Define tourism
Outline the important international and domestic tourism organizations
Describe the economic impact of tourism
Identify promoters of tourism
List reasons why people travel
Describe the sociocultural impact of tourism
Describe ecotourism
Year-round economic driver
Accounts for 10.2% of world GDP 7.8% of
global workforce
Employer of 200 million people or 7.8% of the
global workforce
Spending on tourism is $72.3 billion
Leading producer of tax revenues
Trend factors The opening of borders despite security concerns
An increase in disposable income and vacations
Cheaper and more exclusive flights
An increase in the number of people with time and
money to travel
More people with the urge to travel
“Tourism comprises the activities of people
traveling to and staying in places outside
their usual environment for not more than
one consecutive year for leisure, business,
and other purposes.”
Geography
Ownership
Function
Industry
Motive
Change occurred in 1978
Purpose is to allow a free market of
competition (fare structures)
Change in companies and the way airlines
are doing business
Business travelers spend less
Airlines’ fuel costs, pensions and security costs are on the rise
Major airlines are laying off employees
Delivery of new jets is delayed
Closing hubs, reservation and maintenance centers to cut costs
Enables passengers to travel from one smaller city via another smaller city via a hub
Hubs are the centers for connections around the world
Benefits Airlines can service cities at a lower cost
Airlines can maximize passenger loads from small cities, thereby saving fuel
A floating resort8.2 million passengers vacationed on
a ship in 2003 aloneMost cruise ships sail under foreign
flags Lower labor cost US ships are not permitted to operate
casino-style gambling Lower construction costs
Mass market
Middle market
Luxury market
Click on the links below for more information: World Tourism Organization
International Air Transportation Organization
International Civil Aviation Organization
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
Pacific Asia Travel Association
Travel Industry of America
World Travel and Tourism Council
International travelers spend about $72.3 billion on travel-related expenses in the US annually
20.8 million people are directly employed in the industry
Travel generates $95.6 billion yearly in tax receipts
Approximately 40 million international travelers visit the US each year
New money spent by tourists is then re-spent
by hotels and restaurants in the community
for goods and services
Leakage occurs when money must be spent
outside the community for goods unavailable
within the community
Serve as a middle person
Agents use computer reservation systems
Make money on commissions charged to
hotels and car rental bookings
Charge clients a fee for their services
What does the future hold for travel
promoters?
Work within a large corporation
Can still work with travel agencies
Can also be the “meeting planner”
Consolidated services Airlines
Other transportation carriers
Ground service suppliers
Tours
Sold to the public
National Offices
US now has an NTO Private organization
Examples of other NTO’s Canada
Germany
Australia
Service organizations
Meet the needs of their clients
They sell destinations
Meeting planners
Incentive companies
To experience new and different surroundings
To experience other cultures
To rest and relaxTo visit friends and
familyTo view, or
participate in, sporting/recreational activities
Longer life spanFlexible working
hoursEarly retirementGreater ease of
travelTendency to take
shorter, more frequent trips
Increase in standard of living
Scenic beauty
Pleasant attitudes of locals
Suitable accommodations
Rest and relaxation
Airfare cost
Historic and cultural interests
Cuisine
Water sports
Entertainment
Shopping facilities
Sports
Companies are requiring employees to take the lowest reasonable airfare
37% of employees stay over a Saturday night when it will reduce the airfare
77% impose a size limit on rental cars, up from 70%
14% regularly make employees stay in economy hotels such as Hampton Inn or Courtyard by Marriott
Tourism pollution
Cultural awareness
Higher levels of employment
Buzzword
Seeks to minimize
the impact of
tourism
Natural
environment and
native cultures
Ecotourism
Number of tourist arrivals will continue to increase
Governments will continue to recognize importance of tourism
Increase in number of bi-lateral treaties
Internet booking will increase
Technology will continue to advance
Marketing partnerships and corporate alliances will continue to improve
Ticket-less air travel will become commonplace
Managing destinations has become a challenge
Increase in number of “boutique” airlines
Increase in use of automatic airport check-ins
Continued expansion in the cruise industry
More alternate cruises
Increased concern for health and safety of
travel and tourism
Increase in “nature” tourism