Chapter 16 Review Mining. a mining company is required to post funds before beginning a mining project. 1.decrease in taxes program 2.bond forfeiture.

Chapter 16 Review

Mining

a mining company is required to post funds before beginning a mining project.

decrease

in ta

...

bond forfe

itur..

.

incre

ase in

ta...

no program

s ex..

.

25% 25%25%25%

1. decrease in taxes program2. bond forfeiture program3. increase in taxes program4. no programs exist

The Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act ensure that __________ from mines do not threaten water quality.

Ore

s

Contaminants

Minera

ls

they d

o nothin...

20% 20% 20%20%20%

1. Ores2. Contaminants3. Minerals4. they do nothing for water

quality

The land recovery process required of mine operators is called ________

do nothing at .

..

open pits

recla

mation

subsid

ence

25% 25%25%25%

1. do nothing at all2. open pits3. reclamation4. subsidence

Acid mine drainage is contaminated _____ that results when acid dissolves toxic minerals that exist in mine waste.

air so

il sa

lt

wate

r

25% 25%25%25%

1. air2. soil3. salt4. water

A serious hazard of coal mining that can ignite and possibly burn for years is/are __________

undergro

und fi...

subsid

ence

fore

st fires

house fire

s

25% 25%25%25%

1. underground fires2. subsidence3. forest fires4. house fires

Wildlife ________are protected by the Endangered Species Act

only fo

od

only water

habitats

they a

re not p

...

25% 25%25%25%

1. only food2. only water3. habitats4. they are not protected

by this act at all

The sinking of regions of the ground with little or no horizontal movement is called ________

erosio

n

recla

mation

subsid

ence

undergro

und fi...

25% 25%25%25%

1. erosion2. reclamation3. subsidence4. underground fires

Large piles of excess rock from mines are called _________

soil d

egration

subsid

ence

dumps

placer

25% 25%25%25%

1. soil degration2. subsidence3. dumps4. placer

The process where crushed ore is melted at high temperatures to separate impurities from molten metal is called_______.

under sea m

ini...

solar

evapora

t...

GANG

smelti

ng

25% 25%25%25%

1. under sea mining2. solar evaporation3. GANG4. smelting

Bends in rivers often have ____.

stream place

rs

placer d

eposits

rock

deposits

the bends n

ever c

ollect

...

25% 25%25%25%

1. stream placers2. placer deposits3. rock deposits4. the bends never collect

any deposits

Solution mining is an economical mining method if mineral ores are ____ in water

flammable

non soluble

soluble

inorganic

25% 25%25%25%

1. flammable2. non soluble3. soluble4. inorganic

Networks of entries in subsurface coal mines are called ______

rooms

pillars

cabin

house

25% 25%25%25%

1. rooms2. pillars3. cabin4. house

An open pit used to mine minerals like granite, limestone and marble near the surface is called a_________.

solution m

inin...

surfa

ce co

al m...

solution m

inin...

quarrying

25% 25%25%25%

1. solution mining2. surface coal mining3. solution mining4. quarrying

The second part of surface coal mining is to remove rocks that cover coal seams near the surface are called _______. It will be later put

back during reclamation

Subsid

ence

placer d

eposit

overburd

en G

ANG

25% 25%25%25%

1. Subsidence2. placer deposit3. overburden4. GANG

The first step in finding a(n) _______ is exploring rock for mineralization.

key

slag

ore deposit

subsid

ence

25% 25%25%25%

1. key2. slag3. ore deposit4. subsidence

A floating barge on which buckets fixed onto a conveyor excavate sediments is called a(n) _____. This can be a good way to mine gold.

Dredge

smelti

ng

open pit minin...

Evapora

tion

25% 25%25%25%

1. Dredge2. smelting3. open pit mining4. Evaporation

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together form a(n) _______

element

compound

atom

mixt

ure

25% 25%25%25%

1. element2. compound3. atom4. mixture

A material that bonds with impurities and separates them from molten metal during smelting is called a___.

.flux

slag

gang

diamond

25% 25%25%25%

1. .flux2. slag3. gang4. diamond

Metallic minerals conduct ____________________.

Fire

s

wate

r

electrici

ty

smoke

25% 25%25%25%

1. Fires2. water3. electricity4. smoke

Gold, silver, and copper that occur in elemental form are called _____.

non native ele...

native element..

.

fore

ign elemen...

immigr

ants

25% 25%25%25%

1. non native elements2. native elements3. foreign elements4. immigrants

Ore deposits formed in cracks in rocks are called _______

veins

vesse

ls

placer d

eposit

smelti

ng

25% 25%25%25%

1. veins2. vessels3. placer deposit4. smelting

The _____ sets standards to minimize the surface effects of coal mining on the environment.

Clean Water A

c...

Comprehensiv

e ...

Surfa

ce M

ining...

Safe D

rinking ...

25% 25%25%25%

1. Clean Water Act2. Comprehensive Response Compensation

and Liability Act3. Surface Mining Control and Reclamation

Act of 19774. Safe Drinking Water Act

The _____ regulates the release of hazardous substances into the air, soil, and water by mining.

Clean Water A

ct

Comprehensiv

e Respons..

.

Surfa

ce M

ining Contro

l a..

Safe D

rinking W

ater Act

25% 25%25%25%

1. Clean Water Act2. Comprehensive Response

Compensation and Liability Act3. Surface Mining Control and

Reclamation Act of 19774. Safe Drinking Water Act

What can contaminate a river during dredging?

it does n

ot ha...

placer d

eposit...

sea w

ater

muddy se

diment..

.

25% 25%25%25%

1. it does not have any negative effects

2. placer deposits3. sea water4. muddy sediments

Surface mining can cause

only air p

ollu...

both ai

r and n...

only noise

pol...

neither a

ir no...

25% 25%25%25%

1. only air pollution.2. both air and noise pollution.3. only noise pollution.4. neither air nor noise

pollution.

Reclamation is the process of

removing co

al fro

m a su...

extracti

ng ore m

inerals ...

retu

rning la

nd to its

orig...

protecti

ng the habita

ts o...

25% 25%25%25%

1. removing coal from a subsurface seam.

2. extracting ore minerals from gangue minerals.

3. returning land to its original or better condition after mining.

4. protecting the habitats of local wildlife.

From whom must mining companies obtain permits before mining a site?

state

and fede...

state

agencie

s...

federa

l agenci.

..

they d

o not ne...

25% 25%25%25%

1. state and federal agencies

2. state agencies only3. federal agencies only4. they do not need

permits

Which of the following is not a regulation mining companies must follow?

the Clean W

ate...

the Safe D

rink...

the H

azard

ous ...

the Endange

red...

25% 25%25%25%

1. the Clean Water Act2. the Safe Drinking Water Act3. the Hazardous Products Act4. the Endangered Species

Act

Collapse of _____ can lead to subsidence.

solar

evapora

t...

open-pit m

ines

pillars

in aba...

placer d

eposit...

25% 25%25%25%

1. solar evaporation ponds2. open-pit mines3. pillars in abandoned mines4. placer deposits

Which of the following is a water contaminant that can cause acid mine drainage?

acid ra

in is n...

Meth

ane

carb

on dioxide

sulfu

ric acid

25% 25%25%25%

1. acid rain is not real2. Methane3. carbon dioxide4. sulfuric acid

A quarry also could be called

an open pit.

a longwall.

the overb

urden...

a pillar.

25% 25%25%25%

1. an open pit.2. a longwall.3. the overburden.4. a pillar.

The layer of impurities on top of molten metal that forms during smelting is called

smelt.

slag.

dredge

.

was

te.

25% 25%25%25%

1. smelt.2. slag.3. dredge.4. waste.

Which of the following would not likely be mined using solution mining?

Gyp

sum

Salt

Potash su

lfur

25% 25%25%25%

1. Gypsum2. Salt3. Potash4. sulfur

Placer deposits are surface mineral deposits that have been concentrated by

surfa

ce m

ining...

movement o

f wi...

subsu

rface

min...

evapora

tion an...

25% 25%25%25%

1. surface mining.2. movement of wind and water.3. subsurface mining.4. evaporation and

condensation.

Through _____, mining companies can identify areas where there may be valuable mineral resources.

minera

l explor..

.

subsu

rface

min...

Smelti

ng

dredgin

g

25% 25%25%25%

1. mineral exploration2. subsurface mining3. Smelting4. dredging

Which of the following is not a method of subsurface mining?

room-and-p

illa...

solution m

inin...

longw

all minin...

open-pit m

inin...

25% 25%25%25%

1. room-and-pillar mining2. solution mining3. longwall mining4. open-pit mining

Acid mine drainage

harms o

r kills

...

is no big

deal

purifies s

trea...

is unregulat

ed...

25% 25%25%25%

1. harms or kills aquatic life.2. is no big deal3. purifies streams.4. is unregulated in the

United States.

Dredging streambeds may be an effective technique for mining

salt.

gold.

coal.

sulfu

r.

25% 25%25%25%

1. salt.2. gold.3. coal.4. sulfur.

The first step in surface coal mining is

to re

move and ...

to use

heavy e...

to te

st to

see...

to m

ake cuts

i...

25% 25%25%25%

1. to remove and set aside the soil that covers the area to be mined.

2. to use heavy equipment to mine the land.

3. to test to see if quarrying would be more effective.

4. to make cuts in the coal for easier removal.

Gangue or GANG minerals

are valued fo

r...

have no commer..

.

are the m

ost d...

are native ele...

25% 25%25%25%

1. are valued for their rarity and durability.

2. have no commercial value.3. are the most difficult to

mine.4. are native elements.

What must hot subsurface waters contain in order to be considered hydrothermal solutions?

crysta

llized m

...

gangu

e minera

l...

dissolved m

ine...

inorganic

soli..

.

25% 25%25%25%

1. crystallized minerals2. gangue minerals3. dissolved minerals4. inorganic solids

What is one property that may be used to distinguish metallic from nonmetallic minerals?

cost

to extra

c...

carb

on conte

nt Value

electrica

l con...

25% 25%25%25%

1. cost to extract2. carbon content3. Value4. electrical conductivity

Which of the following is not one of the ways that ore minerals may form?

coolin

g of mag

...

circu

lation of...

flooding of em...

evapora

tion of...

25% 25%25%25%

1. cooling of magma2. circulation of hydrothermal

solutions through rocks3. flooding of empty

streambeds and rivers4. evaporation of water that

contains salts

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a mineral?

natura

lly occ

u...

usually

an ino...

atoms i

n rando...

orderly

inte

rn...

25% 25%25%25%

1. naturally occurring2. usually an inorganic solid3. atoms in random geometric

patterns4. orderly internal structure

Which of the following are minerals that contain valuable substances?

native m

ineral...

gangu

e minera

l...

ore m

inerals

longw

alls

25% 25%25%25%

1. native minerals2. gangue minerals3. ore minerals4. longwalls

Evaporates most commonly form in

arid re

gions w...

rain fo

rests

w...

cold re

gions t

...

an area with

f...

25% 25%25%25%

1. arid regions where rates of evaporation are high.

2. rain forests where rates of evaporation are low.

3. cold regions that receive significant snowfall.

4. an area with frequent volcanic activity.

Extended response questions:• How must soil be handled during surface coal

mining to minimize environmental damage?• What potential environmental problem

caused by the smelting process must be controlled? How can this be done?

• How can surface mining completely transform ecosystems, even after reclamation?

• Explain reclamation and why it is necessary?• Explain 3 of the 7 negative impacts of mining.

6pts