Chapter 19 Project Empires in Collision Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia 1800-1914.

Chapter 19 ProjectEmpires in Collision

Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia

1800-1914

China

1793 Letter from Qianlong to KING GEORGE III

Taiping Rebellion

Taiping Rebellion

One of the largest and deadliest conflicts of the 19th century, this rebellion was led by Hong Xiuquan who was opposed to the  Manchu led Qing Dynasty. His campaign, however, was foiled when they enlisted the help of the French and British forces. After 15 years of rebellion, Xiuquan was finally defeated but left 20 million casualties in his wake.

Rights for Women – Hakka women

Opium Wars/Treaty of Nanking

Treaty of Nanking

Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Commerce between Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland and the Emperor of ChinaSigned 29 August 1842

Effective 26 June 1843

Self-Strengthening/Borrowing Cautiously

Edict of 1898 – Hundred Days Reform

In June 1898, the Guangxu Emperor began the Hundred Days' Reform (戊戌变法 ), aimed at a series of sweeping changes politically, legally, and socially. For a brief time, after the supposed retirement of the Empress Dowager Cixi, the Guangxu Emperor issued edicts for a massive number of far-reaching modernizing reforms.

Edict of 1898 – One Hundred Days Reform

The tragic Emperor Guangxu, an absolute prisoner of the Dowager Empress and her palace eunuchs, because of his Reform Edicts of 1898, is carted through streets of Peking in hollow splendor after anti-foreigner Boxer Rebellion. The Empress encouraged the Boxers, disgraced China, fled Peking taking the Emperor with her.

Boxer Rebellion

Boxer rebels, 1900 photograph. From Tōgō Shrine and Tōgō Association (東郷神社・東郷会 ), Togo Heihachiro in images, illustrated Meiji Navy (図説東郷平八郎、目で見る明治の海軍 ), (Japanese), "Photograph of Boxer rebels" (義和団 ).

Fall of Qing Dynasty - 1911

Power Words - China

Ottoman Empire

Defensive Modernization

The Sick Man of Europe

• Geographical Challenge

• Political weakening

• Economic Challenges

Edict of Gulhane - 1839

In compliance with his father's express instructions, Abdülmecid immediately carried out the reforms to which Mahmud II had devoted himself. In November 1839 an edict known as the Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane, also known as Tanzimat Fermanı was proclaimed, consolidating and enforcing these reforms

The Tanzimat

Edict of 1856• Grand Vizier Mehmed Emin Pasha were

prepared by Ali Fuat Pasha Kececizade decree and published in the February 28, 1856. At the end of the Crimean War was declared Reform Edict , holds a very important place in the Ottoman reform movement. The aim of the Reform Edict, giving everyone in the Ottoman Empire citizenship, was to ensure equality before the law regardless of religion. Liberal ideas circulating in West and Islahat will begin to enter the Ottoman Empire.

The Young Ottomans

• Written by members of the Young Ottomans, particularly Midhat Pasha, during the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II(1876–1909), the constitution was only in effect for two years, from 1876 to 1878 in a period known as the First Constitutional Era. 

• Greek lithograph celebrating the new constitution and the promised equality and brotherhood among the Ottoman subjects

The Young Turks• “A member of the

Young Turks leads old clerks and members of the Ottoman Empire’s security apparatus away by a leash.” “Enough!” he tells them. “You’ve ruled us for 32 years.”

The Young Turks

The Young Turks staging a coup d'etat and deposing the Turkish government to establish a constitutional government in 1908.

The Turkish Republic

Power Words – Ottoman Empire

Japan

Edict of 1635

• Iemitsu Tokugawa – the Shogun who enforced the 1635 edict

Tokugawa Shogunate

• Tokugawa instituted rules to each of the four hierarchically ranked status groups – Samurai, Farmers, Artisans, Peasants. 

Commodore Perry• The Black Ships of

Commodore Perry

Commodore Perry

Japanese depiction of Commodore Perry (right) and his second in command is pictured to the left. Shown as a goblin – tengu – viewed as dangerous, demonic, and warlike

Meiji Restoration

• Emperor Meiji (明治天皇 Meiji-tennō?, November 3, 1852 – July 30, 1912), or Meiji the Great (明治大帝 Meiji-taitei?), was the 122ndEmperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from February 3, 1867 until his death on July 30, 1912. He presided over a time of rapid change in the Empire of Japan, as the nation quickly changed from a feudal state to a capitalist and imperial world power, characterized by Japan's industrial revolution.

Meiji Restoration• Background: This is a top and

bottom work showing the rail line and the area of Ginza that were characteristic of civilization and enlightenment. The upper painting depicts a steam locomotive departing the Shinbashi station platform for Yokohama and the lower painting, by the fact that the Matsuda restaurant can be seen, depicts a street in Ginza 1-chome.

• Source:Illustration of the Prosperity of Ginza, Tokyo's Brick Masonry / Illustration of a Shinbashi Railway Steam Locomotive Painted by Utagawa Kuniteru II 1873 (Meiji 6) Tokyo Shiryō 0422-C35

Defensive Modernization

The Role of Women

Zaibatsu

Anglo-Japanese Treaty of 1902

Japanese Imperialism

• Sino-Japanese War

• Russo-Japanese War

Power Words - Japan