Chapter 5 CPR
Dec 27, 2015
Heart Attack and Cardiac Arrest
• A heart attack occurs when heart muscle tissue dies.
• Cardiac arrest results when heart stops beating.
Performing CPR
• Check for responsiveness.
• Open the airway and check for breathing.
• Rescue breaths• Chest compressions
Check for Responsiveness
• Tap the victim’s shoulder and ask if he or she is all right.
• If the victim is not responsive, have a bystander call 9-1-1.
• If you are alone with an unresponsive child or infant, give CPR for 2 minutes (five cycles), then call 9-1-1.
Open the Airway and Check for Breathing
• Open airway with head tilt–chin lift.
• Check breathing: Look, listen, and feel for 5–10 seconds.
Rescue Breaths
• Keep airway open.
• Give two normal breaths.
• Methods:
• Mouth-to-barrier
• Mouth-to-nose
• Mouth-to-stoma
Chest Compressions (1 of 2)
• Two hands for adults
• One or two hands for children
• Two fingers for an infant
• Compression depth
• Adult: 1.5 to 2 inches
• Child or infant: 1/3 to 1/2 depth of the chest
Chest Compressions (2 of 2)
• Adult and child: center of chest between nipples
• Infants: just below nipple line• Five cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths• Continue CPR until:
• AED becomes available• Victim shows signs of life• EMS takes over• You are too tired to continue
Adult CPR (1 of 4)
• Check responsiveness.
• Have someone call 9-1-1 and retrieve an AED if available.
Child CPR (1 of 3)
• Check responsiveness.
• Have someone call 9-1-1.
• Open the airway.
• Check for breathing.
Infant CPR (2 of 4)
• Open the airway by tilting the head back slightly and lifting the chin.
• Check for breathing for 5 to 10 seconds.
Infant CPR (4 of 4)
• Perform CPR.
• Continue cycles of chest compressions and breaths for 2 minutes.
Airway Obstruction• Partial air exchange
• Mild: coughing forcefully• Severe: weak, ineffective cough
• Complete blockage: unable to breath, speak, or cough
• Common causes of obstruction• Tongue, vomit, foreign body,
swelling, spasm
Airway Obstruction in a Responsive Adult or Child (3 of 4)
• Place thumb side of fist just above the navel.
Airway Obstruction in a Responsive Adult or Child (4 of 4)
• Place other hand on top of first hand and give abdominal thrusts until object is removed.
Airway Obstruction in a Responsive Infant (1 of 2)
• Have someone call 9-1-1.
• Give five back blows between the infant’s shoulder blades with the heel of your hand.