Chapter 2 Section 1 The Rise of Islam. Daily Life in Early Arabia 1. What is the geography of the Arabian peninsula like? It is bordered by the Red Sea.

Chapter 2 Section 1Chapter 2 Section 1

The Rise of The Rise of IslamIslam

Daily Life in Early ArabiaDaily Life in Early Arabia

1. What is the 1. What is the geography of geography of the Arabian the Arabian peninsula peninsula like?like?

It is bordered by the Red It is bordered by the Red Sea to the west, the Sea to the west, the Persian Gulf to the east, Persian Gulf to the east, and the Arabian Sea to and the Arabian Sea to the south. Heat is the south. Heat is intense, and fresh water intense, and fresh water is mainly located in is mainly located in oases. Mountain ranges oases. Mountain ranges exist in the southwest exist in the southwest where enough rain falls where enough rain falls to support juniper and to support juniper and olive trees.olive trees.

The Arabian PeninsulaThe Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian PeninsulaThe Arabian Peninsula

2. How did people 2. How did people survive in this survive in this climate?climate?

Early Arabs organized Early Arabs organized loyal tribes with a loyal tribes with a leader called a sheikh. leader called a sheikh. Bedouin tribes were Bedouin tribes were desert herders who desert herders who traveled from oasis to traveled from oasis to oasis.oasis.

An oasis is a green An oasis is a green area in the desert area in the desert nourish by nourish by underground waterunderground water

The Arabian PeninsulaThe Arabian Peninsula

3. How and where 3. How and where was trade was trade conducted?conducted?

Many Arabs traveled in Many Arabs traveled in caravans to keep caravans to keep Bedouins from attacking Bedouins from attacking them and stealing. Cities them and stealing. Cities like Makkah (Mecca) like Makkah (Mecca) grew as trade increased grew as trade increased between India and the between India and the Mediterranean. Makkah Mediterranean. Makkah would also become a would also become a very important religious very important religious site and the largest & site and the largest & richest city along Arab richest city along Arab trade routes. trade routes.

Muhammad: Islam’s ProphetMuhammad: Islam’s Prophet

4. Who is 4. Who is MuhammadMuhammad??

Muhammad is said to have Muhammad is said to have been visited by an angel been visited by an angel who inspired him to preach who inspired him to preach “Islam,” which means “Islam,” which means ‘‘surrendering to the will of surrendering to the will of AllahAllah’ in Arabic. “Allah” is ’ in Arabic. “Allah” is the Arab word for God. the Arab word for God.

MuhammadMuhammad5. Why did 5. Why did

the religion the religion catch on so catch on so fast in fast in Makkah?Makkah?

Makkah, Makkah, Muhammad’s home Muhammad’s home town, was a humble town, was a humble city, and the message city, and the message Muhammad spread Muhammad spread appealed to the appealed to the people. people. Only 1 GodOnly 1 God All people are equal All people are equal

and the rich should and the rich should share with the poorshare with the poor

A Day of Judgment A Day of Judgment

Rise of IslamRise of Islam

6) What is the 6) What is the Kabba?Kabba?

A low square building A low square building in Makkah/Mecca in Makkah/Mecca surrounded by surrounded by pictures of gods & pictures of gods & goddessesgoddesses

Arabs believe that the Arabs believe that the stone inside the Kaaba stone inside the Kaaba was sent from heavenwas sent from heaven

Muslims make a Muslims make a pilgrimage every year pilgrimage every year to visit.to visit.

Rise of IslamRise of Islam

7. Who opposed 7. Who opposed Muhammad’s Muhammad’s teachings?teachings?

Wealthy merchants Wealthy merchants and religious and religious leaders. leaders.

Why do you think Why do you think they would not like they would not like his message?his message?

Rise of IslamRise of Islam7. Where 7. Where

did did MuhammaMuhammad and his d and his family go?family go?

They left Makkah They left Makkah and resettled in and resettled in what would later what would later be called be called Madinah, or city Madinah, or city of the prophet. of the prophet.

Rise of IslamRise of Islam8. How did 8. How did

MuhammaMuhammad rule d rule Madinah?Madinah?

He was a good ruler who He was a good ruler who created an Islamic State, a created an Islamic State, a government that uses its government that uses its political power to uphold political power to uphold Islam. All Muslims pledged Islam. All Muslims pledged loyalty to the Islamic state loyalty to the Islamic state above their own tribe. above their own tribe. Makkah surrendered out of Makkah surrendered out of fear of Muhammad’s army. fear of Muhammad’s army. 2 years later, in AD 632, 2 years later, in AD 632, Muhammad died, and Islam Muhammad died, and Islam began to spread all over began to spread all over Arabia. Arabia.

Islam’s TeachingsIslam’s Teachings9. What are some 9. What are some

aspects of aspects of Islam?Islam?

MonotheisticMonotheistic Quran – Holy book Quran – Holy book

of Islamof Islam Do not eat pork, Do not eat pork,

drink liquor, or drink liquor, or gamblegamble

5 Pillars of Islam5 Pillars of Islam Sunna – Customs Sunna – Customs

based on based on Muhammad’s Muhammad’s words and deeds. words and deeds.

The 5 Pillars of IslamThe 5 Pillars of Islam

10. What are 10. What are the 5 pillars the 5 pillars of Islam?of Islam?

Belief – Muslims declare there Belief – Muslims declare there is no God other than Allah, is no God other than Allah, and Muhammad is his and Muhammad is his prophet.prophet.

Prayer – 5 times per day Prayer – 5 times per day facing Makkahfacing Makkah

Charity – Muslims must give Charity – Muslims must give to the poorto the poor

Fasting – No eating from dawn Fasting – No eating from dawn to dusk during Ramadanto dusk during Ramadan

Pilgrimage – Muslims should Pilgrimage – Muslims should visit Makkah once in their visit Makkah once in their lifetime. lifetime.