Chapter 29 Section 1 The Challenges of Peace
Jan 01, 2016
Chapter 29 Section 1The Challenges of Peace
Problems of demobilization
• 9 Million men and women discharged• Heroes Welcome
• Concern over economy• Decline• Similar to after WWI
• Wanted Jobs
• Congress Preparing for Peace:• GI Bill of Rights
• 1944
• Provided Pensions• Government Loans
• Attend College• Almost 8 Million• Colleges or Technical Schools
Economy• Employment Act:
• 1946
• Commits Government• Promoting
• Full Employment
• Production
• Council of Economic Advisers• Meet with President
• Postwar Depression:• Never Happens
• Consumer Goods• Produced in former military factories
• Americans Spending Money• Saved during war
• Worker Priorities• Veterans
The American Workplace
• Workplace Decisions:
• Protecting African Americans• Discrimination
• Rosie the Riveter• Retired
• Encourage Full-Time Homemakers• Women were Fired• Pressured to Quit
• Postwar Inflation:
• Wartime Price Controls • Lifted• Prices Soared
• “Horsemeat Harry”
• Labor Unrest:• Wartime Pledges – Not to Strike
• Workers Walk Off Jobs
Labor Unrest• Presidential Response:
• Truman Generally Supports Unions
• Unions could disrupt Economy
• Mine Workers Strike
• Sends Army to Control Mine
• Railroad Strike
• Draft Workers into Army
• Taft-Hartley Act:
• Congress Passes
• Bill Reduces Strength
• Organized Labor
• Gave Judges More Power in labor disputes
• Truman Vetoes
• Congress overrides
1948 Election• President Truman:
• High Inflation & Labor Unrest• Decrease Support
• Continues Strong Stand• Controversial Issues
• Civil Rights
• Committee on Civil Rights:• Examine Racial Issue
• Widespread Abuses
• Truman Leading Charge• Executive order banning racial discrimination
• Military and federal hiring
Democratic Convention• Split Democratic Party:
• Three Way Split• Truman – Democrats• Wallace – New Progressive Party• J. Strom Thurmond – States Right Party (Dixiecrats)
• Republicans Smell Victory• Nominate Thomas Dewey
• Governor of New York
• Truman Strategy:
• Using Railroads• Attacked Conservatism • Do nothing Republican Congress
• Radicalism Progressives
• Truman Wins
The Fair deal• President Truman
• Encouraged Congress• Fair Deal from Government
• New Reforms
• Fair Deal Promised• Full Employment• Higher Minimum Wage• Affordable Housing• Aid to Farmers• Expansion of Welfare
• Successes:• Social Security• Benefits Extended• Minimum Wage Raised• Demolished Slums• Rebuilt