Chapter 6 Lecture 1 Acid-Base Concepts I. Unifying Concepts A. The Acid-Base Concept 1) There are many acid-base definitions, each at times useful 2) Acid-Base concepts are not facts or even theories, but are useful generalizations for classification, and organization 3) Acid-Base concepts are powerful ways to explain data and predict trends B. Arrhenius Concept 1) An acid forms H + in water; a base forms OH - in water 2) Applicable to aqueous solutions only 3) HCl + NaOH H + + OH - + Na + + Cl - C. Bronsted-Lowery Concept 1) Acid is a proton donor; Base is a proton acceptor 2) Conjugate acid/base pairs differ only by a proton 3) Reactions proceed to produce the weakest acid and base
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Chapter 6 Lecture 1 Acid-Base Concepts I.Unifying Concepts A.The Acid-Base Concept 1)There are many acid-base definitions, each at times useful 2)Acid-Base.
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Chapter 6 Lecture 1 Acid-Base Concepts
I. Unifying ConceptsA. The Acid-Base Concept
1) There are many acid-base definitions, each at times useful
2) Acid-Base concepts are not facts or even theories, but are useful generalizations for classification, and organization
3) Acid-Base concepts are powerful ways to explain data and predict trends
B. Arrhenius Concept
1) An acid forms H+ in water; a base forms OH- in water
2) Applicable to aqueous solutions only
3) HCl + NaOH H+ + OH- + Na+ + Cl-
C. Bronsted-Lowery Concept
1) Acid is a proton donor; Base is a proton acceptor
2) Conjugate acid/base pairs differ only by a proton
3) Reactions proceed to produce the weakest acid and base
4) H3O+ + NO2- H2O + HNO2
5) Includes non-aqueous systems
NH4+ + NH2
- 2 NH3
D. Solvent System Concept
1) Useful for aprotic, non-aqueous systems
2) Applies to any solvent that can dissociate to cation (acid) and anion (base)