Chapter 6 Notes part III Covalent Compounds
Jan 02, 2016
Chapter 6 Notes part III
Covalent Compounds
Covalent (Molecular) Compounds
So far, we have only talked about ionic compounds; compounds made of a metal and nonmetal.
Covalent (Molecular) Compounds
A covalent compound forms between two nonmetals.
These compounds occur because the nonmetals will share electrons to have a full last energy level.
Covalent (Molecular) Compounds
Since electrons are not lost or gained, the atoms are not considered ions, so they do not have a charge.
Naming Covalents
Because covalent compounds aren’t made of ions, you can’t use the oxidation number to predict how many atoms of each element are going to be in a covalent compound.
Naming Covalents
mono- one hexa- sixdi- two hepta-
seventri- three octa- eighttetra- four nona- ninepenta- five deca- ten
The following prefixes will be used.
Naming Covalents
1)Name the first element in the compound, and use a prefix if there is more than one of the element.
EX: CO2
EX: CO
carbon
carbon
Naming Covalents
2)Name the second element, end in –ide, and put a prefix at the beginning even if there is only one.
EX: CO
EX: CO
carbon
carbon
oxide
oxide
2
di“understood one”
1mon
Naming Covalents
EX:
N O2 5
nitrogen oxideDi pent
Name These:
•SO2
•NO
•Cl2S
•BCl3
•P2S7
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen monoxide
Dichlorine monosulfide
Boron trichloride
Diphosphorus pentasulfide
Writing Molecular Formulas
1) Write the symbol for the 1st element and use the prefix to determine the subscript.
EX:nitrogenDi sulfidepentanitrogen sulfideDi
N2
sulfidepenta
Writing Molecular Formulas
2) Write the symbol for the 2nd element and use the prefix to determine the subscript.
EX:nitrogenDi sulfidepentanitrogen sulfideDi
N2
sulfidepenta
S5
Name These:
•Carbon tetrachloride•Dinitrogen heptoxide•Carbon monoxide•Dichlorine monoxide•Trisilicon decaoxide
SO2
N2O7
COCl2O
Si3O10