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Chapter 3 The World’s People
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Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Dec 26, 2015

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Meredith Martin
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Page 1: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Chapter 3The World’s People

Page 2: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Understanding Culture

• What is Culture?

• Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Page 3: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Understanding Culture

• There are 8 traits in which you can divide a culture.

– Social groups– Language– Religion– Daily Life– History– Arts

– Government– Economy

Page 4: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Social Groups

• Social Group – the different groups of people in a society. Rich Middle Class Poor Age

Roles of men and Women

Ethnic Group: a group of people who share a common history, language, religion, and physical features.

Page 5: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Social Groups

• Majority Groups – group of people in a society that control most of the wealth and power

• Minority Group – group of people in a society is the group of people which have a different race or ethnicity than the majority group.

Page 6: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Question

• Use your book and find what are the majority, and minority groups in the United States.

• Majority Groups : Caucasian

• Minority Groups: African Americans and Hispanic Americans.

Page 7: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Language

• Language is one of the strongest unifying forces for a culture.

• Dialect – a local form of a language that differs from the same language in other areas. – Schuylkill County has a dialect.– CoalSpeak: Dictionary of the Coal Region

Page 8: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Question

• Use your book to find other examples of dialect.

– Northeast – soda– Midwest – pop

Page 9: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Religion

• Religion helps people answer basic questions about life and its meaning.

• Many types of religions around the world. Some of the most common are:

– Buddhism– Christianity– Hinduism– Islam– Judaism

Page 10: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Types of Religion

• Buddhism – Belief in the Eightfold Path- rules that lead to a life of morality, wisdom, and good thought.

• Nirvana – State of Bliss – achieved when you follow the eightfold path.

• Leader – Buddha

Page 11: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Buddhism

• 365 million followers or 6% of the world’s population.

• Buddhism is the 4th largest religion in the world.

• Started in India spread into Sri Lanka and then across Asia.

Page 12: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Buddhism

Page 13: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Christianity

• Christians believe that Jesus the son of God was sent to Earth died on the cross to save humanity.

• Having faith in Jesus, you will have eternal life in heaven.

• Leader is Jesus Christ - monotheistic• 2.1 Billion people in the world are Christian• About 75% of all American adults consider

themselves Christian.

Page 14: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Types of Christianity

• Catholic• Protestant• Lutheran• Methodist

Page 15: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Christianity

Page 16: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Hinduism

• Reincarnation - after death the soul is reborn in another form. (person, animal, vegetable)

• Karma – spiritual force resulting from action in the past lives. Karma determines what a persons soul will be reborn as.

• Polytheistic – more than one God. The 3 main Gods are Brahma, Vishnu and Siva

• Leader - Unknown

Page 17: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Hinduism

• About 900 million people.• 3rd largest religion in the world• Originated in India• Shastras – book of their spiritual laws

Page 18: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Hinduism

Page 19: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Islam

• Followers are known as Muslims• Monotheistic – 1 God – Allah• Follow the Quran• Muhammad – prophet that said the Quran was

revealed to him by Allah• 5 Pillars of Faith –take you to eternal paradise– Belief Fasting– Charity Prayer

– Pilgrimage

Page 20: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Islam

• 1.5 billion people• 2nd largest religion in the world. • Islam – means submission• Origin Saudi Arabia

Page 21: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Islam

Page 22: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Judaism

• Monotheistic- 1 God – Yahweh• Believe they will have peace with each other

and God if they follow God’s laws. • Torah- first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.• Leader – Abraham• About 14 million people are Jewish

Page 23: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Judaism

• Hannukah- commemorates the Jews struggle for religious freedom

• 8 Days long – because after the victory, the menorah was lit for eight days when they thought it would only last for one.

• Menorah – 8 candles.• Celebrates the Maccabees victory over the

Syrian Greeks

Page 24: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Judaism

Page 25: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Religions of the World

• http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html

Page 26: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Daily Life

• The things that we eat, say and do everyday as part of our lives.

• Many of these traditions have originated in other parts of the world. – Eating pizza, tacos, yogurt, egg rolls.– Eating with silverware, fingers, chopsticks– Clothing that we wear.

Page 27: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

History

• The things in the past that we remember as a significant part of our daily lives. – Holidays – 4th of July, Cinco de Mayo, Veterans Day– Time periods – World War II, Civil War,

Enlightenment– People – George Washington, Queen Elizabeth,

Napolean

Page 28: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Arts

• An expression of feelings, time periods. – Pictures– Sculptures– Literature– Dance

– Architecture– Music

Page 29: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Government

• Rule or laws that people live by in a country• Limited Governments – all people must live

by the written law of the land– Constitution– Statement of Rights• Unlimited Governments – rulers have powers that

are not limited by laws.– Hitler

Page 30: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Government

• Democracy - form of limited government where power rests with the people of the nation.

• Dictatorship – Unlimited government where rulers rely on the police and military to take power by force.

• Monarchy – kings and queens are born into a ruling family. (Until about 1600 absolute monarchy unlimited power however now, most countries use a constitutional monarch which is limited. )

Page 31: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Types of Government

• Direct Democracy• Representative Democracy• Absolute Monarchy

• Dictatorship

Page 32: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Direct Democracy

• All citizens vote directly on issues.

• What countries have a direct democracy?– Switzerland– New England towns

Page 33: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Representative Democracy

• People vote for representatives who lead the country and make laws.

• What countries have a Representative Democracy?

– United States – Russia– France

Page 34: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Representative Democracy

• The majority rules in a democracy• People vote for who they feel is the best

representative. Once chosen, the representative is responsible for getting the people what they want. – Presidential Election- people are voting on who is

the best person to lead the country.

Page 35: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Constitutional Monarchy

• Monarch inherits the right to rule however they have limited powers.

• What countries have a constitutional monarchy– United Kingdom– Japan– Sweden – Jordan

Page 36: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Absolute Monarchy

• Inherits the right to rule, however they have limited power.

• What countries have an absolute monarch?– Saudi Arabia

Page 37: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Dictatorship

• Makes all laws and suppresses any opposition– Hitler- Germany– Stalin – Soviet Union

What countries have a dictatorship?Cuba - Iraq – Under Saddam Hussein

Page 38: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Economy

• How the people in a society earn a living. • Deals with the money of a country– Farming– Manufacturing– Services

Page 39: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Types of Economies

• Traditional • Command• Market• Mixed

Page 40: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Traditional Economy

• Customs and traditions determine what and how to produce. Resources are usually shared. Passed down from generation to generation.

• Bartering or exchanging is used

– Inuits – Canada– Parts of Africa and South America

Page 41: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Bartering

Page 42: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Command Economy

• Government owns resources and controls production, prices, and wages.

• “Communism” refers to Command Economies

– China– North Korea– Former USSR

Page 43: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Command Economies

Page 44: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Market Economy

• Individuals own resources and determine what and how to produce.

• Supply and Demand policy – prices and wages are set based on the producers supply, and the consumer demand.

• Also Known as consumer economics.– United States

Page 45: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Market Economy

Page 46: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Mixed

• Individuals own most resources and determine what and how to produce

• Government can regulate some industries– Almost all nations have this form of economics

including the United States.

Page 47: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Economies and Culture

Page 48: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Government vs. Economy

Government• Laws that are used to

control and regulate a country

Economy• The jobs and money matters

of a country. How the people of a country make a living.

Page 49: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Cultural Change

• Cultures do not remain the same• Cultural Diffusion - spreading new knowledge

and skills to other cultures. • What are causes of cultural diffusion?

– Television– Movies– Internet

Page 50: Chapter 3 The World’s People. Understanding Culture What is Culture? Culture - is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.

Cultures

• Civilizations: a highly developed culture

• Culture Region: countries that have traits in common.