1 CHAPTER 4 Results, Finding and Discussions 4.1 Background The chapter provides the results of the questionnaire and semi-structured interview questions. These results were further analysed to produce meaningful findings that are discussed in detail throughout the chapter. It was essential to appropriately analyse these findings in order to produce recommendations for the implementation of this technology in Libya. In order to establish an AD plant in a specific locality, it needs to consider multiple factors so that maximum benefits can be attained. 4.2 Demographic Analysis of Respondents Figure 1- Gender based sample size of the survey An online survey questionnaire was prepared and kept online for 20 days to gather as much data as possible to make accurate estimations and derive statistics about food waste amount and type of food waste. Sample size of the population was estimated to be 100 however, a total of 112 people returned completed questionnaires. Based on a gender categorisation 76
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CHAPTER 4 Results, Finding and Discussions€¦ · Results, Finding and Discussions 4.1 Background The chapter provides the results of the questionnaire and semi-structured interview
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CHAPTER 4
Results, Finding and Discussions
4.1 Background
The chapter provides the results of the questionnaire and semi-structured interview questions.
These results were further analysed to produce meaningful findings that are discussed in detail
throughout the chapter. It was essential to appropriately analyse these findings in order to
produce recommendations for the implementation of this technology in Libya. In order to
establish an AD plant in a specific locality, it needs to consider multiple factors so that
maximum benefits can be attained.
4.2 Demographic Analysis of Respondents
Figure 1- Gender based sample size of the survey
An online survey questionnaire was prepared and kept online for 20 days to gather as much
data as possible to make accurate estimations and derive statistics about food waste amount
and type of food waste. Sample size of the population was estimated to be 100 however, a
total of 112 people returned completed questionnaires. Based on a gender categorisation 76
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male and 36 females as shown in Figure 13 participated in the survey. Almost people of all
age groups gave their poll but mostly the survey questionnaire was filled by people in age
bracket of 26-34 years as shown in Figure 14.
Figure 2- Age group based sample size of the survey
About 69.90 per cent of the people were students while other 21.25 per cent were
professionals in various fields. Of total sample size, 28.43 per cent belonged to rural areas
and 71.57 per cent belonged to urban areas. Most of the people belonged to the Tripoli city
or nearby areas as shown in Figure 7. It verifies their familiarity about the city and its
requirements. The questionnaire contains 27 questions in total including many aspects of the
research in order to obtain qualitative type of data relevant to the research.
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Figure 3- Distance of the people undergoing survey from the Tripoli city
4.3 Waste to Energy: An Alternative Method of Electricity Generation in Tripoli
Figure 4- Source of electricity generation in Libya
Since Tripoli has been rich enough in oil reservoirs, fossil fuels are a primary source of
electricity generation here. According to the survey, oil is the most used source of electricity
generation in Libya as shown in Figure 16. Keeping in mind the expected exhaustion of
natural resources with the increasing population and electricity demands in Tripoli, which is
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the capital and one of the largest populated cities of Libya, there needs to be a shift from
national grids to renewable electricity generation methods. In the survey people were asked
how often do they undergo electricity outages and above 40 per cent answered with
‘frequently’, while above 29 per cent said they face problem of shortfalls every day. Hence,
the current scenario of the Tripoli city demands an alternative energy generation method to
be adopted along with the conventional energy generation plants in order avoid scarcity of
natural resources in the future.
Figure 5- How often Tripoli city undergo electricity outages?
4.4 Waste to Energy (WTE) Conversion
There are three main categories of WTE methods are; thermochemical extraction, biochemical
extraction and mechanical Content removed….
4.5 Current State of Food Waste Management in Tripoli
In order to access the current situation of wood waste treatment, habit of food waste among
people and municipal authorities are reviews via a survey. Statistical analysis is performed
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using data collected from the survey as shown in the Table 8. The data collected through
questionnaire contains Content removed…
Table 1- Statistical analysis of current state of food waste management in Tripoli
How much
food do you
think you
discard on
average daily?
How clean do
you think
Tripoli city is?
In terms of
waste
management?
What is
general food
waste habit of
people in
Tripoli?
Do you yourself
take care of
proper, hygienic
disposal of
household
waste?
Valid entries in
data
109 103 102 104
Mean 3.06 3.29 3.08 2.24
Median 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00
Mode 4 3 3 1
Since the data is qualitative in nature, mean and median do not provide a reasonable average
for our study. Thus mode of the data presents most reliable form of average amount of food
waste collection/day/person. Hence as per the data obtained, majority of participants
suggested that;
The range of food waste most selected by the people of Tripoli is 1-2 kg/day per person
(option 4 from the questionnaire)
Total food waste collection is estimated by how much food waste people discard every day.
The average food waste calculated is 0.8 tones/person per year which is approximately
178,640 tones/year on average in Tripoli. The calculations are performed using following