Chapter 4

Musculoskeletal System

Chapter # 4 By; Precious Blanton

Introduction Anatomy - is the scientific term

for the study of the human body. Physiology – is the term for the

study of how the body function. They both are closely related as

form and function, are intertained.

Gives the body shape Protects internal organs Provides for movement Consists of more than 600 muscles

Three Types of Muscles The three types of muscles tissues

are: Smooth Skeletal Cardiac

Smooth muscle Smooth ( or Visceral ) muscle. Form the muscle layers in the walls of the

digestive tract, various ducts, bladder, arteries and veins, and other internal organs.

Smooth muscle cells are elongated and thin, have only one nucleus, and form sheets rather than bundles of muscles.

Skeletal (voluntary) muscle

Skeletal muscle, is the most abundant tissue in the human body, it produce movement.

Cardiac muscleCardiac ( or heart) muscle, a cross between the

smooth and striated muscles, makes up the heart tissue.

Closed fracture does not break

the skin

Open fracture External wound

Nondisplaced fracture Simple crack

Displaced fracture deformity

Signs & symptoms Pain Edema Possible deformity Contusion Loss of motion false motion Crepitus Guarding

Treatment - immobilize, ice, elevate if possible.

Signs & symptomsPainDeformityBreak in skin and/or exposed bone

Treatment - dressing, immobilize, ice, & elevate if possible