Chapter 4: Hardware for Educators Allie Poston, Jessica Foster, Jaime Black, and Tiffany Myers
Feb 12, 2016
Chapter 4: Hardware for EducatorsAllie Poston, Jessica Foster, Jaime Black, and Tiffany Myers
Objectives Describe the system unit Define the term bit and
describe how a series of bits are used to represent data
Identify the major components of the system unit and explain their functions
Explain how the CPU uses the four steps of a machine cycle to process data
List the characteristics of a keyboard and identify various types of keyboards
Differentiate among the four types of output
Explain differences among various types of printers
Differentiate between storage and memory
Identify types of storage media and devices
Differentiate between CDs and DVDs
System UnitsIt doesn’t matter the size, make, or model all computers and mobile devices have a system unit.
Data RepresentationHow is data represented in a computer? Binary System Bits & Bytes American Standard Code
for Information Interchange, ASCII
The Components of the System Unit The motherboard
The CPUCentral Processing Unit Processor or
Microprocessor Dual & Multi-Core Control Unit:
Fetching, decoding, executing, storing.
The Arithmetic/Logic Unit, ALU
The System Clock
MemoryMemory stores three basic items: 1. Operating system and other system
that controls the computer equipment2. The application software designed to
carry out a specific task3. The data being processed by the
application
Memory• Expansion Slots and
Expansion Cards• Removable Memory
Devices• Port and Connectors
Input- entering memory (4types) Data-unprocessed Program-instructions Command –given User Responses- questions
What are Input Devices Keyboard Pointing Devices Touchpad Trackball Joystick and Wheel Touch Screen Optical Scanners Pen Input Audio and Video Input PDAs, smartphones, and media players input
Output Data that has been processed into
a useful form.Text, Graphics, Audio, and Video
Output devices Displays- monitors, flat panel, LCD,
Plasma TVs Printers Data Projectors Fax Machines Whiteboards Speakers, Headphones, Earphones
Storage Media and Devices
What is Storage? Refers to the media on which data,
information, and instructions are kept, as well as the devices that record and retrieve these items.
Stores data, instructions, and information when they are not being processed.
MEDIA AND DEVICES Storage medium(media)-(secondary
storage) is the physical material on which data, instructions, and information are kept.
Storage devices-the mechanism used to record and retrieve these items to and from a storage medium
Storage Devices Magnetic disks (p.229) a.k.a. Floppy Disk Hard Disks (p.230)
Miniature Hard Disks Portable Hard Disks
Solid State Drives (p.232) Optical Discs (p.232)
CDs and DVDs (p.232) CD-ROM, PICTURE CDS, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, & BR
Miniature Mobile Storage Media (p.237) Flash Memory Cards, USB Flash Drives, & Smart
Cards
Optical Discs –CDs and DVDs CDs and DVDs are one type of optical disc Types of CDs:
CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW Types of DVDs:
DVD- ROM, DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD+RAM, BD
Primarily stores music, movies, digital photographs, and software programs.
CDs and DVDs CD-ROM-Compact Disc-read only memory CD-R-Compact Disc-recordable CD-RW-Compact Disc-rewritable DVD-ROM-Digital Video-read only memory DVD-R-Digital Video-recordable DVD-RW- Digital Video-rewritable BD-Blue-ray Disc
Facts about Storage Devices Magnetic Discs have been replaced by the USB flash
drive as the preferred portable storage medium. Hard disks provide computers with a larger capacity
of storage mostly for software programs and files. Miniature Hard Disks are found in devices such as
mp3 players, smart phones, and digital cameras. Portable Hard Disks are external hard disks and
removable hard disks. Solid State Drives (SSD) have several advantages
such as being faster, lasting up to 50 years, consuming less power, and generating less heat.
Miniature Mobile Storage Media Flash Memory Card-used in digital cameras,
smart phones, PDAs, photo printers, handheld gaming consoles and navigation devices and many more.
USB flash drives have replaced floppy discs because they have large storage capacities, easier to carry, and preferred among students and other computer users.
Smart Cards-used in storing health care information, student purchases on campus, or even employee attendance. Also double for an ID