Chapter 18: Coldwater Streams Also info from: Chapter 13: Management of Introduced Fishes

Chapter 18: Coldwater Streams Also info from:

Chapter 13: Management of Introduced Fishes

Chapter 14: Stocking for Sport Fisheries Enhancement

Lecture 12: Lecture 12: Coldwater Coldwater Stream Stream ManagementManagement

Definition of a Coldwater Definition of a Coldwater StreamStream

Streams where game fish populations are predominantly salmonids.

Streams that maintain salmonid populations by sustaining spawning and rearing of juveniles rather than just serving as migratory pathways (self-sustaining population requirement).

Classification Salmonid Classification Salmonid PopulationsPopulations

1. Anadromous species that move out of streams and to the sea or lakes immediately after emergence (chum and sockeye salmon).

2. Anadromous species that spend 1-4 years in natal streams before moving to sea (Atlantic Salmon, Steelhead).

3. Resident species that spend their entire lives in streams (Cutthroat Trout, Brook Trout).

Anadromous vs. Stream ResidentMobile vs. Sedentary

Classification Salmonid Classification Salmonid PopulationsPopulations

Brook Trout Movement Brook Trout Movement June – June – August 2001August 2001

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 20 40 60 80 100

Movement Rate (m/d)

Cu

mu

lati

ve

%

Shavers Fork

Rocky Run

N = 28Mean Standard Length = 190 mmDays at Large: 28-70 days

Max Distance = 300m

Max Distance = 6.5km

Common Salmonid Common Salmonid FisheriesFisheries

Appalachian Brook Trout

Common Salmonid Common Salmonid FisheriesFisheriesLake Superior Brook Trout (Coasters)

Common Salmonid Common Salmonid FisheriesFisheries

Brown TroutRainbow Trout

Common Salmonid Common Salmonid FisheriesFisheries

Atlantic Salmon

Common Salmonid Common Salmonid FisheriesFisheries

Yellowstone Cutthroat

Lahontan Cutthroat

Common Salmonid Common Salmonid FisheriesFisheries

Sockeye Salmon

Classification of Coldwater Classification of Coldwater StreamsStreams

Freestone: Water mostly is delivered overland or through shallow groundwater; highly variable stream flows; most of WV.

Spring Creek: Deep ground water dominated streams, generally in karst geology; relatively stable flow, temperature, and water chemistry.

Tailwater: Cold water comes from hypolimnetic release from an upstream dam, highly regulated flows systems (some can be stable flow, others highly variable).

From upper left to lower right:

Freestone stream: Joes Run, WV

Spring creek: Timber Coulee, WI

Tailwater river: White River, AR