Chapter 17-The Early Middle Ages Mrs. M. Brown. Section 2 o After the fall of Rome, groups moved into Europe and divided the lands among themselves. The.

Chapter 17-The Early Chapter 17-The Early Middle AgesMiddle Ages

Mrs. M. BrownMrs. M. Brown

Section 2Section 2o After the fall of Rome, groups After the fall of Rome, groups

moved into Europe and divided moved into Europe and divided the lands among themselves. the lands among themselves. The leaders of these groups The leaders of these groups called themselves kingscalled themselves kings

oThe creation of kingdoms The creation of kingdoms marked the beginning of the marked the beginning of the Middle Ages, a period lasting Middle Ages, a period lasting from 500 to 1500from 500 to 1500. . Another Another namename for this age is the for this age is the medieval periodmedieval period..

A.D. 500Fall of the

Roman Empire

A.D. 1500The Renaissance

A.D. 500 – A.D. 1500The Middle Ages

o Christianity was the most important Christianity was the most important factor in Europe during this time.factor in Europe during this time.

oThe The PopePope sent sent missionaries and missionaries and monksmonks to Europe to to Europe to spread spread ChristianityChristianity. .

1.What is the time period from 1.What is the time period from A.D. 500 to A.D. 1500 in which A.D. 500 to A.D. 1500 in which Christianity was the most Christianity was the most important factor known as?important factor known as?

Middle AgesMiddle Ages

2. What is the word 2. What is the word that comes from Latin that comes from Latin that also means that also means “Middle Ages”?“Middle Ages”? medievalmedieval3. What did the Pope, 3. What did the Pope, missionaries, and monks missionaries, and monks spread all over Europe?spread all over Europe?

ChristianitChristianityy

o MissionariesMissionaries are are people who try to people who try to convert others to a convert others to a particular religionparticular religion

o Patrick was a Patrick was a missionary who missionary who traveled from traveled from Britain Britain to Ireland to convert to Ireland to convert the people there.the people there.

o At first, the people At first, the people resisted his teachings resisted his teachings but eventually they but eventually they accepted Christianity; accepted Christianity; especially after especially after Patrick performed a Patrick performed a miracle to remove all miracle to remove all of the snakes from of the snakes from Ireland.Ireland.

o A A monkmonk is a religious man who is a religious man who lived apart from societylived apart from society in in isolated communitiesisolated communities

o Communities of monksCommunities of monks are called are called monasteriesmonasteries (where monks lived) (where monks lived)

o Although monks lived in Although monks lived in monasteries, they were very monasteries, they were very much a part of society.much a part of society.o They acted as They acted as doctors, ran schools, doctors, ran schools,

and collected ancient writings from and collected ancient writings from Greece and RomeGreece and Rome

o They also helped spread Christian They also helped spread Christian teachings into new areasteachings into new areas

4.What are people who try to convert 4.What are people who try to convert others to a particular religion called?others to a particular religion called?

missionariesmissionaries

5. Who was the missionary who 5. Who was the missionary who converted many people in Britain converted many people in Britain and Ireland to Christianity?and Ireland to Christianity?

Saint PatrickSaint Patrick

6. What is the name of the place where 6. What is the name of the place where monks live/communities of monks?monks live/communities of monks?

monasteriesmonasteries7. Although monks lived apart 7. Although monks lived apart from society, what four things from society, what four things did they do FOR society?did they do FOR society?Acted as doctorsActed as doctors

Ran schoolsRan schools

Collected ancient writings from Collected ancient writings from Greece and RomeGreece and Rome

Helped spread Christianity to new Helped spread Christianity to new areasareas

The FranksThe Frankso In the 480’s a powerful group called In the 480’s a powerful group called

the Franks conquered Gaul (France).the Franks conquered Gaul (France).o Under the rule of Under the rule of Clovis the Franks Clovis the Franks

become Christianbecome Christian and create one of and create one of the strongest kingdom in Europe.the strongest kingdom in Europe.

o Then in the late 700’s under the Then in the late 700’s under the leadership of leadership of CharlemagneCharlemagne, the , the Franks Franks conquer most of the old conquer most of the old Roman empire and begin building Roman empire and begin building schools across Europeschools across Europeo Charlemagne was a very tall man (6’ 4”) Charlemagne was a very tall man (6’ 4”)

and a strong Christian and a strong Christian

8. Under the rule of King _____, the 8. Under the rule of King _____, the Franks became Christians.Franks became Christians.ClovisClovis

9. Who was the very tall and 9. Who was the very tall and strong Christian king who led the strong Christian king who led the Franks in conquering most of the Franks in conquering most of the old Roman Empire and built old Roman Empire and built schools across Europe?schools across Europe?

CharlemagneCharlemagne

FeudalismFeudalismo While Charlemagne was building While Charlemagne was building

his empire his empire Vikings, Magyars and Vikings, Magyars and Muslims were invading EuropeMuslims were invading Europe

o The The Vikings were a group of Vikings were a group of seafaring peopleseafaring people who invaded who invaded England and northwestern England and northwestern EuropeEurope

o Because of these invasions Because of these invasions

Feudalism Feudalism was created by was created by the Franks.the Franks.o Feudalism is the trading of loyalty Feudalism is the trading of loyalty

for protectionfor protection

10.What did the invasions of the Vikings, 10.What did the invasions of the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims cause to be develop?Magyars, and Muslims cause to be develop?

feudalismfeudalism

11. Who first created 11. Who first created feudalism?feudalism? the Franksthe Franks

12. What is 12. What is feudalism?feudalism?A way of trading A way of trading

loyalty for protectionloyalty for protection

13. Who were the seafaring people who 13. Who were the seafaring people who invaded England and northwestern invaded England and northwestern Europe?Europe? VikingsVikings

Section 3Section 3o The king owned all of The king owned all of

the landthe landoNobles were granted Nobles were granted large areas of land for large areas of land for loyalty and support loyalty and support (food, soldiers, taxes)(food, soldiers, taxes)

o These These large pieces of large pieces of land (estates) given to land (estates) given to a lorda lord for a promise of for a promise of support and loyalty support and loyalty were called were called manors manors or or estatesestates

o Knights fought to protect Knights fought to protect the lands and gain their the lands and gain their own lands from the own lands from the noblesnobles

o When a When a noble gave noble gave knights landknights land and and promised military support promised military support for the king they for the king they became became LordsLords..

o The The lands the knights lands the knights earnedearned were called were called fiefs.fiefs.

o When the When the knight earned a knight earned a fieffief, he , he became a vassal.became a vassal.

14. What did knights receive in 14. What did knights receive in exchange for the pledge of exchange for the pledge of loyalty to a lord?loyalty to a lord? a fiefa fief

15. What was a knight who promised 15. What was a knight who promised protection for a lord in exchange for protection for a lord in exchange for land called?land called?

vassalvassal

16. What did a noble become when he 16. What did a noble become when he gave a knight land for protection and gave a knight land for protection and promised the king military support?promised the king military support?

lordlord

17. What was the land given to a 17. What was the land given to a noble called?noble called?

manor or estatemanor or estate

o Serfs farmed the land for Serfs farmed the land for protection and provided food protection and provided food and paid taxesand paid taxes

o Serfs were tied to the landSerfs were tied to the land — —they were not allowed to leave they were not allowed to leave their land without the lord’s their land without the lord’s permissionpermissiono A peasant a bit more freedom but A peasant a bit more freedom but

not much—they usually were the not much—they usually were the more skilled workers on the manormore skilled workers on the manor

o Serfs (and peasants) received a Serfs (and peasants) received a place to stay and were protected place to stay and were protected from invaders in return for from invaders in return for farming the lord’s land.farming the lord’s land.

18. What did serfs receive for 18. What did serfs receive for farming a lord’s land?farming a lord’s land?

A place to stay and protection A place to stay and protection from invadersfrom invaders

19. People who were tied to the 19. People who were tied to the land were called _________land were called _________

serfsserfs

Pages 508 – 509 What direction is the church from The manor house?

o Feudalism was first created by the Feudalism was first created by the Franks but before long this system of Franks but before long this system of obligations governing the relationships obligations governing the relationships of lords and vassals began to spread to of lords and vassals began to spread to other kingdomsother kingdoms

o In 1066 In 1066 William the ConquerorWilliam the Conqueror decided decided to conquer England and to conquer England and defeated the defeated the British in 1066 at the Battle of HastingsBritish in 1066 at the Battle of Hastings..o To reward his knights, William gave them To reward his knights, William gave them

large estates of land = large estates of land = William the William the Conqueror brought feudalism to Conqueror brought feudalism to EnglandEngland

20. Who defeated the British king in 20. Who defeated the British king in 1006 at the Battle of Hastings?1006 at the Battle of Hastings?

William the William the ConquerorConqueror

21. What did William the 21. What did William the Conqueror bring to Britain Conqueror bring to Britain after he invaded and after he invaded and conquered it?conquered it?

feudalismfeudalism

Women in the Middle Women in the Middle AgesAges

o Regardless of their social class, Regardless of their social class, women in the Middle Ages had to obey women in the Middle Ages had to obey the wishes of their fathers or the wishes of their fathers or husbands, they ran the households, husbands, they ran the households, and noble women supervised servants and noble women supervised servants = they had fewer rights than men.= they had fewer rights than men.

o One woman, however, had One woman, however, had GREAT political power!GREAT political power!o Eleanor of Aquitaine married 2 Eleanor of Aquitaine married 2

kings- France and England and kings- France and England and was the mother of 2 kings! was the mother of 2 kings!

o After A.D. 1000 After A.D. 1000 Europe’s Europe’s population began to population began to increaseincrease partly because partly because more food was available more food was available due to new inventions such due to new inventions such as a heavier plow (it could as a heavier plow (it could dig deeper into the soil dig deeper into the soil and plants could grow and plants could grow better)better)

o Towns also began to grow Towns also began to grow because of trade.because of trade.o Trade routes began to Trade routes began to

develop develop o People began to move into People began to move into

the citiesthe cities from farms to earn from farms to earn more moneymore money..

22.What woman had great 22.What woman had great political power and married 2 political power and married 2 kings-France and England?kings-France and England?

Eleanor of AquitaineEleanor of Aquitaine

23. What are 2 reasons why 23. What are 2 reasons why European cities began to grow?European cities began to grow?

Many people moved into the city Many people moved into the city (increase of population and the (increase of population and the growth of tradegrowth of trade

Your test is Thursday!Your test is Thursday!

PLEASE study!PLEASE study!

This is a very important This is a very important historical time period!historical time period!