SCIENCE FORM 5CHAPTER 5: MOTION /GERAKAN5.1Motion of vehicles on
land1) There are 2 types of vehicles on land: vehicles without an
engine, for example bicycle vehicles with engines, for example,
cars, busses.2) Structure and principle of operation of vehicles
without an engine Vehicles which do not operate by using engine use
energy from human or animals to rotate their wheels. A bicycle as
shown in figure below is moved with human energy.
3) Structure and principle of operation of vehicles with engines
An engine is a machine that converts the chemical energy stored in
a fuel into heat energy. The heat energy, which is produced from
the combustion of fuels, is then converted into kinetic energy.
Chemical energy heat energy kinetic energy Cars are operated by
both petrol and diesel engines while heavy vehicles such as buses
are run by using diesel engines. There are different types of
internal combustion engines, such as a) the four stroke petrol
engine ( for light vehicles such as car) b) the four stroke diesel
engine ( for heavy vehicles such as buses and lorries) c) the two
stroke petrol engine ( for motorcycle)
i) The four stroke petrol engine (for light vehicles such as
car)
ii) The four stroke petrol engine (for light vehicles such as
car)
iii) The two stroke petrol engine
Used for small machines e.g. motor boats, motorcycles. It is an
inlet tube for the petrol-air mixture to go in and an outlet tube
for exhaust gases to up escape. The inlet tube and the outlet tube
are open or closed by the piston moving up and down.
Differences between the Four-stroke Petrol Engine and the
Four-stroke Diesel Engine
Differences between the Four-stroke Petrol Engine and the
Two-stroke Diesel Engine