Chapter 2 2 (cells)

All You Need To Know About Cells

The basic unit of in living things is a . All living things are made up of one or more cells.

structure

cell

Cell Theory

Matthias Schleiden

German

Year:

Stated:

Botanist

1838

All plants are made up of cells

Theodor Schwann

German

Year:

Stated:

Zoologist

1839

The cell is the basic unit of structure in animals

Rudolph Virchow

German

Year:

Stated:

Doctor

1855

New cells come from cells that already exist. Cells divide to create new cells.

Cell Theory

The Cell Theory states:

All living things are made up of one or more

Cells are the basic unit of structure in living things, and cells carry on all

Cells come only from

cells

life processes

0ther living cells

Main Parts of the Cell

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Most cells have three main parts:

1.

Thin structure that surrounds the cell.

The cell membrane has 3 important jobs:

- the inside of the cell

- Supports and gives a cell its

- movement of material into and out of cell

Cell Membrane

Protects

shape

Controls

2.

Gel-like substance that is constantly moving

3.

The of the cell

- Controls all life processes and reproduction

- Contains DNA for how the cell is supposed to function

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Control Center

Other Parts of the Cell

Vacuole

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

Golgi Bodies

Lysosomes

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Organelles are small structures that are suspended in the

. Each organelle has a special job to do and keep the cell working properly.

Mitochondria

Release that the cell can use. Known as the “powerhouses” of the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Small, network of inside the cell. Substances move along these tubes from one organelle to another.

Ribosomes

Small rounded structures that make . These proteins are needed for growth and are involved in the cell processes.

cytoplasm

energy

tubes

proteins

Golgi Bodies

The golgi bodies package and distribute to other parts of the cell. Golgi bodies also send materials to the outside of the cell.

Vacuoles

Small storage spaces in the cells cytoplasm. The vacuoles store Plant cells have one large vacuole and animal cells have many small vacuoles.

Lysosomes

Contains powerful that digest nutrient molecules in the cell.

materials

food and water.

chemicals