Chapter 4: Pregnancy p=9+months+of+gestation+in+20+seconds &n=21&ei=utf-8&js=1&fr=yfp-t- 501&fr2=tab- img&tnr=20&vid=000157394978.

Chapter 4: Chapter 4: PregnancyPregnancy

http://video.search.yahoo.com/video/play?p=9+months+of+gestation+in+20+seconds&n=21&ei=utf-8&js=1&fr=yfp-t-501&fr2=tab-img&tnr=20&vid=000157394978

http://pregnancy.about.com/cs/pregnancycalendar/l/blpregcalc.htm

PRENATALPRENATAL““pre”= beforepre”= before

““natal” = of or relating to birthnatal” = of or relating to birth

development of a baby development of a baby during the period during the period

before birth before birth

40 weeks

Reproductive CellsReproductive Cells

Male= sperm produced in the testesMale= sperm produced in the testes

Female= egg or ovum produced in the Female= egg or ovum produced in the ovariesovaries

Male AnatomyMale Anatomy

Fallopian TubesFallopian Tubes

hollow tubes that hollow tubes that extend from the extend from the right and left right and left sides of the sides of the uterusuterus

where fertilization where fertilization takes placetakes place

Uterus (womb)Uterus (womb) Organ where the baby develops and is protected until birthOrgan where the baby develops and is protected until birth

The size of the uterus pre-pregnancy is about the size of a lemon.

Sperm live 1-5 days The egg has 24 hours to be fertilized

ConceptionConception

The joining of The joining of the egg and the the egg and the spermsperm

This is when This is when hereditary traits hereditary traits are determined!are determined!also referred to also referred to

as ‘fertilization’as ‘fertilization’

GERMINAL STAGEGERMINAL STAGE

starts with conceptionstarts with conception first 2 weeks of pregnancyfirst 2 weeks of pregnancy

AMNION: fluid filled sac that surrounds AMNION: fluid filled sac that surrounds the baby in the uterusthe baby in the uterus

Yolk Sac – provides nutrients Yolk Sac – provides nutrients

before the placenta takes overbefore the placenta takes over

ZygoteZygote

This is formed when the egg and sperm This is formed when the egg and sperm unite and begin to develop unite and begin to develop

A home pregnancy test will not yet give a + test result!

http://www.babycenter.com/6_your-pregnancy-2-weeks_6000.bc?intcmp=timeline

Each Person: Each Person:

Has Has 4646 chromosomes : chromosomes :

2323 from MOM from MOM

2323 from DAD from DAD

Sex DeterminationSex Determination

Determined at the moment of conceptionDetermined at the moment of conception female= X male= X or Yfemale= X male= X or Y

XX = girl XY= boyXX = girl XY= boy

Who determines the sex of the baby?Who determines the sex of the baby?

First TrimesterFirst Trimester

Early pregnancy (Weeks 1-13)Early pregnancy (Weeks 1-13) Most critical stage because all major organs Most critical stage because all major organs

begin to formbegin to form Baby now receives good and harmful Baby now receives good and harmful

substance from the mother (through the substance from the mother (through the umbilical cord)umbilical cord)

The heartbeat can usually be seen around The heartbeat can usually be seen around 6 weeks via ultrasound, and heard around 9 6 weeks via ultrasound, and heard around 9 weeks via dopplerweeks via doppler

Changes for Mom…Changes for Mom…

Call the doctor as soon as she gets a Call the doctor as soon as she gets a positive pregnancy test!positive pregnancy test!

Morning sickness, breast tenderness, Morning sickness, breast tenderness, increased urination, and fatigue are very increased urination, and fatigue are very common in early pregnancycommon in early pregnancy

Placenta: organ filled with blood Placenta: organ filled with blood vessels that nourishes the baby in vessels that nourishes the baby in the uterusthe uterus

Umbilical Cord: connects the baby Umbilical Cord: connects the baby to the placentato the placentanourishes baby, removes wastenourishes baby, removes waste

Weeks 5-8Weeks 5-8

By the end of the By the end of the first month, the first month, the embryo is about embryo is about 1/10 of an inch 1/10 of an inch longlong. The heart, . The heart, which is no larger which is no larger than a than a poppy seedpoppy seed, , has begun beating.has begun beating.

5 Weeks

Weeks 9-12Weeks 9-12

The embryo is about The embryo is about ¼ inch long¼ inch long and has and has distinct, slightly distinct, slightly webbed fingers. webbed fingers. VeinsVeins are clearly are clearly visible. The visible. The heartheart has has divided into right and divided into right and left chambers.left chambers.

Second TrimesterSecond Trimester

Starts at the 13Starts at the 13thth week week and ends at week 27 of and ends at week 27 of pregnancypregnancy

Bone cells replace Bone cells replace cartilage cartilage

All parts of the body All parts of the body maturemature

Overall size quickly Overall size quickly increasesincreases

Second TrimesterSecond Trimester

QuickeningQuickening occurs: mother feels the baby occurs: mother feels the baby move for the first time (4move for the first time (4thth or 5 or 5thth month or 16 month or 16 to 20 weeks)to 20 weeks)

Referred to as the “best” time in pregnancy Referred to as the “best” time in pregnancy for momfor mom

The gender can be detected around week The gender can be detected around week 2020

Baby begins to hear! Baby begins to hear!

Highlights of this stage…

Three Months (Weeks 13-16)Three Months (Weeks 13-16)

By now the fetus is 1 By now the fetus is 1 inch longinch long and is fully and is fully formed. He has begun formed. He has begun swallowing and kicking. swallowing and kicking. All All organsorgans and and musclesmuscles have formed and are have formed and are beginning to function.beginning to function.

Four Months (Weeks 17-20)Four Months (Weeks 17-20)

3” long3” long Your baby is covered Your baby is covered

with a layer of thick, with a layer of thick, downy hair called downy hair called lanugolanugo. His heartbeat . His heartbeat can be heard clearly. can be heard clearly. This is when you may This is when you may feel your baby's first feel your baby's first kickkick..

4 months4 months

Five Months (Weeks 21-24)Five Months (Weeks 21-24)

A protective coating A protective coating

called called vernix vernix begins to begins to form on baby's skin. By form on baby's skin. By the end of this month, the end of this month, your baby will be about 7 your baby will be about 7 inches long and weigh inches long and weigh around ½ lb.around ½ lb.

My name is Michael Clancy and I am the photojournalist that photographed Samuel Armas My name is Michael Clancy and I am the photojournalist that photographed Samuel Armas reaching from his mother's womb and reacting to the touch of his surgeon at twenty-one reaching from his mother's womb and reacting to the touch of his surgeon at twenty-one

weeks in utero during a spina bifida corrective procedure in 1999."weeks in utero during a spina bifida corrective procedure in 1999.""Out of the corner of my eye I saw the uterus shake, but no one's hands were near it. It was "Out of the corner of my eye I saw the uterus shake, but no one's hands were near it. It was

shaking from within. Suddenly, an entire arm thrust out of the opening, then pulled back shaking from within. Suddenly, an entire arm thrust out of the opening, then pulled back until just a little hand was showing. The doctor reached over and lifted the hand, which until just a little hand was showing. The doctor reached over and lifted the hand, which

reacted and squeezed the doctor's finger. As if testing for strength, the doctor shook the tiny reacted and squeezed the doctor's finger. As if testing for strength, the doctor shook the tiny fist. Samuel held firm. I took the picture! Wow! It happened so fast that the nurse standing fist. Samuel held firm. I took the picture! Wow! It happened so fast that the nurse standing next to me asked, "What happened?" "The child reached out," I said. "Oh. They do that all next to me asked, "What happened?" "The child reached out," I said. "Oh. They do that all

the time," she responded."the time," she responded."

Third TrimesterThird Trimester

Starts at 27 weeks and ends at birth (40 weeks is standard)

Age of viability: most babies could survive if Age of viability: most babies could survive if they were born (around 28 Weeks)they were born (around 28 Weeks)

Baby is fully developed, and just needs to grow Baby is fully developed, and just needs to grow and mature in order to be ready for its big and mature in order to be ready for its big debut!debut!

During the 9During the 9thth month, the placenta provides month, the placenta provides antibodies to help protect the baby and the antibodies to help protect the baby and the lungs are now maturelungs are now mature

Six Months (Weeks 25-28)Six Months (Weeks 25-28)

EyebrowsEyebrows and and eyelidseyelids are visible. are visible. Your baby's lungs are Your baby's lungs are filled with filled with amniotic amniotic fluidfluid, and he has , and he has started breathing started breathing motions. If you motions. If you talktalk or or singsing, he can hear , he can hear you.you.

6 Months6 Months

Seven Months (Weeks 29-32)Seven Months (Weeks 29-32)

By the end of the By the end of the seventh month, his seventh month, his body is well-formed. body is well-formed. FingernailsFingernails cover his cover his fingertipsfingertips

Mother may feel Mother may feel Braxton-Hicks Braxton-Hicks contractions during contractions during this monththis month

Eight Months (Weeks 33-36)Eight Months (Weeks 33-36)

Your baby is gaining Your baby is gaining about about half a pound half a pound per weekper week, and layers , and layers of fat are piling on. He of fat are piling on. He has probably turned has probably turned head-down in head-down in preparation for birth. preparation for birth. He weighs around 3 – He weighs around 3 – 4 4 poundspounds..

Nine Months (Weeks 37-40)Nine Months (Weeks 37-40)

Your baby gains more Your baby gains more weight this month and weight this month and usually weighs usually weighs between 7-9 lbs. and between 7-9 lbs. and is 19 - 22 inches is 19 - 22 inches when he is born. As when he is born. As he becomes more he becomes more crowded, you may crowded, you may feel him move around feel him move around less.less.