Chapter 3 P2 Intensive 2010

8/11/2019 Chapter 3 P2 Intensive 2010

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FORCES & PRESSURE

3.1 PRESSURE1. Question 3: Teknik 07

Diagram 3.1 shows a man weight of

500 N sitting on 800 nails and feels nopain although the nails exerted pressureto him. Diagram 3.2 shows the surfacearea of the tip of the nail

DIAGRAM 3.1 DIAGRAM 3.2

(a) State the SI unit of pressure?

..............................................................[1 mark]

(b) Calculate the pressure exerted onthe man in Diagram 3.1

[3marks]

(c) Its easier to cut through a loaf of breadusing a sharp knife than a blunt knife.Explain this situation.

..............................................................

..............................................................

[2 marks]

2. Question 5: Kelantan 09Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show twoballoons A and B exerted with the sameforce.

(a) What is meant by pressure?

...............................................................[1 mark]

(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram5.2,

(i) Which balloon will burst easily?

...............................................................[1 mark]

(ii) Compare the pressure exerted onthe balloon.

...............................................................[1 mark]

(iii) Compare the surface area offinger and needle which in contactwith the balloon.

..........................................................[1 mark]

(iv) Relate the pressure exerted on theballoon with the surface area

...........................................................[1 mark]

(v) What happens to the pressure onthe balloon if force exerted isincreased?

...........................................................[1 mark]


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3. Question 6: Johor 07A farmer has two vehicles with the samemass and the same number of wheels.

Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2

(a) Based in the Diagram 6.1 andDiagram 6.2:

(i) compare the contact area betweenthe wheels in the Diagram 6.1 andDiagram 6.2.

...............................................................

................................................................[1 mark]

(ii) compare the weight of the

vehicle 1 and vehicle 2.

...............................................................

................................................................[1 mark]

(b) Which vehicle should the farmer usewhen driving across his fields whenthe ground is very soft? Give yourreasons.

......................................................................

......................................................................[2 marks]

(c) Name the physics concept involved.

...............................................................[1 mark]

(d) A manufacturer of car wheelsestimates that the area of a carwheel in contact with the road isabout the same as the area of apersons shoe in contact with the

ground. A car weighs 10 000 N and adriver weighs 500 N.

(i) Calculate the ratio pressure of caron ground : pressure of driver onground. The car has 4 tyres and adriver has 2 feet)

[2 marks]

(ii) Suggest why it might be a goodidea to reduce the pressure of theair in car tyres if the car is to bedriven over soft sand.

......................................................................

......................................................................[1 mark]


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3.2 LIQUID PRESSURE4. Question 2: Kelantan 10

Diagram 2.1 shows two differentcontainers filled with water. The waterpressure atpoint P and point Q are the same.

(a) What is the meaning of pressure?

...............................................................[1 mark]

(b) State one factor that affect the waterpressure at point P and Q.

...............................................................[1 mark]

(c) Calculate the water pressure at pointP.[Density of water = 1000 kgm-3]

[2 marks]

(d) Diagram 2.2 shows the water spurtwhen a hole is made near the baseof container B.

Diagram 2.2

Diagram 2.3 shows the water incontainer B is replaced by liquid X whichhas higher density than water.

Diagram 2.3

Sketch the spurt of liquid X in Diagram2.3.

[1 mark]

5. Question 5: SBP 07Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show twodams with different shapes.


(a) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram5.2(i) Compare the dams in Diagram

5.1 and Diagram 5.2.

...........................................................

...........................................................[1 mark]


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(ii) Compare the pressure at pointA and point B in the lake.

...........................................................

..........................................................

...........................................................[1 mark]

(b) (i) Based on the answer in (a)(ii),which dam is stronger?

........................................................

........................................................

[1 mark](ii) Explain the reasons for your

answer in (b)(i).

........................................................

.......................................................[ 2 marks ]

(c) Diagram 5.3 shows an apparatusused to remove water from a beaker

to a cylinder.

Diagram 5.3

(i) Name the apparatus shown indiagram 5.3.

.....................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) Give a reason why water flowsfrom the beaker to the cylinderas shown in Diagram 5.3.

.....................................................

.....................................................[1 mark]

(iii) In Diagram 5.4, mark thewater level in the cylinderwhen water stops flowingfrom the beaker to thecylinder.

[1 mark]

6. Question 7: SBP 09Diagram 7.1 shows a concrete watertank filled with water.

Diagram 7.1

(a) State a factor that affects the waterpressure in the tank.

..............................................................[1 mark]


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(b)(i) Compare the water pressure at Pand Q

..........................................................[1 mark]

(ii) Calculate the water pressure at Q.(Density of water = 1000 kg m-3 )

[2 marks]

(c) Diagram 7.2 shows water flowsfrom the concrete tank to the housewater tank.

Diagram 7.2

(i) What is the factor that causesthe water to flow from theconcrete tank to the

.............................................................. [1 mark]

(ii) The flow of water from theconcrete tank to the housewill stop at level P.Explain why the supply

stops?

..............................................................

.............................................................. [2 mark]

(d) (i) Suggest two modificationsthat can be done to ensure thewater flow continously to thehouse water tank.

..............................................................

..............................................................[2 mark]

(ii) Draw a water tank that can

withstand high waterpressure .

[1 mark]

3.3 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

7. Question 5: Melaka 09Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show twomercury manometers in a laboratory.The gas supply in Diagram 5.1 has lesspressure than diagram 5.2


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(a) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram5.2(i) state similarities about the

magnitude and the direction ofpressures

Magnitude :

Directions:

[2marks]

(iii) what is the total pressure atpoint W

[1 mark]

(iii) state the relationship betweenpressure at W and the gaspressure

[1 mark]

(b) Based on the answers in 5(a)(ii)

and 5(a)(iii), write words equation

that relate between the

atmospheric pressure, mercury

pressure and the gas pressure.

[1 mark]

(c) (i) The gas supply is taken out.

Describe changes on the

height of the mercury column

in both Diagrams.

[1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason to youranswer in (c)(i).

[1 mark]

3.4 PASCALS PRINCIPLE8. Question 2: Melaka Trial 08

Diagram 2 shows a hydraulic brakesystem of a car. The cross-sectionalareas of the main cylinder and the smallcylinder are 5 x 10 - 4m2 and 6.0 x 10 - 4m2respectively.


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Diagram 2

(a) State the physics principleinvolved in Diagram 2.

..........................................................[1 mark]

(b) On Diagram 2 show the directionof motions of the main cylinderand the small cylinder.

[1 mark]

(c) State the relationship between theliquid pressure in the maincylinder and the small cylinder.

...........................................................[1 mark]

(d) The brake pedal is pressed with aforce of 15 N. Calculate the forceapplied to the small cylinder.

[2 marks]

9. Question 3: Kedah 08Diagram 3.1 shows a model of ahydraulic jack. The force F1applied onthe small piston R is able to support twoloads which are placed on piston S and

T.

(a) Name the principle used in thehydraulic jack.

.. [1 mark]

(b) (i) If F1= 5.0 N, calculate thepressure exerted on piston R.

[1 mark](ii) Compare the fluid pressure at S

and T to the pressure at R.

.[1 mark]

(iii) Determine the magnitude of theforce F2

[2 marks]

(c) Give one reason why it is moresuitable to use a liquid instead of airas the hydraulic fluid.

[2 marks]

3.5 ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE

10. Question 3: MRSM 09Diagram 3.1 shows a freely floatinghydrometer in water.


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Diagram 3.1

A principle states that:When a body is immersed wholly orpartially in a fluid, the buoyant forcesacting on the body is equal to the weightof the fluid it displaces.(a) (i) Name the principle above.

...........................................................[1 mark]

(ii) Mark on Diagram 3.1 the

direction of the two forces actingon the hyrdrometer.

[1 mark]

(b) The hydrometer is removed fromwater, dried and then placed in oil.

(i) Predict the length of thehydrometer that is submerged inoil, compared to length in water

........................................................

[1 mark](ii) Give a reason for your answer in

3(b)(i).

........................................................[1 mark]

Diagram 3.2

(c) Diagram 3.2 shows an objectwhich has a weight of 0.25 N fullyimmersed in water. Its apparentweight is 0.22 N. [Density of water= 1000 kg m-3](i) What is the buoyant force

on the object?

[1 mark]

(ii) Determine the volume of theobject.

[2 marks]

11. Question 3: Kedah 09

Diagram 3 shows a block of concretebeing lowered to the bottoms of a lake.The volume of the block is 2.5 m3and itsweight is 125 000 N. The density of thewater in the lake is 1 010 kgm -3.

Diagram 3

(a) State the SI unit for pressure.

......................................................[1 mark]

(b) State one factor that affects thepressure at a point below thesurface of a liquid.


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(c) (i) Calculate the weight of thewater displaced by the block.

[2 marks]

(ii) Calculate the tension, T, in thecable.

[2 marks]

12. Question 5: SBP 08Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show twosolid spheres A and B with different

density place in the water.

(a) What is meant by density?

............................................................[ 1 mark]

(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram5.1,(i) compare the density of sphere A

and sphere B

........................................................... [ 1 mark]

(ii) compare the weight of sphere Aand sphere B

...........................................................[ 1 mark]

(iii) compare the weight of waterdisplaced by sphere A and sphereB

........................................................... [ 1 mark]

(iv) relate the weight of sphere andthe weight of water displaced

...........................................................[ 1 mark]

(v) relate the weight of waterdisplaced and upthrust

.........................................................

[ 1 mark]

(c) Name the physics principleinvolved in Diagram 5.1 andDiagram 5.2.

............................................................ [ 1 mark]

(c) State one application of physicsprinciple in 5 (c).

.............................................................. [ 1 mark]

13. Question 5: Mid Melaka 09

Diagram 5.1 shows three boxes withdifferent density at stationary state.

Diagram 5.1


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Diagram 5.2 shows the boxes float stillwhen placed in a liquid.

Diagram 5.2

(a) Based on the situation in Diagram5.1 and the situation in Diagram5.2,

(i) State similarities about thevolume and the net force of theboxes.Volume: ................................

Net force of the boxes:

...............................................[2 marks]

(ii) Compare the weight of the boxesin ascending order.

[1 mark]

(b) Observe Diagram 5.2(i) Describe the position of the

boxes in the liquid

[2 marks]

(ii) Explain your answer in5(b)(i).

[2 marks]

(c) Based on the answer in 5(b)(ii),name the physics conceptinvolve.

[1 mark]14. Question 5: Trengganu 07

A fisherman finds that his boat is atdifferent levels in the sea and in theriver, although the boat carriesthe same load. The density of sea water

and river water is 1025 kg m-3 and 1000kg m-3respectively.

Diagram 5.1(a) Diagram 5.1(b)

Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 illustratethe situation of the boat in the sea andin the river.

(a) What is meant by density?

..............................................................[1 mark]

(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram5.2 :

(i) Compare the level of the boatin the sea water and in the riverwater.

.....................................................

.....................................................[1 mark]

(ii) Compare the volume of waterdisplaced by the boat in thesea and in the river

.....................................................

.....................................................[1 mark]

(iii) Compare the density of seawater and river water.

.....................................................

.....................................................


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[1 mark]

(c)(i) Relate the volume of waterdisplaced to the density of water.

..............................................................

..............................................................[1 mark]

(iii) Deduce relationship betweenweight of the boat and the weightof the water displaced.

...........................................................

...........................................................[1 mark]

(d) Name the physics principle thatexplains the situation above.

..............................................................[1 mark]

(e) A submarine can sail on the seasurface and under the sea by usingthe principle stated in (d).How a submarine on the surface ofthe sea can submerge?

..............................................................

.............................................................[1 mark]

15. Question 7: N9 08

(a) Diagram 7.1 show a boat made fromsteel floating at the sea. The mass ofthe boat is 7500 kg.

(i) State one function of plimsollline?

........................................................(ii) What is the buoyant force acts

on the boat.

.......................................................[1 mark]

(iii) In the Diagram 7.2, mark thelevel of water when the boatenter the river Mouth.

[1 mark]

(iv) Explain your answer in (a)(iii).

.....................................................[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 7.3 shows a hot airballoon floating stationary in theair.


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(i) State the relationship betweenthe weight of air balloon andthe upthrust.

.....................................................[1 mark]

(ii) What will happen to the airballoon if the load is dropped?

.....................................................[1 mark]

(iii) Explain your answer in (b) (ii).

.....................................................

.....................................................[2 mark]

3.6 BERNOULLIS PRINCIPLE16. Question 2: Melaka 08

Diagram 2.1 shows an insecticidesprayer.

(a) (i) Name the science principleinvolved in the insecticidesprayer.

...........................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) Which region experiences lowpressure?In the box below, tick the

correct answer.

X

Y

X

[1 mark]

(b) State one reason for your answerin 2 (a) (ii).

..........................................................[1 mark]

(c) Describe how the instrumentproduced a fine spray liquid?

...........................................................[1 mark]

17. Question 3: SBP 08Diagram 3.1 shows a horizontal tube ABwith both of it ends are closed withrubber stoppers. The tube is also fixedwith three vertical tubes X,Y and Z.Water is then poured into the horizontaltube AB.

(i) Mark the water level in thevertical tube X,Y and Z.

[1 mark]

(ii) State one physical quantity thataffected the water level in theabove diagram.

...........................................................[1 mark]


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Diagram 3.2

(c) A ventury tube AB now is replacedwith the ventury tube shown indiagram 3.2. Water flows uniformlyfrom end A to end B of the tube andit is found that the water level oftube P is at Z. (Density of water =1000 kgm-3)

(i) Compare the water level in thevertical tube P,Q and R.

..........................................................[1 mark]

(ii) Name the principal involve in b(i).

...........................................................[1 mark]

(iii) By neglecting atmosphericpressure, calculate the pressurecaused by the water column atpoint X.

[2 marks]

18. Question 5: Perak 07The Diagram 5.1 shows before and whenair flow through tube.The Diagram 5.2 shows the situation ofthe roof of a house before and when

high wind blows.

Before air flows When air flows

Diagram 5.1

Before air flows When air flows

Diagram 5.2

(a) What is meant by speed?

..........................................................[1 mark]

(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 andDiagram 5.2:(i) State two similarities for the

situations in Diagram 5.1 andDiagram 5.2.1. ..............................................


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.............................................

2. ..............................................

..............................................[2 marks]

(ii) Compare the air pressureabove the roof and below theroof in Diagram 5.2.

....................................................[1 mark]

(iii) Relate the speed of the air andthe pressure of the air.

....................................................[1 mark]

(c) Name the principle involved in 5(b)(iii).

...........................................................[1 mark]

(d) Diagram 5.3 shows an instrumentuse to spray an insecticide.

In Diagram 5.3,(i) Compare the speed of air at Q

and at R.

....................................................[1 mark]

(ii) Compare air the pressure at Qand R.

.....................................................[1 mark]


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19. Conceptual: Kedah 07Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show howwater spurts out from its container whenthe valve is opened.


When a liquid is held in a container, itexerts pressure on the container.

(a) What is meant by pressure?[1 mark]

(b) With reference to Diagram 9.1 andDiagram 9.2, compare the depth ofthe water in both containers, the rateat which water spurts out and thedistance travelled by the water thatspurts out.Relate the distance travelled by thewater that spurts out to the depth of

the water. Hence make a conclusionregarding the relationship betweenthe pressure and the depth of thewater.

[5 marks]

20. Understanding: Kedah 07A small bubble of air is released fromthe bottom of a lake.

(i) Explain what happens to the size of

bubble as it rises to the surface ofthe water.

[2 marks]

(ii) Explain how this change affects theupward motion of the bubble.

[2 marks]

21. Understanding: Trengganu 07Diagram 9.2 shows the toothpaste flowsout of its tube while squeezing at thebottom end.

DIAGRAM 9.2

Explain how the toothpaste flows outand name a physics principle related toit.

[4 marks]

22. Understanding: Perak 07(i) What is meant by pressure?

[1 mark](ii) Explain why places at high altitude

the temperature is colder compare to

places at low altitude which is morewarmer.

[4 marks]

23. Understanding: SBP 07

Diagram 11.2

Diagram 11.2 shows rod A and rod B ofdifferent densities are immersed in


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water. Explain why the rods float inwater and why B sinks deeper than A.

[4 marks]

24. Understanding: Trengganu 07Diagram 11.1 shows a small aircraft.

Diagram 11.2 shows a cross section ofthe aircrafts wings.

Diagram 11.1

Diagram 11.2

(a) Name the shape of the crosssectional of the aircraft wings.

[1 mark]

(b) The aircraft obtains its lift whenflying due to a difference inpressure of the air between theupper and bottom sides of the

wings.(i) Explain how this difference in

pressure is produced.

[3 marks]

(i) Name the principle involved inyour answer to(b)(i)

[1 mark]

25. Teknik 07Diagram 11.1 shows a gas balloon,moored with a load at the Book Festival.The mass of the balloon is 5 kg. Theballoon and the load float at a certain

height and the buoyant force acting onthe balloon is 250 N

DIAGRAM 11.1

(i) What is the meaning of buoyantforce ?

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain why the balloon and theload float ?

[4 marks]

(c) If the mooring rope cut off, the

balloons will rise up.

(i) Calculate the resultant force of theballoon

(ii) Calculate the initial acceleration ofthe balloon

(iii)what is your assumption in yourcalculation in c(ii)

[5 marks]


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Table 11.2 shows the characteristics offour sets, A, B , C and D of balloons,ropes and loads .

Set Type of gasfilled and

density

Mass ofloads

/kg

MaximumTension

allowed /N

A Helium(0.17 kg m-3)

5 300

B Hydrogen(0.09 kg/m3)

20 250

C Helium(0.17 kg m-3)

20 300

D Nitrogen(1.25 kg/m3)

5 100

As a supervisor , you are assigned toinvestigate the characteristics of setballoons, ropes and loads that couldbe used for the purpose.Base on the table 11.2;(i) Explain the suitable

characteristics of the balloons,ropes and loads so that it can beused

(ii) Decide which set is most suitableto be used at the festival.

(iii) Explain why the others set is notsuitable

[10 marks]

26. Making decision problem: Perak07

You are asked to investigate thecharacteristics of tractors and choose atractor that can do heavy works, anexample of a tractor is shown in

Diagram 11.2.

Diagram 11.2

Typeof

tractor

Characteristics of tractors

Size oftyre

Physical state

of

fluidsused inhydrau

licsystem

Mass Basearea

Centre ofgravi

ty

M Large Liquid Large Large Low

N Large Liquid Large Large High

P Large Gas Large Small High

Q Medium

Liquid Large Medium

Low

R Large Liquid Large Medium

High

(i) Explain the suitability of thecharacteristics of the tractorsused to do heavy works.

(ii) Determine the most suitabletractor and give reasons foryou choice.

[10 marks]


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27. Making decision: SBP 07Diagram 11.1 shows an apparatus whichis used to determine the density of aliquid. These apparatus is an applicationof Archimedes Principle.

Diagram 11.1

You are required to build a hydrometerthat can be used to measure densities ofconcentrated acids.

Table 11.1 shows the characteristics of 4types of hydrometers L, M, N and O.

Hydrometer

Typeof

materialof

hydroeter

Diameterof

capillary

tube/cm

Densityof

shots/kgm-3

Diameterof

bottom

bulb/cm

L Plastic 0.5 1000 1.0

M Plastic 2.0 1300 3.0

N Glass 0.5 9800 3.0

O Glass 2.0 8000 1.0

Based on the table 11.1;

(ii) Explain the suitablecharacteristics of thehydrometer so that it can beused to measure differentdensities of acids.

(iii) Decide which hydrometer ismost suitable and give reasons.

[10 marks]

28. Making Descision: Trengganu 07(a) Table 11 shows characteristic of

four design of the aircraft wings.

You are requested to choose a suitablewing to be installed with the body of theaircraft.

By referring to the information given inTable 11, explain the suitability of eachcharacteristic and suggest the mostsuitable wing to be installed with thebody of the aircraft.

[10 marks]

(b) An aircraft installation departmentchooses wing P to be installedwith its aircrafts which hasmaximum mass 800 kg.

(i) If the air pressure below the wing ismore than the air pressure abovethe wing by 500 N m-2, calculate theforce that exerted from below of thewing.

[2 marks]

(ii) Determine the resultant force andits direction that exerted to the wingof the aircraft.

[2 marks]

(iii) Calculate the vertical accelerationof the aircraft.

[1 mark]


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29. Qualitative problem: Kedah 07Diagram 9.3 and Diagram 9.4 show the sideview of two different models of a dam madefrom bricks and concrete.


(i) Which model is preferable? Explain youranswer.

[2 marks](ii) Suggest two uses of the water in the

dam.

[2 marks](iii) Explain the modifications that need to be

made to the dam to enable it to storemore water safely.

[6 marks]

30. Qualitative problem : Trengganu 07Diagram 9.3 shows a hidraulic jackwhich can lift up a maximum mass of 1metric tonne.

DIAGRAM 9.3

Using suitable physics concepts,explain the modification that needs to bedone to the:i. size of the piston,ii. material of the body,iii. type of liquid used,iv. handle and

v. ability to reset the piston positioneasily of the hidraulic jack to enableit to lift mass of greater quantity.

[10 marks]

31. Quantitative problem: Perak 07Diagram 11.1 is used to study the effectof altitude on the magnitude ofatmospheric. The atmospheric pressurecan be measured by a Fortin barometer.The density of the mercury used in theFortin barometer is 13 600 kg m-3.

Diagram 11.1

What is the(i) atmospheric pressure at the

sea level in pascal (Pa)?

(ii) atmospheric pressureexperienced by the aircraft inpascal (Pa)?

(iii) atmospheric pressureexperienced by the satellite in

pascal (Pa)? [5 marks]


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(i) What is meant by weight?[1 mark]

(ii) Using Diagram 9.1(a), Diagram 9.1(b)and Diagram 9.1(c), compare thespring balance reading, the weightlost of the rock and the density of thewater and the cooking oil.Relating the weight lost and thedensity, deduce a relevant physicsconcept.

[4 marks]

(iii) Name the physics principle that

explains the above situations.

[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 9.2 shows a copper block anda bowl shape copper sheet of samemass.Explain why the copper block sink inwater but the bowl shape copper sheetfloats on water.

[4 marks]

(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a barge used totransport goods from fresh water port

to the ship anchored away from theseaside.

Using suitable physics concepts,explain the required modificationneeded in designing a barge that cancarry more and heavier goods, movefaster and safe in fresh and salt water.

You can emphasise on the followingaspects in your modification;

i. material used

ii. plimsoll line

iii. shape and size of the barge

[10 marks]

34. Section C: Kelantan 08

Diagram 11.1 shows two boats of thesame weights floating on the surface ofwater in the sea and in the river.

(a)(i) What is meant by weight?[1 mark]

(iii)Explain why the boat is able tofloat?

[1 mark](iv)Explain why the sinking levels of

the boats are difference in theriver and in the sea.

[3 marks]


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(a) If the volume of the boat thatsinks in sea water is 250 mm3andthe density of sea water is 1 080kgm-3, calculate(i) Up thrust which acts on the

boat.

[3 marks](ii) The volume of water

displaced when the boat isin the river. [density of riverwater = 1 000 kgm-3]

[2 marks](b) Diagram 11.2 shows the

specifications of four hydrometersP, Q, R and S

Long and small long and smallstem stemGlass wall Plastics wallBulb of diameter Bulb of diameter6 cm 3 cmLead shoots vacuum

Short and small short and smallStem stemGlass wall Aluminium wallBulb of diameter Bulb of diameter

6 cm 3 cmVacuum Lead shoots

You are asked to measure the density ofan acid solution.

(i) Study hydrometers P, Q,R andS in diagram 11.2 and explainthe suitability of each featuresto determine the density ofacid solution

(ii) Determine the most suitablehydrometer to be used tomeasure the density of an acidsolution.

[10 marks]35. Section C: N9 08

Diagram 11.1 shows a machinecontrolled by a worker to dump soil.A hydraulic system helps to move thebucket containing soil.

(a) What is meant by pressure?[1 mark ]

(b) Using a concept of pressure inliquid, explain why the hydraulicsystem in this machine is knownas a force multiplier.

[4 marks]


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(c) Diagram 11.2 shows a hydraulic jacklifting the back portion of the car.

Table 11.3 shows four type of liquid, K,L, M, and N, with differentspecifications. You are required todetermine the most suitable liquid thatcan be used as a hydraulic fluid in thehydraulic jack. Study the specificationsof all the four types of liqiud from the

following aspects:i) Boiling point of the liquid

ii) Specific heat capacity of liquidiii) Density of liquidiv) Rate of vaporation of liquid

[10 marks]

(d) A man of mass 60 kg walks onsnow wearing snow shoes. His feetwill sink into the snow if the

pressure exerted exceeds 500 Pa.(i) What is the weight of the man?

(ii) Calculate the minimum area ofeach snow shoe so that he willnot sink into the snow.

[5 marks]

36. Section C: Kedah 08(a) (i) State Archimedess principle.

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain why a balloon filled withhelium gas rises up in the air.

[4 marks](b) Diagram 11.1 shows four hot air

balloon, P,Q, R and S with differenttextures. You are required todetermine the most suitable hot airballoon which is able to carry threeor four people to a higher altitude ina shorter time. Study the features of

all the four hot air balloons from thefollowing aspects:- The size of the balloon- The number of the burners- The type of the fabric of the

balloon

-The temperature of the air in theballoon.

Explain the suitability of the aspects.Justify your choice.

Hot air balloon PSmall balloon,volume = 800 m3

Features- Type ofballon fabric:Synthetic

nylon- Temperatureof flame: 100C

Hot air balloon QLarge balloonVolume: 2500 m3

Features- Type ofballon fabric:Synthetic

nylon- Temperatureof flame: 120C

Hot air balloon RLarge balloon

Volume: 2500 m3

Features- Type of

ballon fabric:Canvas

- Temperatureof flame: 60C


24/24

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

Hot air balloon SSmall balloonVolume: 800 m3

Features- Type ofballon fabric:Canvas

- Temperatureof flame: 80C

[10 marks]

(c) Diagram 11.3 shows a cylindrical glass

tube of uniform cross sectional area of2 cm2. The glass tube contains leadshots and floats upright in water.

The density of water is 1 g cm -3(i) Calculate the total mass of the

glass tube and the lead shots.(ii) The tube is then placed in

another liquid of differentdensity. Determine theminimum density of liquid forthe tube to float in it.

[5 marks]

37. Quatitative problem: SBP 07Diagram 11.3 shows a boat which has asafety limit line, L. The volume of theboat under the line L is 4 m3. The massof the boat is 250 kg.[density of water : 1000 kgm-3]

Diagram

(i) Calculate the volume of waterdisplaced by the boat.

(ii) What is the maximum load that can

be carried safely by the boat?

[ 5 marks]

Chapter 3 P2 Intensive 2010

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