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Sports Injury Assessment
Chapter 4 or 5
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Injury Evaluation Process Symptom: Athletes perception of his or her
injury.
Sign: Objective, measurable physical findingregarding the individuals condition.
HOPS- History Observation Palpation Specialtests
SOAP- Subjective Objective Assessment Plan.
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HOPS- History History: Attitude, mental condition, and
perceived physical state.
Stated by the athlete. Primary Complaint
Mechanism of Injury
Characteristics of the Symptoms Limitations
Past History
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HOPS- Observation and
Inspection Observation: Measurable objective
signs.
Appearance
Symmetry
General Motor Function
Posture and Gait
Deformity, swelling, discoloration, scars,and general skin condition
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HOPS- Palpation Rule out FX (fracture)
Skin temperature
Swelling
Point tenderness
Crepitus Deformity
Muscle spasm
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HOPS- Palpation Cutaneous Sensation (nail bed refill)
Pulse
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HOPS- Special Tests Functional Tests
Active Range of Motion (AROM)
Passive Range of Motion (PROM)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing (RROM)
Stress Tests
Ligamentous Instability Tests
Special Tests
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HOPS- Special Tests Neurologic Tests
Dermatomes
Myotomes
Reflexes
Peripheral Nerve Testing
Sport-Specific Functional Testing Proprioception and Motor Coordination
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HOPS- Special Tests Sport-Specific Skill Performance
Throw the football, baseball, softball,
javelin...
Kick the soccer ball, football, opponent
Macarena, Cabbage Patch, Mash Potato
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SOAP- Subjective History: Attitude, mental condition, and
perceived physical state.
Stated by the athlete. Primary Complaint
Mechanism of Injury
Characteristics of the Symptoms
Limitations
Past History
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SOAP- Objective: Observation: Measurable objective
signs.
Appearance
Symmetry
General Motor Function
Posture and Gait Deformity, swelling, discoloration, scars,
and general skin condition
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SOAP- Objective Rule out FX (fracture) Cutaneous Sens.
Skin temperature Pulse
Swelling
Point tenderness
Crepitus
Deformity Muscle spasm
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SOAP- Objective Functional Tests
Active Range of Motion (AROM)
Passive Range of Motion (PROM)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing (RROM)
Stress Tests
Ligamentous Instability Tests
Special Tests
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SOAP- Objective Neurologic Tests
Dermatomes
Myotomes
Reflexes
Peripheral Nerve Testing
Sport-Specific Functional Testing Proprioception and Motor Coordination
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SOAP- Objective Sport-Specific Skill Performance
Throw the football, baseball, softball,
javelin... Kick the soccer ball, football, opponent
Macarena, Cabbage Patch, Mash Potato
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SOAP- AssessmentAnalyze and assess the individuals
status and prognosis
Suspected injury Site
Damaged Structures Involved
Severity of Injury
Progress Notes
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SOAP- Plan1. Immediate treatment given
2. Frequency and duration of treatments
and modalities and evaluation
3. On-going patient education
4. Criteria for discharge/return to play
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On The Field Assessment History:
Location of Pain
Presence of abnormal neurological signs
Mechanism of Injury
Associated sounds (snap, crack, pop)
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On The Field Assessment cont. Observation:
Check the surrounding area
Body positioning Movement of the athlete
Level of responsiveness
Primary survey Inspection for head or neck trauma
Inspection of the injured body part
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On The Field Assessment cont. Palpation
Joints
Bones
Soft tissue
Skin temperature
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On The Field Assessment cont. Functional Testing
Active Range of Motion (AROM)
Passive Range of Motion (PROM)
Resistive Range of Motion (RROM)
Weight Bearing
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On The Field Assessment cont. Stress Testing
Ligamentous stability
Neurological Testing
Cutaneous
Motor
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On The Field Assessment cont.Vital Signs
Pulse
Respiratory Rate Blood Pressure
Temperature
Skin Color
Pupils
Disposition
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On The Field Assessment cont. Moving the Athlete
Ambulatory Assist
Manual Conveyance
Spine Board
Pool Extraction
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Physician Ordered Tests Blood Test
Radiographs
Computed Tomography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Radionuclide Scintigraph (Bone Scan) Ultrasonic Imaging
Electromyography