chapter 6

Research methods of business

Research methods of businessChapter 6 measurement of variables:operational definitionBy :fajar wahyudi 1311011060

Research process

How variable ar e measured ?There are 2 types of variables :One lends itself to objective and precise measurementexample:

Blood pressure

And the others is more nebulous and does not lend itself to accurate measurement because of its subjective nature Example: like feelings,attitudes,and perception.

Operationalization of variablesFor instance, the concept of thirst is abstract; we cannot see thirst. However, we would expect a thirsty person to drink plenty of fluids. In other words, the expected reaction of people to thirst is to drink fluids. If several people say they are thirsty, then we may determine the thirst levels of each of these individuals by the measure of the quantity of fluids that they drink to quench their thirst. We will thus be able to measure their levels of thirst, even though the concept of thirst itself is abstract and nebulous. Reduction of abstract concepts to render them measurable in a tangible way is called operationalizing the concepts.

Operationalization:dimensions and elements An example of a construct with more than one dimension is aggression,that have 2 dimensions,these is :

Verbal aggressionPhysical aggression

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Dimensions and elements of achievement motivation

Dimensions and elements of achievement motivationElement of dimension 1They would be driven by work; that is, they would be working almost round the clock in order to derive the satisfaction of having achieved and accomplished.

Dimensions and elements of achievement motivationElements of dimension 2Many of them would generally be in no mood to relax and direct their attention to other than work-related activity.

Dimensions and elements of achievement motivationElement of dimension 3Because they want always to be achieving and accomplishing, they would prefer to work on their own rather than with others. And also does not like to work with slow or Inefficient people.

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Dimensions and elements of achievement motivationElement of dimension 4With mind and heart set on accomplishment and achievement, they would rather engage in challenging jobs rather than easy, hum-drum ones. However, they would not want to take on excessively challenging jobs because the expectation and probability of accomplishment and achievement in such jobs would not be very high.

Dimensions and elements of achievement motivationElement of dimensional 5 They would be yearning to know how they are progressing in their jobs as they go along. That is, they would like to get frequent feedback in direct and subtle ways from their superiors, colleagues, and on occasions even their sub- ordinates, to know how they are progressing or about impatience for immediate feedback.

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