Chapter 6 How Many Ways Can A Story Be Told? Growing Up With Literature, 6e By: Walter E. Sawyer.

Chapter 6How Many Ways Can A

Story Be Told?Growing Up With Literature, 6e

By: Walter E. Sawyer

Why should a variety of approaches for sharing

stories be used?•While children find security in the familiar, routines can become dull over time.

•Different approaches to sharing stories •can keep the excitement alive, •Involve additional multi-sensory activities, and

•Increase the opportunities for children to be involved in the telling of the stories.

Which method of sharing stories is

easiest to begin with?•Reading a book aloud is the easiest method to begin with

•It still takes planning and practice if it is to be successful.

Reading Aloud• Reading aloud to children

should begin when they are infants.

• The child who is read to grows up with the idea that reading is a normal part of life.

• Reading aloud to children is part of helping them to read.

• Should be a part of the everyday routine of children throughout their school lives.

Using Read-Aloud Books • Practice using different

voice inflections, pitches, and volume levels.

• Read slowly to allow students to use their imaginations.

• Be excited about the story, this feeling is contagious.

• Use humorous books.• Summarize or paraphrase

parts of the story as needed to adjust to the audience, recapture children’s interest, or better assist the children in understanding.

Good Choices for Read-Alouds

•Most children books are meant to be read aloud.

•Use books with clear, colorful illustrations.•Use short, simple rhymes, and poems.•Use books that encourage the naming of objects, letters, and numbers.

•Toddlers like books that describe mischievous antics of characters to whom they can relate.

•Know the children and story in order to ensure you have chosen a good read-aloud story.

What should one consider when choosing a book to

read aloud?•Books should be selected using criteria described in the aspects of literature section.

•The age of the children should be considered.

•One can analyze the book to determine whether it will lend itself to an exciting and enjoyable read-aloud experience

Why should a teacher read a story aloud to the children every day?

•to counteract the effect of television

•to provide good language models for children

•children like hearing stories•to help children experience the enjoyment of literature

Storytellers•In most cultures throughout time, the storyteller was a valuable member of the community.

•Storytellers were keepers of the culture. •They were often guests of kings and queens. •As literacy increased, storytellers lost some of their importance.

•A professional storyteller is both a performing artist and a careful student of literature.

How to Be a Storyteller• Listen to practicing storytellers go about their work. • Background in teaching, writing, and performance is

common. • Storytelling can include puppetry, mime, acting, active

participation, and singing. • Allow the audience to join in verbally by repeating

rhythmic, chant-like speech, and/or filling in missing words.

• Allow children to join in with movements. • Allow the audience to participate by making

suggestions (minor details or open gate).

How to Be a Storyteller• Storytelling is more difficult than reading aloud. • Storytellers must put themselves and their language

into the presentation. • The story must be a part of the storyteller’s

imagination. • Can’t forget the story at midpoint. The spell of the

story would be broken. • Select stories with clear, strong characters. • Most storytellers interpret a work before using it. • Storytellers have to make decisions about the

audience.

What are the characteristics of a good story for oral

storytelling?Stories that are particularly good are •those that contain strong characters, •fairly simple settings,•interesting narratives, and•lines for choral responses. •The story should be loved by the storyteller as well.

• Natural enthusiasm brings much to the telling.

Flannel Board Stories • A flannel board is a piece

of wood or other rigid material covered with felt or flannel.

• Characters and objects are cut from felt and placed on the flannel board to portray the visual action of the story.

• An alternative to flannel board is a Velcro storyboard.

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Flannel Boards

• Different sizes, shapes, and designs• Recommended size 24” x 30”• Some have pockets • Used for a variety of reasons• Children are highly attentive when used• Builds sequencing• Examples

• Made by covering sheet of heavy cardboard, display board, pre-stretched artist’s canvas, or wood with a piece of solid-colored flannel or felt yardage


Activity Sets

•Use to reinforce learning•Make out of pellon and felt

•Low cost, durable•Creativity

•Decorate piece (layered felt)•Build set ideas from books, stories, themes

Nonfiction Sets

•Young children are interested in narratives based in nonfiction topics.

•Make set pieces realistic.

•Depict distinguishing features of objects.



Stories and Activities•Teacher-made or commercially made•Sets improve:

•Listening skills and vocabulary•Concept development

•Visual shapes and images linked to words and ideas

•Use of the flannel board to introduce stories


Tips for presentation:

•Read the story.•Practice.•Set up flannel board.•Check appearance of pieces.•Place pieces out of view.•Make seating arrangements.

Presentation

•It begins with the teacher placing pieces on the board in correct sequence.

•Teacher should check sets to be sure all pieces are available (store in folders).


Puppetry• Most children love puppets.• Easy way to enhance or

interpret a story for children.

• Shy children will often speak to a puppet before they will speak to an unknown person.

• Puppets are allowed to be all of the things people might like to be at times.

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Benefits of Puppetry

•Motivation for oral language•Promotes creativity•Builds audience skills•Builds vocabulary•Encourages self-expression

Encouraging Use of Puppets

• Present puppet plays and skits.

• Take advantage of resources for puppetry in the community.

• Introduce different puppets periodically.

• Store puppet in an inviting way.

• Provide props and puppet theaters.



Audience SkillsTeach audience skills:

•Clap after performances.•Listen•Stay quiet during performances


Tips for Teacher Puppetry

•A pre-recorded dialogue is good way to start.

•Develop voice and personality for puppet.

•Practice with puppet and coordinate hand movements.

•Use a mirror for practice with the puppet.

Types of Puppets

Sock Puppet

Jumping Jack

Types of Puppets

Box Puppet

Finger Puppet

Types of Puppets

Garden Glove Puppet

Stick Puppet

Types of Puppets

Basic Puppet Pattern


Puppet Activities•Have children act out feelings and emotions with puppets.

•The teacher can narrate actions for the children.

•Let children’s puppet reply to the teacher’s puppet.

•Record simple puppet dramas.

Puppetry Don’ts

•Do not try to be a ventriloquist. •Do not use too much body movement. •Do not distribute puppets to children without planning and guidance. The puppets will simply become toys to fight over.

•Do not expect puppets to do it all. •Do not be afraid to take risks with new and different kinds of puppets.


Types of Simple Dramas

•Reenacting life situations•Pantomime

•Foundation for preschool acting skills•Creative drama

•Teacher as co-participant with children•Problem-solving dramas


Playacting Tips• Children must be familiar with story• Motivate with recorded plays or movies.• Begin by acting without words.• Teacher serves as narrator.• Allow children to volunteer for parts.• Use simple props.• Include multi-cultural themes.


Benefits of Playacting

Playacting promotes:•Self-expression•Use of correct speech•Coordination of actions and words•Creative thinking•Self-confidence•Listening skills•Social interaction


Using Books for Drama

• Begin with a simple drama without props.• Read the book.• Announce the dramatization to come.• Select roles for children.• Position children for the re-reading. Reread the

story.• Prompt the children while reading the story.• Encourage audience participation.


Development of Dramatization

Dramatizing story involves:•Listening•Auditory memory•Visual memory•Remember sequence of events•Audience skills


Use of Props and Staging

Keep props and staging very simple.•Vests, hats, gloves, etc.•Paper plate masks•Cardboard cutouts•Colored sheets make good backdrops•Plan a semi-permanent stage area

Children as Authors, Storytellers, and Illustrators

• Children are beginning to write as soon as they begin to draw.

• Don’t focus on mechanics but rather clarity, organization, and freshness of thinking.

• An adult can serve as a transcriber and facilitator for children’s stories.

• Encourage children to join the community of authors by helping them to know the authors of the books they enjoy.

• Create classroom books about a shared experience, story they have heard, or their imaginations.

Chapter 6 How Many Ways Can A Story Be Told? Growing Up With Literature, 6e By: Walter E. Sawyer.

Documents

children children

aloudsmost children

good read

use books

enjoyable read

everyday routine of

books practice

humorous books