Chapter 2 Review. During the Ice Age huge sheets of ice formed. Sheets of ice that move slowly over the Earth’s surface are called _?_.

Chapter 2

Review

During the Ice Age huge sheets of ice formed. Sheets of ice that move slowly over the Earth’s surface are called _?_.

glaciers

During the Ice Age the water levels of the

oceans dropped. This formed a land bridge

between what two continents?

Asia & North America

What was this land bridge that connected the continents of Asia & North America called?

Bering Strait (Beringia)

What vocabulary term refers to diagrams that show events that take place during a certain period of time ?

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Time line

What term refers to a period of:10 years - ___________

DecadeThe Roman Numeral for decade is - X

What term refers to a period of:10 years – decade100 years - ???????

CenturyThe Roman Numeral Number for century is - C

What term refers to a period of:10 years – decade100 years –century1000 years - ?????????

MillenniumThe Roman Numeral number for

millennium is - M

Roman NumeralsA smaller number in front of a larger number means subtraction, all else means addition. For example, IV means 4, VI means 6.

You would not put more than one smaller number in front of a larger number to subtract. For example, IIV would not mean 3.

You must separate ones, tens, hundreds, and thousands as separate items. That means that 99 is XCIX, 90 + 9, but never should be written as IC. Similarly, 999 cannot be IM and 1999 cannot be MIM. I The numeral one. II is two, III is three. You seldom see IIII as 4, since IV can also mean 4, plus its shorter to write. V The numeral 5. IV is 4, VI is 6, VII is 7, VIII is 8. X The numeral 10. IX is 9, XI is 11, etc. L The numeral 50. XL would be 40. C The numeral 100. Think of Century having a hundred years. C is short for the Latin word Centum, but that's not very easy to remember. D The numeral 500. M The numeral 1000.

The Four Corners consist of the four states of:

Vocabulary Terms

Scientists who study the cultures of people who lived long ago are known as _?_.

archaeologists

Objects made by early peopleare known as ?

artifact

A possible scientific explanation of how something happens is called a _?_.

theory

The years “before” the birth of Christ are known by the abbreviated letters:

B.C. – which stands for before Christ.

What do the letters A.D. stand for ?

The letters A.D represent the days “after” the birth of Christ. They are the abbreviations for the Latin words Anno Domini, which means “in the year of our Lord” or “after death.”

Stories that tell about the origins or beginnings of people are called _?_.

Origin stories

Over time the climate and vegetation changed and many animals died out or became _?_.

extinct

Years ago Native Americans began learning how to grow crops for food. This was the beginning of farming, which is also known as _?_.

agriculture

What vocabulary term refers to the practice of holding people against their will and making them carry out orders?

slavery

What did the group of Native Americans known as the Mound Builders build as places of worship or as burial places?

mounds

What vocabulary term is a synonym for the “main” foods the Pueblo Indians grew?

staple

The three main food groups the Pueblo’s grew were corn, beans, and squash. Of these 3, which was the most important?

corn

What vocabulary term refers to having more food than the amount needed?

Surplus – having more food than is needed

The river traders traveled in boats made from large, hollowed out logs called _?_.

dugouts

The exchange of goods such as fish, shells, jewelry, or baskets, for other items is referred to as _?_.

bartering

The Northwest Coast and the Arctic Native Americans held celebrations of feasting and dancing to show off a person’s wealth. The host would give away elaborate and nice gifts. This type of celebration was called a _?_.

potlatch

The Northwest Coast people used _?_, which were long spears with sharp shell points, to hunt whales.

Harpoons

A _?_ was a tall, wooden post standing outside an Indian house that had shapes of people and animals carved into it.

Totem pole

What was the most important resource to the Plains Native Americans ?

…what about the 2nd most important resource?

Resources of the Plains Indians

1st - water 2nd - buffalo

Groups of Native Americans that wandered from place to place following groups of buffalo were called _?_. They were called this because they did not have a permanent place to live.

NOMADS

_?_ is earth cut into blocks or mats that are held together by grass and its roots.

Sod

Some Native Americans lived in cone-shaped tents, which were covered in buffalo skins. These tents were known as _?_.

Teepee’s

Plains Indians carried goods from place to place by using two poles tied together with animal skins and then fastened to a horse with a harness. What was this called?

travois

The Eastern Woodland Native Americans lived in villages surrounded by a wall made of sharpened tree trunks called a _?_. This wall protected them from wild animals and their enemies.

palisade

Fertilizer is used to make things grow better. What item did the Eastern Woodland Indians use to fertilize soil?

fish

The Algonquian Native Americans lived in round, bark-covered shelters called _?_.

wigwams

When two or more people have a disagreement, each side must give up a part of what they want to reach an agreement. What is this called?

To reach an agreement they

must COMPROMISE.

Knowing how to compromise gives you another way to_?_ ,

or settle, your conflicts.

resolve

Study! and be prepared!