lavarme la cara.

• Both mean: I’m going to wash my face.

Common verbs with reflexive pronouns• afeitarse (to shave)

• bañarse (to bathe)

• despertarse (e>ie) (to wake up)

• entrenarse (to work out)

• estirarse (to stretch)

• levantarse (to get up)

• mantenerse (e>ie) (to maintain)

• maquillarse (to put on make-up)

cont…

Common verbs with reflexive pronouns• peinarse (to comb one’s hair)

• ponerse (to put on (clothing))

• prepararse (to prepare)

• quitarse (to take off (clothing))

• relajarse (to relax)

• secarse (to dry)

• vestirse (e>i) (to dress)

Práctica

1. Mis amigos (relajarse) los sábados.

2. Cada día, yo (levantarse) temprano.

3. Mi hermana (maquillarse) para la fiesta hoy.

4. Nosotros (entrenarse) en el gimnasio.

5. ¿(ponerse) tú ropa vieja?

Conjugate the verbs in parenthesis into the appropriate form according to the sentence.

1. Mis amigos se relajan los sábados.

2. Cada día, yo me levanto temprano.

3. Mi hermana se maquilla para la fiesta hoy.

4. Nosotros nos entrenamos en el gimnasio.

5. ¿Te pones tú ropa vieja?

Using infinitives• A reflexive pronoun can go at the end of an

infinitive or before a conjugated verb. The meaning does not change.• Yo no quiero afeitarme hoy.• Yo no me quiero afeitar hoy.

• Both mean: I don’t want to shave today.

Using infinitives• To say what someone just did, use the

following formula:

present tense of

acabar

de infinitive

Acabo de lavar el carro.I just washed my car.

Using infinitives• para + infinitive

• Use to explain your purpose for doing something

• Verbs after prepositions and prepositional phrases are in the infinitive.• Prepositional phrases:

• antes de• después de

• Tengo que levantarme temprano para levantar pesas con Ana.I have to get up early in order to lift weights with Ana.

Práctica

Use the correct form of levantarse in the blanks.

• Mis padres van a ___________ a las seis.

• Yo __________ temprano cada día.

• Mi hermana se cepilla los dientes después de __________.

• Acabamos de __________.

• ¿Y tú? ¿A qué hora vas a ___________?

levantarse

me levanto

levantarse

levantarnos

levantarte

Stem-changing verbs• **Remember: stem-changers do NOT stem-

change in the nosotros or vosotros forms.

• despertarse (e>ie) (to wake up)• Is reflexive and stem-changing

me despierto nos despertamos

te despiertas os despertais

se despierta se despiertan

Stem-changing verbs• e>ie stem-changers

• despertarse (to wake up)• mantenerse en forma (to stay in shape)

• o>ue stem-changers• acostarse (to go to bed)• encontrar (to find)

• e>i• vestirse (to get dressed)

Práctica

Write a sentence for each of the verbs that describe the picture below.

*probar *preferir *servir *vestirse